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The Harriet Lane Handbook E-Book

The Harriet Lane Handbook E-Book

Branden Engorn | Jamie Flerlage

(2014)

Abstract

Trusted by generations of residents and practitioners, The Harriet Lane Handbook remains your first choice for fast, accurate information on pediatric diagnosis and treatment. The first medical reference book written "by residents, for residents" and reviewed by expert faculty at The Johns Hopkins Hospital, it continues to provide the gold standard in point-of-care clinical information for any health care professional treating pediatric patients.

  • Consult this title on your favorite e-reader, conduct rapid searches, and adjust font sizes for optimal readability.
  • Take advantage of the most dependable drug information available with thoroughly updated, one-of-a-kind Pediatric Formulary providing the standard of pediatric care from the leading pediatric hospital in the world.
  • Trust thoroughly updated content that includes parameters for pediatric and neonatal septic shock; guidelines for acute management of severe traumatic brain injury; a convenient table detailing common genetic tests; a significantly extended collection of radiologic images; expanded mental health coverage; plus much more.
  • Access information easily and quickly with reformatted sections designed make the book easier to use via mobile device.

Table of Contents

Section Title Page Action Price
Front Cover Cover
IFC IFC
Pediatric Parameters, Equipment, and Resuscitation Medications i
The Harriet Lane Handbook: A Manual for Pediatric House Officers v
Copyright vi
Dedication vii
Preface ix
Contents xiii
PART 1 - PEDIATRIC ACUTE CARE 1
Chapter 1 - Emergency Management 3
I. INITIAL ASSESSMENT: C-A-B 3
II. AIRWAY3-6 3
III. BREATHING3,4,13,14 7
IV. CIRCULATION3-5,13 8
V. ALLERGIC EMERGENCIES (ANAPHYLAXIS)16,17 9
VI. RESPIRATORY EMERGENCIES18 10
VII. NEUROLOGIC EMERGENCIES 13
REFERENCES 17
Chapter 2 - Poisonings 19
I. WEBSITES 19
II. INITIAL EVALUATION 19
III. TOXIDROMES (Table 2-2) 20
IV. INGESTION AND ANTIDOTES (TABLE 2-3) 21
V. ACETAMINOPHEN OVERDOSE4,17,18,19,20 23
VI. LEAD POISONINGS21-23 23
CHELATION THERAPY 24
REFERENCES 25
Chapter 3 - Procedures 27
I. GENERAL GUIDELINES 27
II. BLOOD SAMPLING 27
III. VASCULAR ACCESS 31
IV. BODY FLUID SAMPLING 42
V. IMMUNIZATION AND MEDICATION ADMINISTRATION4 53
VI. BASIC LACERATION REPAIR3 54
VII. MUSCULOSKELETAL PROCEDURES 57
REFERENCES 60
Chapter 4 - Trauma, Burns, and Common Critical Care Emergencies 61
I. TRAUMA: OVERVIEW1 61
II. SPECIFIC TRAUMATIC INJURIES 61
III. COMMON CRITICAL CARE EMERGENCIES 68
IV. ANIMAL BITES3,18 76
V. BURNS1,3,19 78
VI. CHILD ABUSE 83
REFERENCES 86
PART II - DIAGNOSTIC AND THERAPEUTIC INFORMATION 89
Chapter 5 - Adolescent Medicine 91
I. WEBSITES 91
II. INTRODUCTION TO ADOLESCENT HEALTH 91
III. ADOLESCENT HEALTH MAINTENANCE 94
IV. PREPARTICIPATION PHYSICAL EVALUATION (PPE)18,19 97
V. SEXUAL HEALTH9,20-25 98
