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Book Details
Abstract
With portable, hand-carried ultrasound devices being more frequently implemented in medicine today, Point-of-Care Ultrasound will be a welcome resource for any physician or health care practitioner looking to further their knowledge and skills in point-of-care ultrasound. This comprehensive, portable handbook offers an easy-access format that provides comprehensive, non-specialty-specific guidance on this ever-evolving technology.
- Consult this title on your favorite e-reader , conduct rapid searches, and adjust font sizes for optimal readability.
- Access all the facts with focused chapters covering a diverse range of topics, as well as case-based examples that include ultrasound scans.
- Understand the pearls and pitfalls of point-of-care ultrasound through contributions from experts at more than 30 institutions.
- View techniques more clearly than ever before. Illustrations and photos include transducer position, cross-sectional anatomy, ultrasound cross sections, and ultrasound images.
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Front Cover | Cover | ||
| IFC\r | IFC | ||
| Point-of-Care\rUltrasound | iii | ||
| Copyright | iv | ||
| CONTRIBUTORS | v | ||
| Dedication | ix | ||
| PREFACE | xi | ||
| ACKNOWLEDGMENTS | xii | ||
| CONTENTS | xiii | ||
| SECTION 1 - Fundamental Principles of Ultrasound | 1 | ||
| Chapter 1 - Evolution of Point-of-Care Ultrasound | 3 | ||
| Background | 3 | ||
| History | 3 | ||
| Key Considerations | 5 | ||
| Vision | 8 | ||
| References | 8.e1 | ||
| Chapter 2 - Ultrasound Physics | 9 | ||
| Background | 9 | ||
| Principles | 9 | ||
| Resolution | 11 | ||
| Generation of Ultrasound Images | 12 | ||
| Modes | 13 | ||
| References | 18.e1 | ||
| Chapter 3 - Transducers | 19 | ||
| Background | 19 | ||
| Transducer Construction | 19 | ||
| Resolution | 19 | ||
| Transducer Types | 20 | ||
| References | 24.e1 | ||
| Chapter 4 - Orientation | 25 | ||
| Introduction | 25 | ||
| Operator Orientation | 25 | ||
| Screen Orientation | 25 | ||
| Transducer Orientation | 26 | ||
| Patient Orientation | 27 | ||
| Imaging Planes | 27 | ||
| Needle Orientation | 29 | ||
| References | 31.e1 | ||
| Chapter 5 - Basic Operation of an Ultrasound Machine | 32 | ||
| Preparation | 32 | ||
| Image Acquisition | 33 | ||
| Postexamination | 37 | ||
| References | 37.e1 | ||
| Chapter 6 - Imaging Artifacts | 38 | ||
| Introduction | 38 | ||
| Artifacts of Wave Propagation | 38 | ||
| Artifacts due to Velocity Errors | 40 | ||
| Artifacts due to Beam Characteristics | 41 | ||
| Artifacts due to Wave Attenuation | 42 | ||
| References | 46.e1 | ||
| SECTION 2 - Lungs and Pleura | 47 | ||
| Chapter 7 - Overview | 49 | ||
| Background | 49 | ||
| Indications and Applications | 49 | ||
| Limitations | 50 | ||
| References | 50.e1 | ||
| Chapter 8 - Lung and Pleural Ultrasound Technique | 51 | ||
| Background | 51 | ||
| Normal Anatomy | 51 | ||
| Image Acquisition | 52 | ||
| Image Interpretation | 57 | ||
| References | 58.e1 | ||
| Chapter 9 - Lung Ultrasound Interpretation | 59 | ||
| Background | 59 | ||
