Additional Information
Book Details
Abstract
Spine Surgery, 2nd Edition delivers step-by-step, multimedia guidance to help you master the must-know techniques in this field. Part of the popular and practical Operative Techniques series, this orthopaedics reference focuses on individual procedures, each presented in a highly visual, easy-to-follow format for quick reference.
- Consult this title on your favorite e-reader with intuitive search tools and adjustable font sizes. Elsevier eBooks provide instant portable access to your entire library, no matter what device you're using or where you're located.
- Access the entire text, fully searchable, online at www.expertconsult.com.
- Concentrate on precisely the information you need with brief, highly illustrated coverage of each surgical technique, complemented with just the right amount of relevant science.
- Find the answers you need quickly and easily with a strictly templated format for consistent and rapid visual reference.
- View 12 surgical videos at www.expertconsult.com demonstrating how to perform state-of-the-art procedures such as C1-C2 Posterior Cervical Fixation, Minimally Invasive Deformity Correction and Fusion, and Lumbar Disc Arthroplasty.
- Learn today's hottest techniques with new chapters on C2 translaminar fixation, vertebroplasty/kyphoplasty, internal laminectomy, and interbody fusion.
- See exactly what to do using step-by-step intraoperative photos demonstrating each technique, and radiographs showing presenting problems and post-surgical outcomes.
- Achieve optimal results using minimally invasive surgery whenever possible.
- Contain costs by using new implants related to pedicle screws and interbody devices, as well as new biologics such as BMP (bone morphogenetic protein).
- Benefit from the latest evidence-based information from randomized trials and retrospective studies.
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Front cover | cover | ||
| Operative Techniques: Spine Surgery | i | ||
| Copyright page | iv | ||
| Dedications | v | ||
| Contributors | vii | ||
| Foreword to the First Edition | xiii | ||
| Preface | xv | ||
| Table of Contents | xvii | ||
| Video Contents | xxi | ||
| Section I Cervical Spine | 1 | ||
| Procedure 1 Closed Cervical Skeletal Tong Placement and Reduction Techniques | 2 | ||
| Indications | 2 | ||
| Examination/Imaging | 2 | ||
| Surgical Anatomy | 2 | ||
| Positioning | 3 | ||
| Portals/Exposures | 3 | ||
| Procedure | 3 | ||
| Step 1 | 3 | ||
| Step 2 | 4 | ||
| Step 3 | 4 | ||
| Step 4: Reduction of Unilateral Facet Dislocation | 5 | ||
| Step 5: Reduction of Bilateral Facet Dislocation | 5 | ||
| Postoperative Care and Expected Outcomes | 6 | ||
| Evidence | 6 | ||
| Procedure 2 Halo Placement in the Pediatric and Adult Patient | 7 | ||
| Indications | 7 | ||
| Examination/Imaging | 7 | ||
| Surgical Anatomy | 7 | ||
| Positioning | 9 | ||
| Procedure: Halo Application | 10 | ||
| Step 1: Crown and Pin Placement | 10 | ||
| Step 2: Vest Application | 10 | ||
| Step 3: Construct Alignment | 12 | ||
| Step 4: Follow-up | 13 | ||
| Procedure: Halo Application in the Child or Infant | 14 | ||
| Postoperative Care and Expected Outcomes | 15 | ||
| Evidence | 15 | ||
| Procedure 3 Anterior Odontoid Resection: | 16 | ||
| Indications | 16 | ||
| Examination/Imaging | 16 | ||
| Surgical Anatomy | 18 | ||
| Positioning | 18 | ||
| Portals/Exposures | 21 | ||