VI. MENTAL HEALTH 104
VII. TRANSITIONING ADOLESCENTS INTO ADULT CARE 108
REFERENCES 109
Chapter 6 - Analgesia and Procedural Sedation 111
I. WEB RESOURCES 111
II. PAIN ASSESSMENT 111
III. ANALGESICS1,4 111
IV. PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA 116
V. OPIOID TAPERING4 117
VI. PROCEDURAL SEDATION1,4-7,14 118
REFERENCES 126
Chapter 7 - Cardiology 127
I. WEBSITES 127
II. THE CARDIAC CYCLE (FIG. 7-1) 127
III. PHYSICAL EXAMINATION 128
IV. ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHY 140
V. IMAGING 154
VI. CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE 155
VII. ACQUIRED HEART DISEASE 161
VIII. EXERCISE RECOMMENDATIONS FOR CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE 168
IX. LIPID MONITORING RECOMMENDATIONS 168
X. CARDIOVASCULAR SCREENING 170
REFERENCES 170
Chapter 8 - Dermatology 172
I. WEBSITE 172
II. EVALUATION AND CLINICAL DESCRIPTIONS OF SKIN FINDINGS 172
III. SKIN LUMPS: DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT (FIGS. 8-2 TO 8-13) 172
IV. PAPULOSQUAMOUS LESIONS: DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT (FIGS. 8-14 TO 8-29) 180
V. HAIR LOSS: DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT (FIGS. 8-30 TO 8-34) 185
VI. ACNE VULGARIS 186
VII. COMMON NEONATAL DERMATOLOGIC CONDITIONS (FIGS. 8-35 TO 8-44) 190
VIII. BULLOUS LESIONS: DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT (FIGS. 8-45 TO 8-47) 192
REFERENCES 194
Chapter 9 - Development, Behavior, and Mental Health 195
I. WEBSITES 195
II. INTRODUCTION 195
III. DEFINITIONS1 195
IV. GUIDELINES FOR NORMAL DEVELOPMENT AND BEHAVIOR 196
V. DEVELOPMENTAL SCREENING AND EVALUATION 200
VI. MEDICAL EVALUATION OF DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS 202
VII. DISORDERS OF DEVELOPMENT 205
VIII. DISORDERS OF MENTAL HEALTH 208
IX. REFERRAL AND INTERVENTION 212
REFERENCES 212
Chapter 10 - Endocrinology 214
I. WEBSITES 214
II. DIABETES 214
III. THYROID FUNCTION11-13 219
IV. PARATHYROID GLAND FUNCTION AND VITAMIN D 224
V. ADRENAL FUNCTION21-23 226
VI. POSTERIOR PITUITARY GLAND—VASOPRESSIN29 231
VII. GROWTH AND SEXUAL DEVELOPMENT29-38 233
VIII. NEONATAL HYPOGLYCEMIA EVALUATION40 242
IX. ADDITIONAL NORMAL VALUES 243
REFERENCES 243
Chapter 11 - Fluids and Electrolytes 246
I. OVERALL GUIDANCE IN FLUID AND ELECTROLYTE MANAGEMENT 246
II. MAINTENANCE REQUIREMENTS 246
III. DEFICIT REPLETION8 249
IV. ONGOING LOSSES 256
V. SERUM ELECTROLYTE DISTURBANCES 256
VI. ACID-BASE/OSMOLAR GAP DISTURBANCES 264
REFERENCES 266
Chapter 12 - Gastroenterology 268
I. WEBSITES 268
II. GASTROINTESTINAL EMERGENCIES 268
III. CONDITIONS OF THE GI TRACT (ESOPHAGUS/STOMACH/BOWEL) 270
IV. CONDITIONS OF THE LIVER 276
V. PANCREATITIS19,20 278
REFERENCES 282
Chapter 13 - Genetics: Metabolism and Dysmorphology 284
I. WEBSITES/DATABASES 284
II. METABOLISM 284
III. DYSMORPHOLOGY1,2,13-15 295
REFERENCES 303
Chapter 14 - Hematology 305
I. ANEMIA 305
II. HEMOGLOBINOPATHIES 309
III. NEUTROPENIA 313
IV. THROMBOCYTOPENIA 313