| Image Interpretation | 59 | ||
| References | 69.e1 | ||
| Chapter 10 - Pleural Ultrasound Interpretation | 70 | ||
| Background | 70 | ||
| Technique | 70 | ||
| Pleural Effusion | 71 | ||
| Solid Pleural Pathology | 73 | ||
| References | 74.e1 | ||
| Chapter 11 - Lung and Pleural Procedures | 75 | ||
| Background | 75 | ||
| Equipment | 75 | ||
| Patient Positioning | 75 | ||
| Thoracentesis | 76 | ||
| Ultrasound-Guided Tube Thoracostomy | 78 | ||
| Transthoracic Biopsy Procedures | 78 | ||
| Pleural Biopsy | 80 | ||
| Anterior Mediastinal Biopsy | 80 | ||
| References | 82.e1 | ||
| SECTION 3 - Heart | 83 | ||
| Chapter 12 - Overview | 85 | ||
| Background | 85 | ||
| Indications and Applications | 85 | ||
| Literature Review | 87 | ||
| Limitations | 87 | ||
| Training | 88 | ||
| References | 88.e1 | ||
| Chapter 13 - Cardiac Ultrasound Technique | 89 | ||
| Background | 89 | ||
| Anatomy: Imaging Windows, Planes, and Views | 89 | ||
| Transducer Movements | 91 | ||
| Point-of-Care Ultrasound Perspective | 91 | ||
| Parasternal Window | 91 | ||
| Apical Window | 95 | ||
| Subcostal Window | 99 | ||
| References | 102.e1 | ||
| Chapter 14 - Left Ventricular Function | 103 | ||
| Background | 103 | ||
| Interpretation of Left Ventricular Systolic Function | 103 | ||
| Assessment of LV Function from Common Views | 107 | ||
| Case Studies | 109.e1 | ||
| References | 109.e2 | ||
| Chapter 15 - Right Ventricular Function | 110 | ||
| Background | 110 | ||
| Anatomy | 110 | ||
| Assessment of RV from Common Views | 112 | ||
| Interpretation of RV Size and Function | 113 | ||
| Case Studies | 118.e1 | ||
| References | 118.e2 | ||
| Chapter 16 - Valves | 119 | ||
| Background | 119 | ||
| General Considerations | 120 | ||
| Pathologic Findings | 122 | ||
| Aortic Regurgitation | 123 | ||
| Tricuspid Regurgitation | 124 | ||
| Stenotic Valvular Lesions | 125 | ||
| Case Studies | 125.e1 | ||
| References | 125.e3 | ||
| Chapter 17 - Pericardial Effusion | 126 | ||
| Background | 126 | ||
| Image Interpretation | 126 | ||
| Pathologic Findings | 129 | ||
| Pericardiocentesis | 132 | ||
| Case Studies | 134.e1 | ||
| References | 134.e3 | ||
| Chapter 18 - Inferior Vena Cava | 135 | ||
| Background | 135 | ||
| Anatomy | 135 | ||
| Indications and Applications | 135 | ||
| Image Acquisition | 137 | ||
| Image Interpretation | 138 | ||
| Case Studies | 142.e1 | ||
| References | 142.e3 | ||
| SECTION 4 - Abdomen and Pelvis | 143 | ||
| Chapter 19 - Gallbladder | 145 | ||
| Background | 145 | ||
| Normal Anatomy | 146 | ||
| Image Acquisition | 146 | ||
| Pathologic Findings | 149 | ||
| Case Studies | 152.e1 | ||
| References | 152.e3 | ||
| Chapter 20 - Kidneys | 153 | ||
| Background | 153 | ||
| Normal Anatomy | 153 | ||
| Image Acquisition | 154 | ||
| Image Interpretation | 154 | ||
| Pathologic Findings | 155 | ||
| Renal Calculus | 159 | ||
| Renal Cyst | 159 | ||
| Renal Mass | 160 | ||
| Case Studies | 161.e1 | ||
| References | 161.e3 | ||
| Chapter 21 - Bladder | 162 | ||
| Background | 162 | ||
| Normal Anatomy | 162 | ||
| Image Acquisition | 162 | ||
| Pathologic Findings | 165 | ||
| Case Studies | 166.e1 | ||
