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Book Details
Abstract
Understand all the essential concepts in immunology with Basic Immunology: Functions and Disorders of the Immune System! This concise, focused text provides you with an up-to-date, accessible introduction to the workings of the human immune system.
- Efficiently master the immunology information you need through clinically focused content, logically organized by mechanism.
- Apply what you've learned to real-world situations by referencing the appendix of clinical cases.
- Enhance your learning with the help of numerous full-color illustrations and useful tables, as well as summary boxes, review questions, and a glossary of immunology terms.
- Study immunology anywhere! Online access to www.StudentConsult.com opens the door to an enhanced e-book and ancillary components!
- Visualize complex immunology concepts with a completely updated art program.
- Test your knowledge. New PowerPoint Review slides added to www.StudentConsult.com are ideal for study sessions.
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Front cover | cover | ||
| Student Consult page | ifc_2 | ||
| Basic Immunology, 4/e | i | ||
| Copyright page | iv | ||
| Dedication | v | ||
| Preface | vii | ||
| Table of Contents | ix | ||
| 1 Introduction to the Immune System | 1 | ||
| Innate and Adaptive Immunity | 3 | ||
| Types of Adaptive Immunity | 4 | ||
| Properties of Adaptive Immune Responses | 5 | ||
| Specificity and Diversity | 6 | ||
| Memory | 6 | ||
| Other Features of Adaptive Immunity | 7 | ||
| Cells of the Immune System | 7 | ||
| Lymphocytes | 8 | ||
| Antigen-Presenting Cells | 13 | ||
| Effector Cells | 13 | ||
| Tissues of the Immune System | 13 | ||
| Peripheral Lymphoid Organs | 13 | ||
| Lymphocyte Recirculation and Migration into Tissues | 17 | ||
| Overview of Immune Responses to Microbes | 18 | ||
| Early Innate Immune Response to Microbes | 18 | ||
| Adaptive Immune Response | 19 | ||
| Capture and Display of Microbial Antigens | 19 | ||
| Cell-Mediated Immunity: Activation of T Lymphocytes and Elimination of Cell-Associated Microbes | 19 | ||
| Humoral Immunity: Activation of B Lymphocytes and Elimination of Extracellular Microbes | 20 | ||
| Decline of Immune Responses and Immunologic Memory | 21 | ||
| Summary | 21 | ||
| Review Questions | 22 | ||
| 2 Innate Immunity | 23 | ||
| General Features and Specificity of Innate Immune Responses | 24 | ||
| Cellular Receptors for Microbes and Damaged Cells | 26 | ||
| Toll-Like Receptors | 26 | ||
| NOD-Like Receptors and the Inflammasome | 27 | ||
| Other Cellular Receptors of Innate Immunity | 29 | ||
| Components of Innate Immunity | 29 | ||
| Epithelial Barriers | 29 | ||
| Phagocytes: Neutrophils and Monocytes/Macrophages | 31 | ||
| Dendritic Cells | 34 | ||
| Mast Cells | 34 | ||
| Natural Killer Cells | 34 | ||
| Other Classes of Lymphocytes | 36 | ||
| Complement System | 36 | ||
| Other Plasma Proteins of Innate Immunity | 38 | ||
| Cytokines of Innate Immunity | 38 | ||
| Innate Immune Reactions | 40 | ||
| Inflammation | 41 | ||
| Recruitment of Phagocytes to Sites of Infection and Tissue Damage | 41 | ||
| Phagocytosis and Destruction of Microbes | 43 | ||
| Antiviral Defense | 44 | ||