| Procedure | 23 | ||
| Step 1 | 23 | ||
| Step 2 | 24 | ||
| Step 3 | 25 | ||
| Postoperative Care and Expected Outcomes | 26 | ||
| Evidence | 26 | ||
| Procedure 4 Odontoid Screw Fixation | 28 | ||
| Indications | 28 | ||
| Examination/Imaging | 28 | ||
| Surgical Anatomy | 30 | ||
| Positioning | 31 | ||
| Portals/Exposures | 32 | ||
| Procedure | 32 | ||
| Step 1 | 32 | ||
| Step 2 | 34 | ||
| Postoperative Care and Expected Outcomes | 36 | ||
| Evidence | 37 | ||
| Procedure 5 Anterior C1-C2 Arthrodesis: | 38 | ||
| Indications | 38 | ||
| Examination/Imaging | 38 | ||
| Surgical Anatomy | 38 | ||
| Positioning | 38 | ||
| Procedure | 39 | ||
| Step 1 | 39 | ||
| Step 2 | 39 | ||
| Step 3 | 40 | ||
| Step 4 | 40 | ||
| Step 5 | 41 | ||
| Postoperative Care and Expected Outcomes | 42 | ||
| Evidence | 42 | ||
| Procedure 6 Anterior Cervical Corpectomy/Diskectomy | 43 | ||
| Indications | 43 | ||
| Examination/Imaging | 43 | ||
| Surgical Anatomy | 44 | ||
| Positioning | 44 | ||
| Portals/Exposures | 44 | ||
| Procedure | 45 | ||
| Step 1: Disk Excision | 45 | ||
| Step 2: Decompression | 46 | ||
| Step 3: Strut Graft Preparation and Placement | 46 | ||
| Step 4: Internal Fixation | 47 | ||
| Postoperative Care and Expected Outcomes | 48 | ||
| Evidence | 49 | ||
| Procedure 7 Anterior Resection of Ossification of the Posterior Longitudinal Ligament | 50 | ||
| Indications | 50 | ||
| Examination/Imaging | 50 | ||
| Surgical Anatomy | 50 | ||
| Positioning | 50 | ||
| Portals/Exposures | 52 | ||
| Procedure | 52 | ||
| Step 1: Preparation of Disk Spaces and/or Cervical Corpectomy | 52 | ||
| Step 2: Takedown of OPLL | 53 | ||
| Step 3: Graft Placement, Anterior Plating | 54 | ||
| Postoperative Care and Expected Outcomes | 54 | ||
| Evidence | 55 | ||
| Procedure 8 Anterior Cervical Disk Arthroplasty | 56 | ||
| Indications | 56 | ||
| Examination/Imaging | 56 | ||
| Surgical Anatomy | 57 | ||
| Positioning | 57 | ||
| Portals/Exposures | 57 | ||
| Procedure | 58 | ||
| Step 1 | 58 | ||
| Step 2 | 59 | ||
| Step 3 | 59 | ||
| Postoperative Care and Expected Outcomes | 60 | ||
| Evidence | 60 | ||
| Procedure 9 Occipital-Cervical Fusion | 61 | ||
| Indications | 61 | ||
| Examination/Imaging | 62 | ||
| Surgical Anatomy | 62 | ||
| Positioning | 65 | ||
| Portals/Exposures | 65 | ||
| Procedure | 66 | ||
| Step 1 | 66 | ||
| Step 2: Exposure of Inion to C5 | 66 | ||
| Step 3: Instrumentation and Fusion | 67 | ||
| Step 4: Closure | 67 | ||
| Postoperative Care and Expected Outcomes | 68 | ||
| Evidence | 68 | ||
| Procedure 10 C2 Translaminar Screw Fixation | 69 | ||
| Indications | 69 | ||
| Examination/Imaging | 69 | ||
| Surgical Anatomy | 70 | ||
| Positioning | 70 | ||
| Portals/Exposures | 70 | ||
| Procedure | 71 | ||
| Step 1: Making the Entry Hole for the First Translaminar Screw | 71 | ||
| Step 2: Drilling the Contralateral Lamina | 72 | ||
| Step 3: Verification of Safe Preparation of the Lamina | 73 | ||
| Step 4: Placement of the First Screw | 73 | ||
| Step 5: Placement of the Second Screw | 74 | ||
| Step 6: Connection of the C2 Laminar Screws to C1 Lateral Mass Screws | 74 | ||
| Step 7: Arthrodesis | 75 | ||
| Postoperative Care and Expected Outcomes | 75 | ||
| Evidence | 76 | ||
| Procedure 11 Posterior C1-C2 Fusion: | 77 | ||
| Technique A: Posterior C1-2 Polyaxial Screw and Rod Fixation (Harms Technique) (Harms and Melcher, 2001) | 77 | ||