| References | 166.e2 | ||
| Chapter 22 - Abdominal Aorta | 167 | ||
| Background | 167 | ||
| Normal Anatomy | 167 | ||
| Image Acquisition | 167 | ||
| Image Interpretation | 170 | ||
| Pathologic Findings | 170 | ||
| Case Studies | 173.e1 | ||
| References | 173.e3 | ||
| Chapter 23 - Peritoneal Free Fluid | 174 | ||
| Background | 174 | ||
| Normal Anatomy | 174 | ||
| Image Acquisition | 175 | ||
| Image Interpretation | 179 | ||
| Pathologic Findings | 180 | ||
| Other Pathologies | 180 | ||
| Paracentesis | 180 | ||
| Case Studies | 183.e1 | ||
| References | 183.e2 | ||
| Chapter 24 - First-Trimester Pregnancy | 184 | ||
| Background | 184 | ||
| Normal Anatomy | 185 | ||
| Image Acquisition | 186 | ||
| Image Interpretation | 189 | ||
| Clinical Application of First-Trimester Pelvic Ultrasound | 196 | ||
| Case Studies | 198.e1 | ||
| References | 198.e3 | ||
| Chapter 25 - Testicular Ultrasound | 199 | ||
| Background | 199 | ||
| Normal Anatomy | 199 | ||
| Image Acquisition | 199 | ||
| Normal Findings | 199 | ||
| Pathologic Findings | 205 | ||
| Inguinal Hernia | 206 | ||
| Case Studies | 208.e1 | ||
| References | 208.e2 | ||
| SECTION 5 - Vascular System | 209 | ||
| Chapter 26 - Lower Extremity Deep Venous Thrombosis | 211 | ||
| Background | 211 | ||
| Anatomy | 211 | ||
| Image Acquisition | 212 | ||
| Normal and Pathologic Findings | 215 | ||
| Case Study | 215.e1 | ||
| References | 215.e2 | ||
| Chapter 27 - Upper Extremity Deep Venous Thrombosis | 216 | ||
| Background | 216 | ||
| Anatomy | 216 | ||
| Image Acquisition | 217 | ||
| Image Interpretation | 218 | ||
| Case Studies | 224.e1 | ||
| References | 224.e3 | ||
| Chapter 28 - Central Venous Access | 225 | ||
| Background | 225 | ||
| Internal Jugular Vein Catheterization | 226 | ||
| Transverse versus Longitudinal Approach | 229 | ||
| Subclavian and Axillary Vein Catheterization | 229 | ||
| References | 232.e1 | ||
| Chapter 29 - Peripheral Venous Access | 233 | ||
| Background | 233 | ||
| Differentiating Arteries and Veins | 233 | ||
| Normal Anatomy | 233 | ||
| Technique | 233 | ||
| References | 236.e1 | ||
| Chapter 30 - Arterial Access | 237 | ||
| Background | 237 | ||
| Anatomy | 237 | ||
| Technique | 239 | ||
| Complications | 241 | ||
| References | 242.e1 | ||
| SECTION 6 - Head and Neck | 243 | ||
| Chapter 31 - Ocular Ultrasound | 245 | ||
| Background | 245 | ||
| Normal Anatomy | 245 | ||
| Image Acquisition | 247 | ||
| Pathologic Findings | 248 | ||
| Vitreous Hemorrhage | 250 | ||
| Lens Dislocation | 250 | ||
| Intraocular Foreign Body | 251 | ||
| Extraocular Movements and Pupillary Reflex | 252 | ||
| Globe Rupture | 252 | ||
| Central Retinal Artery and Central Retinal Vein Occlusion | 253 | ||
| References | 253.e3 | ||
| Chapter 32 - Thyroid Gland | 254 | ||
| Background | 254 | ||
| Normal Anatomy | 254 | ||
| Image Acquisition | 255 | ||
| Image Interpretation | 255 | ||
| Thyroid Fine-Needle Aspiration | 260 | ||
| Conclusion | 261 | ||
| Case Studies | 261.e1 | ||
| References | 261.e4 | ||
| Chapter 33 - Lymph Nodes | 262 | ||
| Background | 262 | ||
| Normal Anatomy | 262 | ||
