BOOK
Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases E-Book
John E. Bennett | Raphael Dolin | Martin J. Blaser
(2014)
Additional Information
Book Details
Abstract
After thirty five years, Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett’s Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases, 8th Edition is still the reference of choice for comprehensive, global guidance on diagnosing and treating the most challenging infectious diseases. Drs. John E. Bennett and Raphael Dolin along with new editorial team member Dr. Martin Blaser have meticulously updated this latest edition to save you time and to ensure you have the latest clinical and scientific knowledge at your fingertips. With new chapters, expanded and updated coverage, increased worldwide perspectives, and many new contributors, Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett’s Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases, 8th Edition helps you identify and treat whatever infectious disease you see.
- Get the answers to any questions you have with more in-depth coverage of epidemiology, etiology, pathology, microbiology, immunology, and treatment of infectious agents than you’ll find in any other ID resource.
- Apply the latest knowledge with updated diagnoses and treatments for currently recognized and newly emerging infectious diseases, such as those caused by avian and swine influenza viruses.
- Put the latest knowledge to work in your practice with new or completely revised chapters on Influenza (new pandemic strains); New Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) Virus; Probiotics; Antibiotics for resistant bacteria; Antifungal drugs; New Antivirals for hepatitis B and C; Clostridium difficile treatment; Sepsis; Advances in HIV prevention and treatment; Viral gastroenteritis; Lyme Disease; Helicobacter pylori; Malaria; Infections in immunocompromised hosts; Immunization (new vaccines and new recommendations); and Microbiome.
- Benefit from fresh perspectives and expanded global insights from an expanded team of American and International contributors. Martin Blaser, MD, a leading expert and Muriel G. and George W. Singer Professional of Translational Medicine at New York University School of Medicine, joins veteran PPID editors John E. Bennett, MD, and Raphael Dolin, MD to continue a legacy of excellence.
- Find and grasp the information you need easily and rapidly with newly added chapter summaries.
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| 9780323263733v1_WEB.pdf | 1 | ||
| Front Cover | 1 | ||
| Endsheet 2 | 2 | ||
| Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett’s Principles and Practice of INFECTIOUS DISEASES | 5 | ||
| Copyright Page | 6 | ||
| Contributors | 7 | ||
| Preface to the Eighth Edition | 29 | ||
| Table Of Contents | 30 | ||
| I Basic Principles in the Diagnosis and Management of Infectious Diseases | 41 | ||
| A Microbial Pathogenesis | 41 | ||
| 1 A Molecular Perspective of Microbial Pathogenicity | 41 | ||
| Keywords | 42 | ||
| Diversity of Human-Microbe Relationships | 41 | ||
| Attributes of Microbial Pathogens | 43 | ||
| Clonal Nature of Bacterial Pathogens | 45 | ||
| Genomics and the Evolution of Pathogenicity | 46 | ||
| Regulation of Bacterial Pathogenicity | 47 | ||
| Microbial Pathogens as Intracellular Parasites | 48 | ||