| Regulation of Innate Immune Responses | 44 | ||
| MicrobIAL Evasion of Innate Immunity | 44 | ||
| Role of Innate Immunity in Stimulating Adaptive Immune Responses | 45 | ||
| Summary | 47 | ||
| Review Questions | 48 | ||
| 3 Antigen Capture and Presentation to Lymphocytes | 49 | ||
| Antigens Recognized by T Lymphocytes | 50 | ||
| Capture of Protein Antigens by Antigen-Presenting Cells | 51 | ||
| Structure and Function of Major Histocompatibility Complex Molecules | 54 | ||
| Structure of MHC Molecules | 55 | ||
| Properties of MHC Genes and Proteins | 56 | ||
| Peptide Binding to MHC Molecules | 58 | ||
| Processing and Presentation of Protein Antigens | 61 | ||
| Processing of Internalized Antigens for Display by Class II MHC Molecules | 62 | ||
| Processing of Cytosolic Antigens for Display by Class I MHC Molecules | 64 | ||
| Cross-Presentation of Internalized Antigens to CD8+ T Cells | 65 | ||
| Physiologic Significance of MHC-Associated Antigen Presentation | 66 | ||
| Functions of Antigen-Presenting Cells in Addition to Antigen Display | 68 | ||
| Antigens Recognized by B Cells and Other Lymphocytes | 68 | ||
| Summary | 68 | ||
| Review Questions | 69 | ||
| 4 Antigen Recognition in the Adaptive Immune System | 71 | ||
| Antigen Receptors of Lymphocytes | 72 | ||
| Antibodies | 74 | ||
| T Cell Receptors for Antigens | 78 | ||
| Development of Immune Repertoires | 80 | ||
| Early Lymphocyte Development | 81 | ||
| Production of Diverse Antigen Receptors | 82 | ||
| Maturation and Selection of B Lymphocytes | 87 | ||
| Maturation and Selection of T Lymphocytes | 88 | ||
| Summary | 90 | ||
| Review Questions | 91 | ||
| 5 T Cell–Mediated Immunity | 93 | ||
| Phases of T Cell Responses | 94 | ||
| Antigen Recognition and Costimulation | 97 | ||
| Recognition of MHC-Associated Peptides | 97 | ||
| Role of Adhesion Molecules in T Cell Responses | 99 | ||
| Role of Costimulation in T Cell Activation | 100 | ||
| Stimuli for Activation of CD8+ T Cells | 101 | ||
| Biochemical Pathways of T Cell Activation | 102 | ||
| Functional Responses of T Lymphocytes to Antigen and Costimulation | 105 | ||
| Secretion of Cytokines and Expression of Cytokine Receptors | 105 | ||
| Clonal Expansion | 107 | ||
| Differentiation of Naive T Cells into Effector Cells | 108 | ||
| Subsets of CD4 + Helper T Cells Distinguished by Cytokine Profiles | 109 | ||
| Functions of CD4+ T Cell Subsets | 110 | ||
| The TH1 Subset | 110 | ||
| The TH2 subset | 111 | ||
| The TH17 Subset | 111 | ||
| Development of TH1, TH2, and TH17 Subsets | 112 | ||
| TH1 Differentiation | 113 | ||
| TH2 Differentiation | 113 | ||
| TH17 Differentiation | 114 | ||
| Differentiation of CD8+ T Cells into CTLs | 114 | ||
| Development of Memory T Lymphocytes | 114 | ||
| Decline of the Immune Response | 115 | ||
| Summary | 115 | ||
| Review Questions | 116 | ||
| 6 Effector Mechanisms of T Cell–Mediated Immunity | 117 | ||
| Types of T Cell–Mediated Immune Reactions | 117 | ||
| Migration of T Lymphocytes in Cell-Mediated Immune Reactions | 118 | ||
| Effector Functions of CD4+ Helper T Lymphocytes | 122 | ||
| Role of TH1 Cells in Host Defense | 122 | ||
| Role of TH17 Cells in Host Defense | 124 | ||
| Role of TH2 Cells in Host Defense | 125 | ||
