Additional Information
Book Details
Abstract
Pediatric Clinical Skills, 4th Edition, by renowned author Richard B. Goldbloom, is your ideal guide to mastering necessary, often complex and challenging pediatric clinical skills. Written in a clear, informal tone, this book explains the nuances of the child/family interview and history, pediatric physical exam, crucial interpersonal skills, and important issues such as cultural sensitivity, chronic conditions, and athletic participation. An indispensable learning tool for in-training physicians, this book is also a valuable resource for pediatric and family practice physicians, nurses, physician assistants, and all healthcare personnel who work with children.
- Discover the best approach and demeanor for interviewing patients and their families.
- Elicit cooperation and gain the maximum value from physical exams of patients of all ages, including preterm and low-birth-weight infants.
- Enhance cultural sensitivity and capably navigate issues associated with chronic conditions, athletic participation, and more.
- Perfect the latest approaches for approaching the adolescent, clinical evaluation for possible child abuse, palliative care, examining the head and neck, evaluating gastrointestinal symptoms, surgical assessment of the abdomen, and other rapidly evolving areas.
- Navigate growing areas of concern including obesity, autism, TV-watching, and video games.
- Access the complete contents online at studentconsult.com, with Integration Links to related content in other Student Consult resources…videos demonstrating different aspects of the neurological exam, including assessing cerebral palsy and muscular dystrophy…additional content and images to complement Ch. 21, Clinical Evaluation for Possible Child Abuse…and full-color inserts that complement Ch. 8, Examining the Visual System, and Ch. 19, Assessing the Skin.
- Study efficiently with the aid of Case Histories, Key Points, and Recommended Readings.
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Front Cover | Cover | ||
| Pediatric Clinical Skills | iii | ||
| Copyright Page | iv | ||
| Dedication | v | ||
| Foreword | vii | ||
| Preface | ix | ||
| Acknowledgements | xi | ||
| Contents | xv | ||
| Contributors | xiii | ||
| Chapter 1: Family Interviewing andHistory-Taking | 1 | ||
| What Do Families Want? | 1 | ||
| Interviewing and History-Taking Skills | 2 | ||
| Obtaining the Initial History | 6 | ||
| Developing a Problem List and Treatment Plan | 10 | ||
| Case History | 10 | ||
| The Fine Art of Differential Diagnosis | 11 | ||
| The Therapeutic Contract | 11 | ||
| Interviewing and Examining Adolescents | 11 | ||
| Clinical Skills for Special Situations | 13 | ||
| Summary | 15 | ||
| Recommended Reading | 15 | ||
| Chapter 2: Skills for Culturally Sensitive Care | 16 | ||
| Growing Scope Of Multiculturalism | 16 | ||
| Dangers of Stereotyping | 16 | ||
| Cultural Disadvantage in Health Care | 16 | ||
| Family Hierarchies—Who Are the Authorities and Decision-Makers? | 17 | ||
| Get the Names Right | 17 | ||
| Communication | 17 | ||
| Disciplinary Practices | 18 | ||
| Attitudes Toward Chronic Conditions | 18 | ||
| Life and Death Issues | 18 | ||
| Recent Immigrant Families | 18 | ||
| Effective Conversation | 18 | ||
| Consent for Treatment | 18 | ||
| Special Features of Cross-Cultural History-Taking | 19 | ||
| Summary | 21 | ||
| Recommended Reading | 21 | ||
| Chapter 3: Assessing Physical Growth and Nutrition | 22 | ||