| Subversion of Host Cellular Processes and Immune Defenses | 49 | ||
| Identification and Characterization of Virulence Genes | 50 | ||
| Molecular Microbiology at the Bedside: Pathogen Detection, Pathogen Discovery, and Genomic Profiling | 50 | ||
| Key References | 51 | ||
| References | 52 | ||
| 2 The Human Microbiome of Local Body Sites and Their Unique Biology | 54 | ||
| Keywords | 55 | ||
| Defining the Human Microbiome | 54 | ||
| Human Microbiome as a Complex Ecosystem Composed of Multiple Body Site Habitats and Niches | 54 | ||
| Oral Microbiome | 56 | ||
| Associations Between Oral Microbiota and Disease States | 57 | ||
| Skin and Nasopharynx | 57 | ||
| Airway and Pulmonary Microbiome | 58 | ||
| Gastrointestinal Tract | 59 | ||
| Esophagus | 59 | ||
| Stomach | 59 | ||
| Intestine (Small and Large) | 60 | ||
| Vaginal Microbiome | 60 | ||
| Bacterial Vaginosis: An Example of a Prevalent Variation in the Vaginal Microbiome | 60 | ||
| Group B Streptococcus | 61 | ||
| Alterations in the Vaginal (and Gut) Microbiota during Pregnancy | 61 | ||
| Summary and Future Directions | 61 | ||
| References | 61 | ||
| 3 Prebiotics, Probiotics, and Synbiotics | 63 | ||
| Keywords | 64 | ||
| Issues Regarding the Complexity and Variability of Probiotics | 63 | ||
| Clinical Studies of Probiotics | 63 | ||
| Proposed Mechanisms of Action of Probiotics | 65 | ||
| Potential Adverse Effects of Probiotic Therapy | 65 | ||
| Summary and Future Directions | 69 | ||
| Key References | 69 | ||
| References | 71 | ||
| B Host Defense Mechanisms | 72 | ||
| 4 Innate (General or Nonspecific) Host Defense Mechanisms | 72 | ||
| Keywords | 73 | ||
| Natural Physical Barriers to the Entry of Microorganisms Into the Body | 72 | ||
| Skin | 72 | ||
| Mucous Membranes | 72 | ||
| Respiratory Tract | 75 | ||
| Intestinal Tract | 75 | ||
| Genitourinary Tract | 76 | ||
| Eye | 76 | ||
| Innate Immunity and the Inflammatory Response | 76 | ||
| Chemokines and Chemotaxis | 76 | ||
| Phagocytosis and Autophagy | 77 | ||
| Innate Receptor Families | 77 | ||
| Pathogen Interference with Innate Immune Responses | 78 | ||
| Other Host Factors Impacting the Host-Pathogen Interaction | 79 | ||
| Metabolic Changes | 79 | ||
| Nutrition | 79 | ||
| Aging | 79 | ||
| Stress | 80 | ||
| Hormones | 80 | ||
| Key References | 80 | ||
| References | 81 | ||
| 5 Adaptive Immunity: | 83 | ||
| Keywords | 84 | ||
| Short View Summary | 83 | ||
| Immunoglobulin Structure | 83 | ||
| Basic Antibody Structure | 83 | ||
| F(ab′)2, Fab, and Fc Pieces | 83 | ||
| Antigen Binding, Affinity, and Avidity | 85 | ||
| Immunoglobulin Classes | 86 | ||
| Immunoglobulin M | 86 | ||
| Immunoglobulin G | 86 | ||
| Immunoglobulin A | 86 | ||
| Immunoglobulin D | 86 | ||
| Immunoglobulin E | 86 | ||
| Effector Functions Mediated by Antibodies | 86 | ||
| Blocking or Neutralization | 86 | ||
| Complement Activation | 87 | ||
| Opsonization | 87 | ||
| Antibody-Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity | 87 | ||
| Kinetics of Antibody Production and Diagnosis of Infections | 88 | ||
| Laboratory Measurement of Antibodies | 88 | ||
| Quantification of Total Immunoglobulin | 88 | ||
| Serum Protein Electrophoresis for Monoclonal Gammopathies | 88 | ||
| Measurement of Functional Antibody | 88 | ||
| Western Blot | 89 | ||
| Agglutination and Complement Fixation | 89 | ||