| Indications | 77 | ||
| Examination/Imaging | 78 | ||
| Surgical Anatomy | 80 | ||
| Positioning | 81 | ||
| Portals/Exposures | 83 | ||
| Procedure | 84 | ||
| Step 1 | 84 | ||
| Step 2 | 86 | ||
| Step 3 | 86 | ||
| Step 4 | 87 | ||
| Step 5 | 87 | ||
| Step 6 | 88 | ||
| Step 7 | 88 | ||
| Postoperative Care and Expected Outcomes | 89 | ||
| Technique B: C1-2 Transarticular Facet Screws (Magerl Technique) | 89 | ||
| Indications | 89 | ||
| Examination and Imaging | 89 | ||
| Surgical Anatomy | 90 | ||
| Positioning | 91 | ||
| Portals/Exposures | 91 | ||
| Procedure | 92 | ||
| Step 1 | 92 | ||
| Step 2 | 93 | ||
| Step 3 | 93 | ||
| Step 4 | 93 | ||
| Step 5 | 93 | ||
| Step 6 | 94 | ||
| Step 7 | 94 | ||
| Step 8 | 95 | ||
| Step 9 | 96 | ||
| Step 10 | 96 | ||
| Step 11 | 96 | ||
| Step 12 | 96 | ||
| Step 13 | 97 | ||
| Postoperative Care and Expected Outcomes | 98 | ||
| Evidence | 98 | ||
| Procedure 12 Cervical Spine: | 101 | ||
| Indications | 101 | ||
| Examination/Imaging | 101 | ||
| Surgical Anatomy (Figure 12-2) | 102 | ||
| Positioning | 102 | ||
| Portals/Exposures | 102 | ||
| Procedure | 104 | ||
| Step 1: Determining the Entry Point | 104 | ||
| Step 2: Drilling the Screw Hole | 104 | ||
| Step 3: Tapping and Screw Insertion | 104 | ||
| Step 4: Rod Insertion | 104 | ||
| Step 5: Placement of Screw Caps | 106 | ||
| Postoperative Care and Expected Outcomes | 106 | ||
| Evidence | 107 | ||
| Procedure 13 Cervical Pedicle Screw Fixation | 108 | ||
| Overview | 108 | ||
| Indications | 108 | ||
| Examination/Imaging | 111 | ||
| Surgical Anatomy | 111 | ||
| Positioning | 113 | ||
| Portals/Exposures | 113 | ||
| Procedure | 113 | ||
| Step 1: Manual Screw Placement | 113 | ||
| Computer-Assisted Screw Placement | 117 | ||
| Step 2 | 117 | ||
| Step 3 | 120 | ||
| Postoperative Care and Expected Outcomes | 123 | ||
| Summary | 124 | ||
| Evidence | 125 | ||
| Procedure 14 Posterior Cervical Osteotomy Techniques | 126 | ||
| Indications | 126 | ||
| Procedure Notes | 126 | ||
| Examination/Imaging | 128 | ||
| Surgical Anatomy | 130 | ||
| Positioning | 130 | ||
| Portals/Exposures | 130 | ||
| Procedure | 131 | ||
| Step 1 | 131 | ||
| Step 2 | 132 | ||
| Step 3 | 134 | ||
| Postoperative Care and Expected Outcomes | 134 | ||
| Evidence | 134 | ||
| Procedure 15 Posterior Cervical Laminoplasty | 135 | ||
| Indications | 135 | ||
| Examination/Imaging | 136 | ||
| Surgical Anatomy | 137 | ||
| Positioning | 138 | ||
| Portals/Exposures | 139 | ||
| Procedure | 139 | ||
| Step 1 | 140 | ||
| Step 2 | 140 | ||
| Step 3 | 141 | ||
| Step 4 | 141 | ||
| Postoperative Care and Expected Outcomes | 142 | ||
| Evidence | 142 | ||
| Section II Thoracic Spine | 143 | ||
| Procedure 16 Anterior Thoracic Diskectomy and Corpectomy | 144 | ||
| Indications | 144 | ||
| Examination/Imaging | 144 | ||
| Surgical Anatomy | 146 | ||
| Positioning | 147 | ||
| Portals/Exposures | 149 | ||
| Procedure | 150 | ||
| Step 1: Superficial Exposure and Rib Resection | 150 | ||
| Step 2: Transthoracic Retropleural Deep Exposure | 150 | ||
| Step 3: Diskectomy | 152 | ||
| Step 4: Hemicorpectomy and Spinal Cord Decompression | 152 | ||
| Step 5: Arthrodesis, Cage Preparation, and Insertion | 153 | ||
| Step 6: Screw/Plate Instrumentation | 154 | ||
| Step 7: Closure | 154 | ||
| Postoperative Care | 156 | ||
| Expected Outcomes | 156 | ||
| Evidence | 157 | ||