| Measurements and Growth Charts | 22 | ||
| A Language for Communicating Information About Children's Growth | 28 | ||
| Weight As a Percentage of Ideal | 29 | ||
| Children With Delayed Growth | 29 | ||
| Anxieties of the Short Child | 29 | ||
| Predicting Ultimate Adult Height | 29 | ||
| Growth (Height) Velocity | 29 | ||
| Staging Pubertal Development | 30 | ||
| Dental Development | 32 | ||
| Nutritional Assessment | 32 | ||
| Clinical Assessment of the Child With Possible Iron Deficiency | 33 | ||
| Evaluating the Obese Child | 33 | ||
| Evaluating the Child With Failure to Thrive | 36 | ||
| Summary | 36 | ||
| Recommended Reading | 37 | ||
| Chapter 4: Evaluating the Newborn: Diagnostic Approach | 38 | ||
| Case History | 38 | ||
| Obtaining the History | 38 | ||
| Approach to Physical Examinations of the Newborn: When, Why, and How | 38 | ||
| Clinical Observations and What They Mean | 40 | ||
| Listening To the Cry | 42 | ||
| Muscle Tone | 42 | ||
| Primitive Reflexes | 42 | ||
| Weighing and Measuring | 43 | ||
| Assessing Gestational Age | 44 | ||
| The Head | 45 | ||
| The Neck | 49 | ||
| The Chest | 50 | ||
| The Abdomen | 50 | ||
| The Genitalia | 51 | ||
| Hernias And Hydroceles | 52 | ||
| The Hips | 52 | ||
| The Extremities | 52 | ||
| The Back | 53 | ||
| Skin of the Newborn | 53 | ||
| Special Considerations | 55 | ||
| Summary | 55 | ||
| Recommended Reading | 55 | ||
| Chapter 5: Assessing Congenital Anomalies | 56 | ||
| The Logic Behind the Diagnostic Approach | 56 | ||
| Definition of Terms | 57 | ||
| Obtaining The History | 60 | ||
| Approach To the Physical Examination | 62 | ||
| Summary | 69 | ||
| Recommended Reading | 69 | ||
| Chapter 6: Developmental and Behavioral Assessment | 70 | ||
| Developmental Surveillance and the Developmental/Behavioral History | 70 | ||
| Patterns of Developmental Abnormality | 71 | ||
| Family History | 71 | ||
| Social History | 78 | ||
| Behavior Problems | 78 | ||
| Developmental Screening and Examination | 79 | ||
| Direct Developmental Examination | 79 | ||
| Looking at Development During The Physical Examination | 83 | ||
| Case Histories | 83 | ||
| Summary | 87 | ||
| Recommended Reading | 88 | ||
| Websites | 88 | ||
| Chapter 7: Examining the Head and Neck | 89 | ||
| General Observations | 89 | ||
| Approach to the Physical Examination of the Head | 89 | ||
| Case History | 90 | ||
| Summary | 100 | ||
| Recommended Reading | 100 | ||
| Chapter 8: Examining the Visual System | 101 | ||
| Normal Visual System in Infants and Children | 101 | ||
| Obtaining the History | 106 | ||
| Approach to the Physical Examination | 107 | ||
| Specific Examination Techniques | 109 | ||
| Applying Sequential Logic to Assess Children’s Eyes | 115 | ||
| Case Histories | 115 | ||
| Summary | 121 | ||
| Recommended Reading | 121 | ||
| Chapter 9: Evaluating the Respiratory System | 122 | ||
| Obtaining the History | 122 | ||
| Approach to the Physical Examination | 127 | ||
| Case History | 135 | ||
| Summary | 136 | ||
| Recommended Reading | 136 | ||
| Chapter 10: Cardiovascular Assessment of Infants and Children | 137 | ||
| Classification of Heart Disease in Children | 137 | ||
| Case History | 137 | ||
| History of Present Illness and Cardiac Functional Inquiry in the Infant and Young Child | 138 | ||
| Approach to Cardiovascular Examination of the Infant | 140 | ||
| Approach to the Cardiovascular Assessment of the Older Child | 145 | ||