| Immunofluorescence and Immunohistochemistry | 90 | ||
| Enumeration of Antibody-Producing B Cells: The ELISPOT Assay | 90 | ||
| Assays to Measure Antigen | 90 | ||
| Measurement of Immune Complexes | 91 | ||
| B-Cell Maturation and Immunoglobulin Production | 91 | ||
| DNA Rearrangement and Generation of Diverse Antigen-Binding Sites | 91 | ||
| Deletion of Autoreactive Clones | 92 | ||
| Antigen Stimulation: First Signal | 92 | ||
| Co-receptors Amplify or Suppress Antigen Signaling | 92 | ||
| Second Signals and Interactions between B Cells and T Cells | 92 | ||
| How B Cells Find and Activate T Cells | 93 | ||
| T-Cell–Independent Antigens | 94 | ||
| Downregulation of Antibody Production | 94 | ||
| B1 Cells | 95 | ||
| Antibody-Mediated Pathology | 95 | ||
| Gell and Coombs Classification of Hypersensitivity Responses | 95 | ||
| Type I Hypersensitivity | 95 | ||
| Type II Hypersensitivity | 95 | ||
| Origin of Autoreactive Antibodies | 95 | ||
| Type III Hypersensitivity | 96 | ||
| Hypergammaglobulinemia | 96 | ||
| Immunodeficiencies | 96 | ||
| Immunoglobulin A Deficiency | 96 | ||
| Agammaglobulinemias | 96 | ||
| Hyper-Immunoglobulin M Syndrome | 97 | ||
| Common Variable Immunodeficiency | 97 | ||
| Immunoglobulin G Subclass Deficiencies | 97 | ||
| Selective Immunodeficiencies | 97 | ||
| Combined T-Cell and B-Cell Defects | 97 | ||
| Malignancies | 97 | ||
| Therapeutic Uses of Antibodies | 97 | ||
| Passive Immunization | 97 | ||
| Intravenous Immune Globulin Replacement | 97 | ||
| Monoclonal Antibodies | 98 | ||
| Key References | 98 | ||
| References | 100 | ||
| 6 Cell-Mediated Defense against Infection | 102 | ||
| Keywords | 103 | ||
| T-Cell Subsets and Phenotypic Diversity | 102 | ||
| CD4+ T Cells | 102 | ||
| Th1 Cells | 102 | ||
| Th2 Cells | 102 | ||
| Th17 Cells | 104 | ||
| T-Regulatory Cells | 105 | ||
| Helper T-Follicular Cells | 105 | ||
| Plasticity of Helper T-Cell Subsets | 105 | ||
| In Vivo CD4+ T-Cell Responses to Microbial Infection: Lessons from Mouse Models | 105 | ||
| CD8+ T Cells | 105 | ||
| T-Cell Memory | 106 | ||
| NKT Cells and T Cells with a Restricted TCR Response | 107 | ||
| T-Cell Activation | 107 | ||
| Antigen Presentation to T Lymphocytes | 107 | ||
| Major Histocompatibility Complex Structure and Peptide Binding | 107 | ||
| MHC Class I Structure | 107 | ||
| MHC Class II Structure | 108 | ||
| Mechanisms of Antigen Processing | 108 | ||
| MHC Class I Antigen-Processing Pathway | 108 | ||
| Viral Intervention with the MHC Class I Antigen-Processing Pathway | 109 | ||
| MHC Class I Cross-Priming | 110 | ||
| MHC Class II Antigen-Processing Pathway | 110 | ||
| CD1 | 111 | ||
| CD1 Protein Structure | 111 | ||
| Antigens Presented by CD1 | 111 | ||
| Cell Biology of CD1 Antigen Processing and Loading | 111 | ||
| Innate Immune Recognition: Setting the Stage for T-Cell Responses | 112 | ||
| Molecular Recognition of Microbial Products | 112 | ||
| Toll-like and C-Type Lectin Receptors | 112 | ||
| NOD-like Receptors and the Inflammasome | 113 | ||
| C-Type Lectins and Other Receptors Implicated in Innate Immune Recognition | 113 | ||
| Links between Innate Immune Recognition and Adaptive Immune Responses | 113 | ||
| Antigen-Presenting Cells | 113 | ||
| Microbial Pathogenesis and the Cellular Immune System | 114 | ||
| Viral Infections | 114 | ||
