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Breast Imaging, An Issue of Radiologic Clinics of North America - E-Book

Breast Imaging, An Issue of Radiologic Clinics of North America - E-Book

Robyn L. Birdwell

(2010)

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Book Details

Abstract

Imaging of the breast can be one of the most challenging tasks in all of radiology. This issue not only covers all of the modalities (plain film, multislice CT, MRI, US, and nuclear medicine and molecular imaging it also provides discussions on the controversy regarding when women should be screened, the costs involved in breast imaging, and the appropriate use of screening.

Table of Contents

Section Title Page Action Price
Front Cover Cover
Contributors iii
Contents v
Radiologic Clinics of North America x
Preface xi
Chapter 1. The 2009 US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) Guidelines are not Supported by Science: The Scientific Support for Mammography Screening 843
OPPOSITION TO SCREENING 845
THE ISSUES 846
1997 CONSENSUS DEVELOPMENT CONFERENCE TO REVIEW THE NCI GUIDELINES THAT NO LONGER SUPPORTED SCREENING WOMEN AGED 40 TO 49 YEARS 850
SUMMARY 854
REFERENCES 855
Chapter 2. The Use of Breast Imaging to Screen Women at High Risk for Cancer 859
FACTORS THAT PLACE WOMEN AT HIGH RISK FOR DEVELOPING BREAST CANCER 859
GENETIC ABNORMALITIES ASSOCIATED WITH A HIGH RISK OF DEVELOPING BREAST CANCER 860
MAMMOGRAPHIC BREAST DENSITY ASSOCIATED WITH A HIGH RISK FOR DEVELOPING BREAST CANCER 861
BREAST IMAGING APPROACHES TO SCREENING ASYMPTOMATIC WOMEN AT HIGH RISK FOR CANCER 862
SUMMARY 873
REFERENCES 873
Chapter 3. Cost-Effectiveness of Mammography, MRI, and Ultrasonography for Breast Cancer Screening 879
SCREENING MAMMOGRAPHY 880
COSTS OF SCREENING RECALL AND BIOPSY 880
SCREENING MAMMOGRAPHY RESULTS, GUIDELINES, AND CONTROVERSIES: ROLE OF COST-EFFECTIVENESS 881
MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING SCREENING OF VERY HIGH-RISK WOMEN: RESULTS AND GUIDELINES 883
MRI SCREENING OF VERY HIGH-RISK WOMEN: COST-EFFECTIVENESS 884
MRI SCREENING OF MODERATELY HIGH-RISK WOMEN: COST-EFFECTIVENESS 884
IMPACT OF RISK ASSESSMENT MODELS AND FUTURE TECHNICAL ADVANCES ON COST-EFFECTIVENESS OF MRI SCREENING 885
SCREENING ULTRASONOGRAPHY: TARGET POPULATIONS 886
NONBLINDED ULTRASONOGRAPHIC SCREENING TRIALS 886
BLINDED ULTRASONOGRAPHIC SCREENING TRIALS 886
AUTOMATED ULTRASONOGRAPHIC SCREENING 887
SUMMARY 887
REFERENCES 888
Chapter 4. The Basics and Implementation of Digital Mammography 893
DETECTORS 893
SPATIAL RESOLUTION 894
ANALOG TO DIGITAL UNITS 894
PROCESSING ALGORITHMS 895
DYNAMIC RANGE 895
PADDLES 896
COMPUTER-AIDED DETECTION (CADE) AND COMPUTER-AIDED DIAGNOSIS (CADX) 896
ARTIFACTS 896
DIAGNOSTIC WORKSTATION CONSIDERATIONS 898
PROBLEMS WITH DEDICATED WORKSTATIONS 899
SUMMARY 900
REFERENCES 900
Chapter 5. Digital Mammography: Clinical Image Evaluation 903
THE MAMMOGRAPHY ACCREDITATION PROCESS 903
POSITIONING 904
COMPRESSION 905
CONTRAST 906
EXPOSURE 906
NOISE 908
SHARPNESS 910
ARTIFACTS 911
LABELING 913
SUMMARY 914
REFERENCES 914
Chapter 6. Digital Mammography Imaging: Breast Tomosynthesis and Advanced Applications 917
DIGITAL BREAST TOMOSYNTHESIS MAMMOGRAPHY 917
EARLY CLINICAL TOMOSYNTHESIS EVALUATIONS 921
COMPUTER-AIDED DETECTION TOMOSYNTHESIS 924