| Approach to the Cardiovascular Examination of the 3- to 5-Year-Old Child | 146 | ||
| Cardiovascular Examination of the School-Aged Child | 153 | ||
| Cardiac Assessment of the Teenager | 156 | ||
| Summary | 158 | ||
| Recommended Reading | 159 | ||
| Chapter 11: Evaluating Gastrointestinal Symptoms | 164 | ||
| Physical Examination of the Gastrointestinal System | 164 | ||
| General Appearance | 164 | ||
| Case History | 165 | ||
| Skin Examination | 165 | ||
| Examination of the Abdomen | 165 | ||
| Case History | 166 | ||
| Rectal Examination | 169 | ||
| Case History | 169 | ||
| Percussion | 169 | ||
| Auscultation | 170 | ||
| Case History | 170 | ||
| Common Gastrointestinal Symptoms | 170 | ||
| Case History | 174 | ||
| Case History | 175 | ||
| Case History | 177 | ||
| Case History | 178 | ||
| Case History | 179 | ||
| Summary | 179 | ||
| Recommended Reading | 179 | ||
| Chapter 12: Surgical Assessment of the Abdomen | 180 | ||
| Clinical Conditions by Typical Age of Occurrence | 180 | ||
| Presenting Clinical Features | 187 | ||
| Clinical Assessment of the Child with Abdominal Trauma | 189 | ||
| Prenatal Diagnosis | 189 | ||
| Summary | 189 | ||
| Chapter 13: Neurological Examination | 190 | ||
| The Logic Behind the Approach | 190 | ||
| Obtaining the History | 190 | ||
| Observation | 191 | ||
| The Physical Examination | 193 | ||
| Cortical Function | 195 | ||
| Cranial Nerve I (Olfactory) | 196 | ||
| Cranial Nerve II (Optic) | 196 | ||
| Cranial Nerves III, IV, and VI (Oculomotor, Trochlear, And Abducens) | 198 | ||
| Cranial Nerve V (Trigeminal) | 198 | ||
| Cranial Nerve VII (Facial) | 199 | ||
| Cranial Nerve VIII (Cochlear and Vestibular) | 199 | ||
| Cranial Nerves IX And X (Glossopharyngeal and Vagus) | 199 | ||
| Nerve XI (Spinal Accessory) | 200 | ||
| Nerve XII (Hypoglossal) | 200 | ||
| Physical Examination of the Trunk and Extremities | 200 | ||
| Case Histories | 206 | ||
| Summary | 209 | ||
| Suggested Readings | 209 | ||
| Chapter 14: Psychiatric Assessment of Children and Adolescents | 210 | ||
| Clinical Interview | 210 | ||
| Obtaining the Presenting History | 212 | ||
| Assessing Symptoms | 214 | ||
| Physical Examination | 218 | ||
| Standardized Interviews and Questionnaires | 218 | ||
| Summary | 218 | ||
| Suggested Readings | 218 | ||
| Chapter 15: Musculoskeletal Examination | 219 | ||
| Normal Musculoskeletal Variants | 219 | ||
| Important Local Causes Of Musculoskeletal Pain | 221 | ||
| Transient Synovitis | 221 | ||
| Legg-Calvé-Perthes Disease | 221 | ||
| Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis | 221 | ||
| Generalized Causes of Musculoskeletal Pain | 222 | ||
| Case History | 222 | ||
| The Child with a Limp | 224 | ||
| The Child with a Single Swollen Joint | 224 | ||
| The Child with Multiple Swollen Joints | 225 | ||
| Significant Common Skeletal Deformities | 225 | ||
| Obtaining the History | 226 | ||
| Approach to the Physical Examination | 228 | ||
| Approach to the Examination of Specific Joints | 232 | ||
| General Medical Examination | 239 | ||
| Summary | 239 | ||
| Suggested Readings | 239 | ||
| Chapter 16: Clinical EndocrineEvaluation | 240 | ||
| Chief Characteristics of the Child with Growth Hormone Deficiency | 240 | ||
| Case Histories | 241 | ||
| Approach to the Physical Examination of a Child with Possible Growth Hormone Deficiency | 241 | ||
| Chief Characteristics of Thyroid Disorders in Children | 242 | ||