| Intracellular Bacteria | 114 | ||
| Phagosomal Pathogens | 114 | ||
| Cytoplasmic Pathogens | 115 | ||
| Extracellular Bacteria | 115 | ||
| CD1 Antigen Presentation and Host Defense against Infectious Diseases | 115 | ||
| Mycobacteria | 115 | ||
| Major Histocompatibility Complex Immunogenetics | 115 | ||
| Thymic Selection of CD4+ and CD8+ T Cells | 116 | ||
| Lymphoid Anatomy | 116 | ||
| Lymph Nodes | 116 | ||
| Spleen | 118 | ||
| Chemokine-Mediated and Integrin-Mediated Trafficking to Lymphoid Tissues | 118 | ||
| Immune Tissues Associated with Mucosal Surfaces | 118 | ||
| Primer on Basic Immunologic Techniques: Foundation of Immunologic Models | 120 | ||
| Characterizing and Measuring Pathogen-Specific Immunity | 120 | ||
| Acknowledgment | 121 | ||
| Key References | 122 | ||
| References | 123 | ||
| 7 Mucosal Immunity | 129 | ||
| Keywords | 130 | ||
| Specialization of Host Responses in Mucosal Tissues | 129 | ||
| The Challenge | 129 | ||
| Adaptation of Mucosal Immune Responses | 129 | ||
| Induction of Mucosal Immune Responses | 131 | ||
| Epithelial Cell Responses and Immunophysiology | 131 | ||
| Antigen-Presenting Cells | 131 | ||
| Innate Lymphoid Cells | 131 | ||
| Sensing Mucosal Microbiota | 132 | ||
| Sensing Metabolites | 132 | ||
| Discrimination between a “Commensal” and a “Pathogen” | 133 | ||
| Adaptive Immunity to Mucosal Stimulation | 133 | ||
| Immunologic Homeostasis in Mucosal Tissues | 134 | ||
| When Mucosal Responses Go Wrong | 134 | ||
| The Mucosal Host Response Defines Pathogenicity | 135 | ||
| Good Bugs, Bad Bugs, and the Hygiene Hypothesis | 135 | ||
| Mucosal Immunization | 136 | ||
| Role of Mucosal Immunity: Beyond the Mucosa | 136 | ||
| Role of the Microbiota in Homeostatic Networks | 136 | ||
| Conclusions | 137 | ||
| Acknowledgment | 137 | ||
| Key References | 137 | ||
| References | 138 | ||
| 8 Granulocytic Phagocytes | 141 | ||
| Keywords | 142 | ||
| Neutrophils | 141 | ||
| Development | 141 | ||
| Morphologic and Structural Characteristics | 141 | ||
| Homeostasis of the Circulating Neutrophil Population | 144 | ||
| Inflammatory Response | 144 | ||
| Priming | 145 | ||
| Step 1: Neutrophil Recruitment | 145 | ||
| Selectin-Mediated Adhesion and Rolling | 145 | ||
| β2-Integrin-Mediated Cell-Cell Interaction | 146 | ||
| Role of Chemokines in Neutrophil Recruitment | 147 | ||
| Step 2: Phagocytosis | 147 | ||
| Step 3: Fate of the Ingested Microbe | 148 | ||
| Oxidative Burst | 148 | ||
| Degranulation | 150 | ||
| Step 4: Resolution of the Inflammatory Response | 151 | ||
| Microbicidal Mechanisms | 152 | ||
| Intraphagosomal Killing of Microbes | 152 | ||
| Extracellular Microbicidal Activity | 154 | ||
| Neutrophils and Microbial Evasion of Host Defense | 154 | ||
| Eosinophils | 154 | ||
| Key References | 156 | ||
| References | 157 | ||
| 9 Complement and Deficiencies | 163 | ||
| Keywords | 164 | ||
| Complement Synthesis, Catabolism, and Distribution | 163 | ||
| Complement Activation | 163 | ||
| Overview: C3, the Linchpin of the Complement System | 163 | ||
| Generation of the Classical-Pathway C3 Convertase | 165 | ||
| Generation of the Alternative-Pathway C3 Convertase | 168 | ||
| The “Tickover” Model | 168 | ||
| The Properdin-Directed Model | 168 | ||
| Assembly of the Membrane Attack Complex | 168 | ||
| Regulation of Complement Activation | 168 | ||