| Procedure 17 Anterior Thoracolumbar Spinal Fusion via Open Approach for Idiopathic Scoliosis | 158 | ||
| Indications | 158 | ||
| Examination/Imaging | 158 | ||
| Positioning | 158 | ||
| Portals/Exposures | 158 | ||
| Thoracic | 158 | ||
| Thoracolumbar | 159 | ||
| Lumbar | 159 | ||
| Procedure: Thoracolumbar Spine Fusion via an Open Approach Using Single-Rod Instrumentation | 160 | ||
| Step 1: Anterior Release and Diskectomy | 160 | ||
| Step 2: Placement of the Anterior Vertebral Body Screws | 160 | ||
| Step 3: End-Plate Ablation | 160 | ||
| Step 4: Placement of Anterior Interbody Structural Supports | 161 | ||
| Step 5: Rod Placement | 161 | ||
| Step 6: Placement of Chest Tube and Wound Closure | 161 | ||
| Procedure: Thoracolumbar Spine Fusion via an Open Approach Using Dual-Rod Instrumentation | 161 | ||
| Step 1: Anterior Release and Diskectomy | 161 | ||
| Step 2: Placement of the Anterior Vertebral Body Screws | 161 | ||
| Step 3: End-Plate Ablation | 161 | ||
| Step 4: Placement of Anterior Interbody Supports | 162 | ||
| Step 5: Rod Placement | 162 | ||
| Step 6: Placement of Chest Tube and Wound Closure | 162 | ||
| Postoperative Care and Expected Outcomes | 162 | ||
| Evidence | 164 | ||
| Procedure 18 Operative Management of Scheuermann Kyphosis | 166 | ||
| Indications | 166 | ||
| Examination/Imaging | 166 | ||
| Surgical Anatomy | 166 | ||
| Positioning | 166 | ||
| Procedure | 167 | ||
| Step 1: Anterior Release and Fusion | 167 | ||
| Postoperative Care and Expected Outcomes | 167 | ||
| Step 2 | 168 | ||
| Evidence | 169 | ||
| Procedure 19 Resection of Intradural Intramedullary or Extramedullary Spinal Tumors | 170 | ||
| Indications | 170 | ||
| Examination/Imaging | 170 | ||
| Surgical Anatomy | 172 | ||
| Positioning | 173 | ||
| Portals/Exposures | 173 | ||
| Procedure | 174 | ||
| Step 1 | 174 | ||
| Step 2 | 175 | ||
| Step 3 | 175 | ||
| Step 4 | 176 | ||
| Postoperative Care and Expected Outcomes | 176 | ||
| Evidence | 177 | ||
| Procedure 20 Endoscopic Thoracic Diskectomy | 178 | ||
| Indications | 178 | ||
| Examination/Imaging | 178 | ||
| Surgical Anatomy | 181 | ||
| Positioning | 182 | ||
| Portals/Exposures | 182 | ||
| Procedure | 184 | ||
| Step 1 | 184 | ||
| Step 2 | 186 | ||
| Step 3 | 186 | ||
| Step 4 | 188 | ||
| Postoperative Care and Expected Outcomes | 188 | ||
| Surgical Outcomes | 188 | ||
| Complications and Avoidance | 189 | ||
| Evidence | 190 | ||
| Procedure 21 VEPTR Opening Wedge Thoracostomy for Congenital Spinal Deformities | 191 | ||
| Indications | 191 | ||
| Examination/Imaging | 191 | ||
| Surgical Anatomy | 192 | ||
| Positioning | 194 | ||
| Portals/Exposures | 194 | ||
| Procedure | 197 | ||
| Step 1: Insertion of Superior Rib Cradle for the Hybrid VEPTR | 197 | ||
| Step 2: Opening Wedge Thoracostomy | 198 | ||
| Step 3: The Hybrid VEPTR | 200 | ||
| Step 4: Implantation of the Hybrid VEPTR | 200 | ||
| Step 5: Hybrid VEPTR Attachment to Pelvis by Dunn-McCarthy Hook over Iliac Crest | 201 | ||
| Step 6: Addition of Second Rib-to-Rib VEPTR | 204 | ||
| Step 7: Closure | 204 | ||
| Postoperative Care and Expected Outcomes | 206 | ||
| Expansion of the Devices | 206 | ||
| Replacement Procedure | 207 | ||
| Evidence | 207 | ||
| Procedure 22 Posterior Thoracolumbar Fusion Techniques for Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis | 208 | ||
| Indications | 208 | ||
| Surgical Anatomy: Choosing Levels for Fusion | 208 | ||