| Effector Functions of CD8+ Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes | 125 | ||
| Resistance of Pathogenic Microbes to Cell-Mediated Immunity | 127 | ||
| Summary | 129 | ||
| Review Questions | 130 | ||
| 7 Humoral Immune Responses | 131 | ||
| Phases and Types of Humoral Immune Responses | 132 | ||
| Stimulation of B Lymphocytes by Antigen | 135 | ||
| Antigen-Induced Signaling in B Cells | 135 | ||
| Role of Complement Proteins and Other Innate Immune Signals in B Cell Activation | 136 | ||
| Functional Consequences of B Cell Activation by Antigen | 137 | ||
| Function of Helper T Lymphocytes in Humoral Immune Responses to Protein Antigens | 138 | ||
| Activation and Migration of Helper T Cells | 139 | ||
| Presentation of Antigens by B Lymphocytes to Helper T Cells | 140 | ||
| Mechanisms of Helper T Cell–Mediated Activation of B Lymphocytes | 141 | ||
| Extrafollicular and Germinal Center Reactions | 141 | ||
| Heavy-Chain Isotype (Class) Switching | 142 | ||
| Affinity Maturation | 145 | ||
| Antibody Responses to T-Independent Antigens | 146 | ||
| Regulation of Humoral Immune Responses: Antibody Feedback | 148 | ||
| Summary | 149 | ||
| Review Questions | 150 | ||
| 8 Effector Mechanisms of Humoral Immunity | 151 | ||
| Properties of Antibodies that Determine Effector Function | 152 | ||
| Neutralization of Microbes and Microbial Toxins | 154 | ||
| Opsonization and Phagocytosis | 157 | ||
| Antibody-Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity | 157 | ||
| IMMunoglobulin E– and Eosinophil/Mast Cell–Mediated Reactions | 157 | ||
| The Complement System | 158 | ||
| Pathways of Complement Activation | 158 | ||
| Functions of the Complement System | 161 | ||
| Regulation of Complement Activation | 163 | ||
| Functions of Antibodies at Special Anatomic Sites | 164 | ||
| Mucosal Immunity | 166 | ||
| Neonatal Immunity | 166 | ||
| Evasion of Humoral Immunity by Microbes | 167 | ||
| Vaccination | 168 | ||
| Summary | 169 | ||
| Review Questions | 170 | ||
| 9 Immunological Tolerance and Autoimmunity | 171 | ||
| Immunological Tolerance: Significance and Mechanisms | 172 | ||
| Central T Lymphocyte Tolerance | 172 | ||
| Peripheral T Lymphocyte Tolerance | 174 | ||
| Anergy | 175 | ||
| Immune Suppression by Regulatory T Cells | 177 | ||
| Deletion: Apoptosis of Mature Lymphocytes | 178 | ||
| B Lymphocyte Tolerance | 179 | ||
| Central B Cell Tolerance | 180 | ||
| Peripheral B Cell Tolerance | 181 | ||
| Autoimmunity | 182 | ||
| Pathogenesis | 182 | ||
| Genetic Factors | 183 | ||
| Role of Infections and Other Environmental Influences | 184 | ||
| Summary | 186 | ||
| Review Questions | 187 | ||
| 10 Immune Responses against Tumors and Transplants | 189 | ||
| Immune Responses Against Tumors | 190 | ||
| Tumor Antigens | 190 | ||
| Immune Mechanisms of Tumor Rejection | 192 | ||
| Evasion of Immune Responses by Tumors | 193 | ||
| Immunologic Approaches for Cancer Therapy | 194 | ||
| Immune Responses against Transplants | 196 | ||
| Transplantation Antigens | 196 | ||
| Induction of Immune Responses Against Transplants | 198 | ||
| Immune Mechanisms of Graft Rejection | 199 | ||
| Prevention and Treatment of Graft Rejection | 201 | ||
| Transplantation of Blood Cells and Hematopoietic Stem Cells | 202 | ||