| Regulation of C1 Activation | 168 | ||
| Regulation of the C3 Convertases | 169 | ||
| Regulation of the Membrane Attack Complex | 169 | ||
| Basis for Discriminating between Host and Microbial Cell Surfaces | 170 | ||
| Complement Receptors | 170 | ||
| Families of Complement Proteins | 171 | ||
| Complement-Mediated Functions | 171 | ||
| Complement and Metabolism | 172 | ||
| Complement and Cancer | 172 | ||
| Complement in Tissue Regeneration and Organogenesis | 172 | ||
| Microbial Interactions with the Complement System | 172 | ||
| Complement Deficiency States | 174 | ||
| Incidence | 174 | ||
| General Aspects of the Molecular Basis for Complement Deficiencies | 175 | ||
| Classical-Pathway Deficiencies | 175 | ||
| Clinical Aspects | 175 | ||
| Immune Disorders | 175 | ||
| Pathophysiologic Roles for Complement in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. | 175 | ||
| Infectious Diseases | 177 | ||
| 9780323263733v2_WEB | 2360 | ||
| Front Cover | 2360 | ||
| Endsheet 2 | 2361 | ||
| Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett’s Principles and Practice of INFECTIOUS DISEASES | 2364 | ||
| Copyright Page | 2365 | ||
| Contributors | 2366 | ||
| Preface to the Eighth Edition | 2388 | ||
| Table Of Contents | 2389 | ||
| III Infectious Diseases and Their Etiologic Agents | 2400 | ||
| A Viral Diseases | 2400 | ||
| 134 Biology of Viruses and Viral Diseases | 2400 | ||
| Keywords | 2401 | ||
| History | 2400 | ||
| Virus Structure and Classification | 2400 | ||
| Virus–Cell Interactions | 2403 | ||
| Attachment | 2403 | ||
| Penetration and Disassembly | 2405 | ||
| Genome Replication | 2406 | ||
| Cell Killing | 2407 | ||
| Antiviral Drugs | 2407 | ||
| Virus–Host Interaction | 2408 | ||
| Entry | 2408 | ||
| Spread | 2409 | ||
| Tropism | 2410 | ||
| Persistent Infections | 2410 | ||
| Viruses and Cancer | 2410 | ||
| Viral Virulence Determinants | 2411 | ||
| Host Responses to Infection | 2411 | ||
| Key References | 2412 | ||
| References | 2414 | ||
| i DNA Viruses | 2418 | ||
| a Poxviridae | 2418 | ||
| 135 Orthopoxviruses: | 2418 | ||
| Keywords | 2419 | ||
| Short View Summary | 2418 | ||
| Background | 2418 | ||
| Morphology and Chemical Structure | 2418 | ||
| Pathogenesis | 2421 | ||
| Vaccinia (Smallpox Vaccine) | 2421 | ||
| Immunity Resulting from Vaccination | 2421 | ||
| Complications Resulting from Vaccination | 2421 | ||
| Vaccinia Virus as a Zoonosis | 2422 | ||
| Variola (Smallpox) | 2423 | ||
| Monkeypox | 2424 | ||
| Pathogenesis | 2424 | ||
| Clinical Manifestations | 2424 | ||
| Diagnosis | 2425 | ||
| Epidemiology and Control | 2425 | ||
| Cowpox | 2425 | ||
| Clinical Manifestations | 2425 | ||
| Orthopoxvirus Laboratory Diagnostics | 2426 | ||
| Therapy: Orthopoxviruses | 2426 | ||
| Key References | 2427 | ||
| References | 2428 | ||
| 136 Other Poxviruses That Infect Humans: | 2431 | ||
| Keywords | 2432 | ||
| Short View Summary | 2431 | ||
| Parapoxviruses | 2431 | ||
| Morphology and Composition of the Agent | 2431 | ||
| Pathogenesis and Immune Response | 2431 | ||
| Clinical Manifestations | 2431 | ||
| Diagnosis | 2433 | ||
| Epidemiology | 2433 | ||
| Therapy | 2433 | ||
| Molluscum Contagiosum | 2433 | ||
| Description of the Agent | 2433 | ||
| Pathogenesis and Pathology | 2433 | ||
| Clinical Manifestations | 2433 |