| Approach to the Physical Examination of the Child with a Thyroid Disorder | 244 | ||
| Clinical Characteristics of Disorders of Calcium Metabolism in Children | 248 | ||
| Causes of Hypercalcemia | 248 | ||
| Approach to the Physical Examination of a Hypocalcemic Child | 248 | ||
| Chief Characteristics of Adrenal Disorders in Children | 249 | ||
| Chief Physical Characteristics | 250 | ||
| Benign Premature Adrenarche | 251 | ||
| Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia | 251 | ||
| Approach to the Physical Examination of a Child with Ambiguous Genitalia | 253 | ||
| Hirsutism | 253 | ||
| Adrenal Insufficiency | 255 | ||
| Approach to the Physical Examination of a Child with Adrenal Insufficiency | 255 | ||
| Pubertal Development: Precocious, Delayed, and Normal Variants | 256 | ||
| Testicular Examination | 257 | ||
| Clinical Characteristics of Diabetes Mellitus in Children | 258 | ||
| Summary | 259 | ||
| Suggested Readings | 261 | ||
| Chapter 17: Approaching the Adolescent | 262 | ||
| Brain Development | 262 | ||
| Puberty | 262 | ||
| Teen Health | 263 | ||
| Starting the Interview | 263 | ||
| Interview with Parents | 266 | ||
| Summary | 267 | ||
| Suggested Readings | 268 | ||
| Chapter 18: Gynecologic Assessment | 269 | ||
| Approach to the Physical Examination | 269 | ||
| Obtaining the History | 272 | ||
| Approach to the Pelvic Examination | 273 | ||
| Adolescent Contraception | 276 | ||
| Summary | 278 | ||
| Suggested Readings | 278 | ||
| Chapter 19: Assessing the Skin | 279 | ||
| Obtaining the History of Skin Problems | 279 | ||
| Approach to the Physical Examination | 281 | ||
| Approach to the Examination of Mucosa and Skin Appendages | 286 | ||
| Case Histories | 287 | ||
| Summary | 289 | ||
| Suggested Readings | 289 | ||
| Chapter 20: Caring for Children with Chronic Conditions and Their Families | 290 | ||
| First Disclosure of the Diagnosis to Parents | 290 | ||
| Special Skills for Continuing Care | 292 | ||
| Evaluating Quality of Life in Children with Chronic Conditions | 293 | ||
| Physical Examination of a Child with a Chronic Condition | 293 | ||
| Transitional Care | 294 | ||
| Summary | 294 | ||
| Suggested Readings | 294 | ||
| Chapter 21: Clinical Evaluation for Possible Child Abuse | 295 | ||
| Mandated Reporting | 295 | ||
| Preparing for the Assessment | 296 | ||
| Preparing the Patient and the Family | 296 | ||
| The First Few Moments of the Meeting | 296 | ||
| Obtaining the History | 297 | ||
| Physical Examination | 298 | ||
| Obtaining Pertinent History | 298 | ||
| Physical Examination | 300 | ||
| Case Histories | 304 | ||
| Assessing Children for Physical Abuse and Neglect | 305 | ||
| Functional Inquiry | 306 | ||
| Notes on Photography | 309 | ||
| Summary | 310 | ||
| Suggested Readings | 310 | ||
| Chapter 22: Assessing the Appropriate Role for Children in Health Decisions | 319 | ||
| The Doctor-Patient Relationship in Pediatrics | 319 | ||
| The Traditional Role of Parents and Families | 320 | ||
| Evolving Understanding of Respectful Involvement of Children in Medical Decisions | 320 | ||
| Assessing the Appropriate Role for Children in Health Decisions | 321 | ||
| Case Histories | 322 | ||
| Summary | 328 | ||
| Suggested Readings | 328 | ||
| Chapter 23: Palliative Care | 329 | ||
| The Broad Scope of Palliative Care | 329 | ||
| Case Histories | 330 | ||
| Web Sites | 333 | ||
| Suggested Readings | 333 | ||
| Index | 334 | ||
| Color Plate | 343 |