V. COAGULATION (FIG. 14-2) 316
VI. BLOOD COMPONENT REPLACEMENT 325
VII. INTERPRETING BLOOD SMEARS 332
REFERENCES 333
Chapter 15 - Immunology and Allergy 334
I. ALLERGIC RHINITIS1-4 334
II. FOOD ALLERGY5-9 336
III. DRUG ALLERGY10-11 339
IV. EVALUATION OF SUSPECTED IMMUNODEFICIENCY (TABLES 15-2 AND 15-3)12-19 341
V. IMMUNOGLOBULIN THERAPY20-22 341
VI. IMMUNOLOGIC REFERENCE VALUES 345
VII. COMPLEMENT PATHWAY (FIG. 15-3) 348
REFERENCES 348
Chapter 16 - Immunoprophylaxis 351
I. WEBSITES 351
II. IMMUNIZATION SCHEDULES 351
III. IMMUNIZATION GUIDELINES 351
IV. IMMUNOPROPHYLAXIS GUIDELINES FOR SPECIAL HOSTS 361
V. IMMUNOPROPHYLAXIS GUIDELINES FOR SPECIFIC DISEASES 363
REFERENCES 378
Chapter 17 - Microbiology and Infectious Disease 380
I. MICROBIOLOGY 380
II. INFECTIOUS DISEASE 380
REFERENCES 413
Chapter 18 - Neonatology 415
I. WEBSITES 415
III. NEWBORN RESUSCITATION 415
IV. NEWBORN ASSESSMENT 415
II. FETAL ASSESSMENT 415.e1
V. FLUIDS, ELECTROLYTES, AND NUTRITION 421
VI. CYANOSIS IN THE NEWBORN 423
VII. RESPIRATORY DISEASES 423
VIII. APNEA AND BRADYCARDIA 426
IX. CARDIAC DISEASES 427
X. HEMATOLOGIC DISEASES 428
XI. GASTROINTESTINAL DISEASES 431
XII. NEUROLOGIC DISEASES 431
XIII. RETINOPATHY OF PREMATURITY (ROP)11 433
XIV. CONGENITAL INFECTIONS 435
XV. COMMONLY USED MEDICATIONS IN THE NEONATAL INTENSIVE CARE UNIT (TABLE 18-11) 435
REFERENCES 437
Chapter 19 - Nephrology 438
I. WEBSITES 438
II. URINALYSIS, URINE DIPSTICK, AND MICROSCOPY1 438
III. EVALUATION AND MANAGEMENT OF URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS3 440
IV. KIDNEY FUNCTION TESTS 445
V. ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY11,12 448
VI. HEMATURIA AND ASSOCIATED DISORDERS13,14 450
VII. PROTEINURIA AND ASSOCIATED DISORDERS14,15 454
VIII. TUBULAR DISORDERS 456
IX. CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE19 458
X. CHRONIC HYPERTENSION20-22 460
XI. NEPHROLITHIASIS23,24 462
REFERENCES 465
Chapter 20 - Neurology 467
I. WEBSITES 467
II. NEUROLOGIC EXAMINATION 467
III. HEADACHES1-3 470
IV. PAROXYSMAL EVENTS 474
V. HYDROCEPHALUS19 480
VI. ATAXIA20,21 480
VII. STROKE22-25 481
REFERENCES 483
Chapter 21 - Nutrition and Growth 485
I. WEBSITES 485
II. ASSESSMENT OF NUTRITIONAL STATUS 485
III. ESTIMATING ENERGY NEEDS 497
IV. DIETARY REFERENCE INTAKES FOR INDIVIDUALS7 500
V. ENTERAL NUTRITION 509
VI. PARENTERAL NUTRITION12 520
REFERENCES 522
Chapter 22 - Oncology 523
I. WEBSITES 523
II. PRESENTING SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF PEDIATRIC MALIGNANCIES (TABLE 22-1) 523
III. EVALUATION OF LYMPHADENOPATHY2,3 524
IV. COMMONLY USED CHEMOTHERAPEUTIC DRUGS AND ASSOCIATED ACUTE TOXICITIES (TABLE 22-2) 525
V. ONCOLOGIC EMERGENCIES1,4,5 529
VI. HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION (HSCT)1,6 532
VII. COMMON COMPLICATIONS OF BONE MARROW TRANSPLANTATION1,6 534
VIII. HEMATOLOGIC CARE AND COMPLICATIONS1 536
IX. NAUSEA TREATMENT IN CANCER PATIENTS1 537
X. ANTIMICROBIAL PROPHYLAXIS IN ONCOLOGY PATIENTS (TABLE 22-3) 538