| Maternal Tolerance to Fetal Tissues | 204 | ||
| Summary | 204 | ||
| Review Questions | 205 | ||
| 11 Hypersensitivity | 207 | ||
| Types of Hypersensitivity Reactions | 207 | ||
| Immediate Hypersensitivity | 209 | ||
| Activation of TH2 Cells and Production of IgE Antibody | 209 | ||
| Activation of Mast Cells and Secretion of Mediators | 211 | ||
| Clinical Syndromes and Therapy | 213 | ||
| Diseases Caused by Antibodies and Antigen-Antibody Complexes | 215 | ||
| Etiology of Antibody-Mediated Diseases | 215 | ||
| Mechanisms of Tissue Injury and Disease | 216 | ||
| Clinical Syndromes and Therapy | 216 | ||
| Diseases Caused by T Lymphocytes | 218 | ||
| Etiology of T Cell–Mediated Diseases | 218 | ||
| Mechanisms of Tissue Injury | 219 | ||
| Clinical Syndromes and Therapy | 221 | ||
| Summary | 221 | ||
| Review Questions | 223 | ||
| 12 Congenital and Acquired Immunodeficiencies | 225 | ||
| Congenital (Primary) Immunodeficiencies | 226 | ||
| Defects in Lymphocyte Maturation | 226 | ||
| Defects in Lymphocyte Activation and Function | 229 | ||
| Defects in Innate Immunity | 230 | ||
| Lymphocyte Abnormalities Associated with Other Diseases | 233 | ||
| Acquired (Secondary) Immunodeficiencies | 233 | ||
| Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome | 234 | ||
| Human Immunodeficiency Virus | 234 | ||
| Pathogenesis of AIDS | 234 | ||
| Clinical Features of HIV Infection and AIDS | 237 | ||
| Therapy and Vaccination Strategies | 239 | ||
| Summary | 239 | ||
| Review Questions | 240 | ||
| Suggested Readings | 241 | ||
| Chapter 1 | 241 | ||
| Chapter 2 | 241 | ||
| Chapter 3 | 241 | ||
| Chapter 4 | 242 | ||
| Chapter 5 | 242 | ||
| Chapter 6 | 243 | ||
| Chapter 7 | 243 | ||
| Chapter 8 | 243 | ||
| Chapter 9 | 244 | ||
| Chapter 10 | 244 | ||
| Chapter 11 | 245 | ||
| Chapter 12 | 245 | ||
| Appendix I Glossary | 247 | ||
| Appendix II Major Cytokines | 283 | ||
| Appendix III Principal Features of Select CD Molecules | 287 | ||
| Appendix IV Clinical Cases | 295 | ||
| Case 1: Lymphoma | 295 | ||
| Answers to Questions for Case 1 | 296 | ||
| Case 2: Heart Transplantation Complicated By Allograft Rejection | 297 | ||
| Answers to Questions for Case 2 | 298 | ||
| Case 3: Allergic Asthma | 299 | ||
| Answers to Questions for Case 3 | 301 | ||
| Case 4: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus | 301 | ||
| Answers to Questions for Case 4 | 302 | ||
| Case 5: Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection And Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome | 303 | ||
| Answers to Questions for Case 5 | 304 | ||
| Answers to Review Questions | e1 | ||
| Chapter 1 | e1 | ||
| Chapter 2 | e1 | ||
| Chapter 3 | e2 | ||
| Chapter 4 | e2 | ||
| Chapter 5 | e3 | ||
| Chapter 6 | e3 | ||
| Chapter 7 | e4 | ||
| Chapter 8 | e5 | ||
| Chapter 9 | e5 | ||
| Chapter 10 | e7 | ||
| Chapter 11 | e8 | ||
| Chapter 12 | e9 | ||
| INDEX | 307 | ||
| A | 307 | ||
| B | 308 | ||
| C | 309 | ||
| D | 310 | ||
| E | 311 | ||
| F | 311 | ||
| G | 311 | ||
| H | 311 | ||
| I | 312 | ||
| J | 314 | ||
| K | 315 | ||
| L | 315 | ||
| M | 315 | ||
| N | 316 | ||
| O | 316 | ||
| P | 316 | ||
| R | 317 | ||
| S | 318 | ||
| T | 319 | ||
| U | 320 | ||
| V | 320 | ||
| W | 320 | ||
| X | 320 | ||
| Z | 320 |