| Image Acquisition | 262 | ||
| Image Interpretation | 263 | ||
| Lymph Node Biopsy | 264 | ||
| Case Study | 268.e1 | ||
| References | 268.e2 | ||
| SECTION 7 - Nervous System | 269 | ||
| Chapter 34 - Peripheral Nerve Blocks | 271 | ||
| Background | 271 | ||
| Indications | 271 | ||
| Patient Selection | 271 | ||
| Peripheral Nerve Injury | 272 | ||
| Positioning | 272 | ||
| Supplies | 272 | ||
| Anesthetic Agent | 272 | ||
| Identification of Nerves | 272 | ||
| Needle Orientation | 273 | ||
| Femoral Nerve Block | 274 | ||
| Distal Sciatic Nerve Block | 277 | ||
| Brachial Plexus Nerve Block: Interscalene Approach | 278 | ||
| Case Studies | 282.e1 | ||
| References | 282.e2 | ||
| Chapter 35 - Lumbar Puncture | 283 | ||
| Background | 283 | ||
| Anatomy | 283 | ||
| Technique | 284 | ||
| Ultrasound Exam | 285 | ||
| Lumbar Puncture | 288 | ||
| References | 290.e1 | ||
| SECTION 8 - Soft Tissues and Joints | 291 | ||
| Chapter 36 - Skin and Soft Tissues | 293 | ||
| Background | 293 | ||
| Image Acquisition | 294 | ||
| Pathologic Findings | 294 | ||
| References | 298.e4 | ||
| Chapter 37 - Joints | 299 | ||
| Background | 299 | ||
| Special Considerations | 299 | ||
| Image Acquisition | 300 | ||
| Elbow | 304 | ||
| Wrist | 304 | ||
| Hip | 308 | ||
| Knee | 310 | ||
| Ankle | 312 | ||
| Pathologic Findings | 315 | ||
| Synovitis | 316 | ||
| Erosions | 317 | ||
| Crystal Deposition | 317 | ||
| Tenosynovitis/Retinaculitis | 318 | ||
| Enthesitis | 319 | ||
| Bursitis | 319 | ||
| Arthrocentesis | 320 | ||
| Case Studies | 324.e1 | ||
| References | 324.e3 | ||
| SECTION 9 - Clinical Scenarios and Protocols | 325 | ||
| Chapter 38 - Dyspnea and Acute Respiratory Failure | 327 | ||
| Background | 327 | ||
| General Principles | 327 | ||
| Case Studies | 328 | ||
| Conclusions | 333 | ||
| References | 333.e1 | ||
| Chapter 39 - Abdominal Pain | 334 | ||
| Background | 334 | ||
| Unstable Patients | 334 | ||
| Stable Patients | 336 | ||
| Conclusion | 338 | ||
| References | 338.e1 | ||
| Chapter 40 - Hypotension and Shock | 339 | ||
| Case Studies | 341 | ||
| References | 349.e1 | ||
| Chapter 41 - Trauma | 350 | ||
| Background | 350 | ||
| General Principles | 350 | ||
| Case Studies | 351 | ||
| Summary | 358 | ||
| References | 358.e1 | ||
| Chapter 42 - Cardiac Arrest | 359 | ||
| Background | 359 | ||
| Diagnostic Approach | 359 | ||
| Prognosis | 361 | ||
| Technique | 361 | ||
| Protocols and Algorithms | 362 | ||
| Case Studies | 364 | ||
| References | 366.e1 | ||
| SECTION 10 - Ultrasound Program Management | 367 | ||
| Chapter 43 - Competence, Credentialing, and Certification | 369 | ||
| Background | 369 | ||
| Definitions | 370 | ||
| Certification | 372 | ||
| Initial Credentialing and Privileging | 372 | ||
| Maintenance of Competency | 372 | ||
| Reprivileging | 373 | ||
| Conclusions | 373 | ||
| References | 373.e1 | ||
| Chapter 44 - Equipment, Image Archiving, and Billing | 374 | ||
| Background | 374 | ||
| Ultrasound Equipment | 374 | ||
| Workflow | 376 | ||
| Billing | 377 | ||
| Medical-Legal Issues | 378 | ||
| References | 378.e1 | ||
| INDEX | 379 | ||
| IBC | IBC |