XI. BEYOND CHILDHOOD CANCER: TREATING A CANCER SURVIVOR1,7,8 538
REFERENCES 539
Chapter 23 - Palliative Care 540
I. PALLIATIVE CARE 540
II. COMMUNICATION AND DECISION MAKING 541
III. LEGACY AND MEMORY MAKING 543
IV. DECISIONS TO LIMIT INTERVENTIONS 543
V. BODY, MIND, AND SPIRIT CHANGES AS DEATH APPROACHES9 544
VI. LAST HOURS: MEDICATION AND MANAGEMENT10 (TABLE 23-2) 545
VII. DEATH PRONOUNCEMENT11 545
VIII. AFTER DEATH—BEREAVEMENT11 547
REFERENCES 547
Chapter 24 - Pulmonology 549
I. WEBSITES 549
II. RESPIRATORY PHYSICAL EXAMINATION 549
III. EVALUATION OF PULMONARY GAS EXCHANGE 549
IV. PULMONARY FUNCTION TESTS 551
V. APPARENT LIFE-THREATENING EVENT (ALTE)12,13 556
VI. ASTHMA15 558
VII. BRONCHIOLITIS16 565
VIII. BRONCHOPULMONARY DYSPLASIA(BPD)17-19 566
IX. CYSTIC FIBROSIS (CF)20-22 566
X. OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA SYNDROME (OSAS)23-26 568
XI. SUDDEN INFANT DEATH SYNDROME27 570
REFERENCES 570
Chapter 25 - Radiology 572
I. GENERAL PEDIATRIC PRINCIPLES 572
II. HEAD 2 572
III. EYES 4 573
IV. SPINE 573
V. AIRWAY 3 576
VI. CHEST3,4 577
VII. HEART AND VESSELS 3 583
VIII. ABDOMEN3-5 584
IX. GENITOURINARY TRACT 3 589
X. EXTREMITIES 3,5 589
REFERENCES 601
Chapter 26 - Rheumatology 602
I. WEBSITE 602
II. LABORATORY STUDIES 602
III. ARTHRITIDES 606
IV. SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS 609
V. VASCULITIS 612
VI. GRANULOMATOUS DISEASE 615
VII. OTHER RHEUMATIC DISEASES 616.e1
REFERENCES 617
PART III - REFERENCE 619
Chapter 27 - Blood Chemistries and Body Fluids 621
I. REFERENCE VALUES (TABLE 27-1) 621
II. EVALUATION OF BODY FLUIDS 630
III. CONVERSION FORMULAS 633
REFERENCES 633
Chapter 28 - Biostatistics and Evidence-Based Medicine 634
I. WEBSITES 634
II. EVIDENCE-BASED MEDICINE 634
III. BIOSTATISTICS FOR MEDICAL LITERATURE 635
REFERENCES 641
PART IV - FORMULARY 643
Chapter 29 - Drug Dosages 645
I. NOTE TO READER 645
II. SAMPLE ENTRY 647
III. EXPLANATION OF BREAST-FEEDING CATEGORIES 648
IV. EXPLANATION OF PREGNANCY CATEGORIES 648
V. DRUG INDEX 648
Bibliography 985
Chapter 30 - Formulary Adjunct 987
I. WEBSITES 987
II. SYSTEMIC CORTICOSTEROIDS 987
III. INHALED CORTICOSTEROIDS FOR AIRWAY INFLAMMATION 987
IV. TOPICAL CORTICOSTEROIDS 987
V. COMMON INSULIN FORMULATIONS 987
VI. PANCREATIC ENZYME SUPPLEMENTS 987
VII. COMMON INDUCERS AND INHIBITORS OF THE CYTOCHROME P450 SYSTEM 987
VIII. OPHTHALMIC DRUGS 987
IX. PSYCHIATRIC DRUG FORMULARY 993
X. CHEMOTHERAPEUTIC AGENTS 993
XI. OXIDIZING AGENTS AND GLUCOSE-6-PHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE (G6PD) DEFICIENCY 993
REFERENCE 993
Chapter 31 - Drugs in Renal Failure 994
I. DOSE ADJUSTMENT METHODS 994
II. Antimicrobials Requiring Adjustment in Renal Failure (Table 31-1) 994
III. NON-ANTIMICROBIALS REQUIRING ADJUSTMENT IN RENAL FAILURE (TABLE 31-2) 994
REFERENCES 1017
Index 1019
Pediatric Advanced Life Support (PALS) Algorithms Part 1 1134
Color Plates CP1
Pediatric Advanced Life Support (PALS) Algorithms Part 2 IBC