| Examination/Imaging | 210 | ||
| Positioning | 213 | ||
| Portals/Exposures | 215 | ||
| Procedure | 215 | ||
| Step 1: Facetectomies | 215 | ||
| Step 2: Release of the Spine | 216 | ||
| Step 3: Pedicle Screw Placement | 216 | ||
| Step 4: Rod Placement and Correction of Deformity, Including Vertebral Derotation | 220 | ||
| Step 5: Closure | 221 | ||
| Postoperative Care and Expected Outcomes | 222 | ||
| Evidence | 223 | ||
| Procedure 23 Thoracoplasty for Rib Deformity | 225 | ||
| Indications | 225 | ||
| Examination/Imaging | 225 | ||
| Surgical Anatomy | 225 | ||
| Positioning | 225 | ||
| Portals/Exposures | 226 | ||
| Procedure | 226 | ||
| Step 1 | 226 | ||
| Step 2 | 228 | ||
| Step 3 | 229 | ||
| Postoperative Care and Expected Outcomes | 229 | ||
| Evidence | 231 | ||
| Procedure 24 Complete Vertebral Resection for Primary Spinal Tumors | 232 | ||
| Indications | 232 | ||
| Examination/Imaging | 232 | ||
| Surgical Anatomy | 232 | ||
| Positioning | 232 | ||
| Portals/Exposures | 234 | ||
| Procedure | 234 | ||
| Step 1: En Bloc Laminectomy | 234 | ||
| Step 2: En Bloc Corpectomy | 234 | ||
| Step 3: Anterior Reconstruction and Posterior Stabilization | 236 | ||
| Postoperative Care and Expected Outcomes | 237 | ||
| Evidence | 237 | ||
| Section III Lumbar Spine | 239 | ||
| Procedure 25 Sacropelvic Fixation | 240 | ||
| Indications | 240 | ||
| Biochemical Considerations | 241 | ||
| Examination/Imaging | 243 | ||
| Surgical Anatomy | 244 | ||
| Positioning | 245 | ||
| Portals/Exposures | 245 | ||
| Procedure A: S1 Pedicle Screws | 245 | ||
| Procedure B: Sacral Alar Screws | 247 | ||
| Procedure C: Iliosacral Screws | 247 | ||
| Procedure D: Galveston Rods | 248 | ||
| Procedure E: Iliac Screws (Iliac Bolts) | 248 | ||
| Procedure F: Transilial Bar | 250 | ||
| Procedure G: S2 Alar Iliac Screws (S2AI) | 250 | ||
| Postoperative Care and Expected Outcomes | 254 | ||
| Complications of Pelvic Fixation | 254 | ||
| Evidence | 255 | ||
| Procedure 26 Posterior Far Lateral Disk Herniation | 256 | ||
| Indications | 256 | ||
| Examination/Imaging | 256 | ||
| Surgical Anatomy | 258 | ||
| Positioning | 259 | ||
| Portals/Exposures | 259 | ||
| Procedure | 259 | ||
| Step 1 | 259 | ||
| Step 2 | 259 | ||
| Step 3 | 260 | ||
| Step 4 | 260 | ||
| Step 5 | 260 | ||
| Postoperative Care and Expected Outcomes | 260 | ||
| Evidence | 261 | ||
| Procedure 27 Lateral Extracavitary Approach for Vertebrectomy | 263 | ||
| Indications | 263 | ||
| Examination/Imaging | 263 | ||
| Surgical Anatomy | 264 | ||
| Positioning | 264 | ||
| Portals/Exposures | 264 | ||
| Procedure | 266 | ||
| Step 1 | 266 | ||
| Step 2 | 267 | ||
| Step 3 | 268 | ||
| Postoperative Care and Expected Outcomes | 269 | ||
| Evidence | 269 | ||
| Procedure 28 Osteotomy Techniques (Smith-Petersen and Pedicle Subtraction) for Fixed Sagittal Imbalance | 270 | ||
| Indications | 270 | ||
| Examination/Imaging | 270 | ||
| Surgical Anatomy | 273 | ||
| Positioning | 274 | ||
| Procedure A: Smith-Petersen Osteotomy | 275 | ||
| Step 1 | 275 | ||
| Step 2 | 275 | ||
| Index | 391 | ||
| A | 391 | ||
| B | 391 | ||
| C | 392 | ||
| D | 394 | ||
| E | 395 | ||
| F | 395 | ||
| G | 395 | ||
| H | 395 | ||
| I | 396 | ||
| J | 396 | ||
| K | 396 | ||
| L | 397 | ||
| M | 398 | ||
| N | 399 | ||
| O | 399 | ||
| P | 400 | ||
| R | 400 | ||
| S | 401 | ||
| T | 403 | ||
| U | 404 | ||
| V | 404 | ||
| W | 404 |