IMPORTANT CONSIDERATIONS FOR ASSESSMENT OF NEW TECHNOLOGY SUCH AS DBT 924
OTHER NEW DM SYSTEMS 925
COMBINING DM WITH OTHER IMAGING TECHNOLOGY 926
SUMMARY 927
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 928
REFERENCES 928
Chapter 7. Cystic Breast Masses and the ACRIN 6666 Experience 931
SIMPLE CYSTS 932
COMPLICATED CYSTS: CYSTS WITH DEBRIS 938
OIL CYSTS 950
CLUSTERED MICROCYSTS 959
COMPLEX CYSTIC AND SOLID MASSES 970
SUMMARY 985
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 985
REFERENCES 985
Chapter 8. Regional Lymph Node Staging in Breast Cancer: The Increasing Role of Imaging and Ultrasound-Guided Axillary Lymph Node Fine Needle Aspiration 989
SIGNIFICANCE AND ANATOMY OF AXILLARY LYMPH NODE METASTASIS IN BREAST CANCER 989
AXILLARY LYMPH NODE DISSECTION 990
LYMPHOSCINTIGRAPHY 990
SENTINEL LYMPH NODE BIOPSY 990
AXILLARY ULTRASOUND 991
USFNA FOR PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS OF NODAL DISEASE 992
INDICATIONS FOR USFNA 993
INTERNAL MAMMARY LYMPH NODES 995
SUMMARY 995
REFERENCES 995
Chapter 9. Controversies on the Management of High-Risk Lesions at Core Biopsy from a Radiology/Pathology Perspective 999
PROLOGUE 999
INTRODUCTION 999
LOBULAR NEOPLASIA: LCIS AND ALH 1000
BENIGN PAPILLOMAS 1003
RADIAL SCAR/COMPLEX SCLEROSING LESION 1004
FLAT EPITHELIA ATYPIA 1006
MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING FOR HIGH-RISK LESION EVALUATION 1007
CONCLUDING REMARKS 1007
APPENDIX: UNDERESTIMATION RATES 1008
REFERENCES 1009
Chapter 10. Breast MR Imaging: Current Indications and Advanced Imaging Techniques 1013
BACKGROUND 1014
BASIC MR TECHNIQUES FOR BREAST CANCER IMAGING 1014
ADVANCED MR IMAGING TECHNIQUES IN BREAST CANCER 1018
CLINICAL APPLICATIONS OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING IN BREAST CANCER 1023
HIGH-RISK BREAST SCREENING BY MR IMAGING 1034
BREAST MR IMAGING CONTROVERSIES 1035
SUMMARY 1036
REFERENCES 1037
Chapter 11. Dedicated Breast Computed Tomography: The Optimal Cross-Sectional Imaging Solution? 1043
TECHNICAL ASPECTS OF DBCT 1045
CLINICAL EXPERIENCE WITH DBCT 1046
PATIENT PERCEPTIONS OF DBCT 1048
THE FUTURE 1049
SUMMARY 1053
REFERENCES 1053
Chapter 12. Nuclear Medicine Imaging of the Breast: A Novel, Physiologic Approach to Breast Cancer Detection and Diagnosis 1055
NUCLEAR MEDICINE IMAGING OF THE BREAST 1056
THE BREAST-SPECIFIC GAMMA IMAGING/MOLECULAR BREAST IMAGING PROCEDURE 1057
THE EVOLUTION OF HIGH-RESOLUTION, SMALL FIELD-OF-VIEW GAMMA IMAGING FOR THE DETECTION OF BREAST CANCER 1059
ADDITIONAL FOCI OF OCCULT CANCER IN WOMEN WITH NEWLY DIAGNOSED BREAST CANCER 1060
DUCTAL CARCINOMA IN SITU AND INVASIVE LOBULAR CARCINOMA AND BREAST-SPECIFIC GAMMA IMAGING 1060
POSITRON EMISSION MAMMOGRAPHY 1062
MRI AND BREAST-SPECIFIC GAMMA IMAGING/MOLECULAR BREAST IMAGING 1064
CLINICAL INDICATIONS FOR BREAST-SPECIFIC GAMMA IMAGING/MOLECULAR BREAST IMAGING 1067
BIOPSY OF LESIONS IDENTIFIED WITH BREAST-SPECIFIC GAMMA IMAGING 1069
REFERENCES 1073
Chapter 13. Molecular Imaging of the Breast 1075
MOLECULAR SUBTYPES OF BREAST CANCER 1075
IMAGING BREAST CANCER PHENOTYPES 1078
MR APPLICATIONS 1079
OTHER ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF MRI 1081
COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY 1082
NUCLEAR MEDICINE TECHNIQUES 1082
OPTICAL IMAGING 1083
THE HORIZON 1085
REFERENCES 1086
Index 1089