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Pediatrics A Competency-Based Companion E-Book

Pediatrics A Competency-Based Companion E-Book

Maureen C McMahon | Glenn R Stryjewski

(2011)

Additional Information

Book Details

Abstract

Pediatrics: A Competency-Based Companion, by Maureen C. McMahon, MD and Glenn R. Stryjewski, MD, MPH, is designed to teach you to think like an experienced clinician. The only text written in the framework of the Core Competencies developed by the ACGME, its case-based approach illustrates the thought processes that effective practitioners use to approach and evaluate common pediatric presentations. Learning is easy through an intuitive, practical organization...a concise, high-yield presentation...graphs, tables, and other at-a-glance features, such as Professors’ Pearls" that provide cases with questions and annotated answers...and a framework that allows you to track your progress and that of your patients in relation to ACGME and AAMC expectations. A convenient pocket-sized format enables you to review the material on the go, and online access via Student Consult includes online extras such as "Integration Links" to bonus content in other Student Consult titles, a Competency Self-Assessment Log, Vertical Reads, and much more.

  • Master ACGME Core Competencies with the aid of a color-coded system that helps you to integrate evidence-based medicine, continual self-assessment, and cognizance of interpersonal skills into your daily routine.
  • Access the high-yield core information you need for pediatric rotations in a portable, pocket-sized format that organizes the most common, must-know pediatric signs/symptoms and disorders by patient presentation.
  • Learn to see the "big picture" with the aid of "Teaching Visuals" chapters and "Speaking Intelligently" and "Clinical Thinking" features in clinical chapters.
  • Easily locate more in-depth information on any topic with references to Nelson Essentials of Pediatrics, 6th Edition.
  • Access the complete contents online at www.studentconsult.com, along with "Integration Links" to bonus content in other Student Consult titles...a Competency Self-Assessment Log... "Professors’ Pearls" that provide cases with questions and annotated answers...Vertical Reads...and many other features to enhance learning and retention.
  • Get advice on managing your career, time, and life outside the clinical setting via bonus online appendices.

Table of Contents

Section Title Page Action Price
Front cover cover
Pediatrics i
Copyright page iv
Dedication v
Educator’s Foreword vii
Pediatrician’s Foreword ix
Preface of the Series Editor xi
Preface xiii
Acknowledgments xv
Contributors xvii
Contents xxix
I Introduction to the Competencies 1
1 How to Study This Book 3
Structure of the Book 3
Organizing Structure 4
Chapter Elements 4
Suggestions for Reading 4
Teaching and Learning Activities 5
The Competencies and Vertical Reads 5
A Note about Practice-Based Learning and Improvement 5
Reference 6
2 Medical Knowledge 6
Introduction 6
Definition and Importance of Medical Knowledge 6
Specific Strategies for Teaching and Assessing Medical Knowledge 7
Summary 9
References 9
3 Patient Care 10
Introduction 10
Definitions of Patient Care 10
Strategies for Learning Patient Care 11
Assessing Patient Care 11
Conclusion 13
References 13
4 Professionalism 13
Definitions of Professionalism 14
Importance of Professionalism 15
Strategies for Learning and Assessing Professionalism 16
Conclusion 17
References 18
5 Interpersonal and Communication Skills 18
Definitions of Interpersonal and Communication Skills 19
Why are Interpersonal and Communication Skills Important? 21
Learning Strategies 22
Conclusion 23
References 23
6 Practice-Based Learning and Improvement 24
Introduction 24
Definition 25
The Importance of Skills in PBLI 25
Strategies for Learning PBLI 26
Individualized Learning Plans 26
Small-Group Learning Programs 26
Evidence-Based Medicine 26
Periodic Chart Reviews and Morbidity and Mortality Conferences 27
Quality Improvement Projects 27
Conclusion 27
References 27
7 Systems-Based Practice 28
Definitions of Systems-Based Practice 28
Importance of Systems-Based Practice 29
Strategies for Learning Systems-Based Practice 29
Patient Care Review Projects 29
Simulation 30
Web-Based Knowledge 31
Formal Didactic Education 32
Conclusion 32
References 32
8 How to Succeed in the Pediatric Clerkship 33
Introduction 33
General Overview of Approach to the Clerkship 33
Medical Knowledge 34
Elements 34
Patient Care 35
Elements 35
Interpersonal and Communication Skills 36
Online Appendices e1
Appendix 1 Competency-Based Career Planning e1
Introduction e1
Medical Knowledge e1
Patient Care e2
Practice-Based Learning and Improvement e3
Interpersonal and Communication Skills e3
Professionalism e4
Systems-Based Practice e4
Summary e5
Appendix 2 Organization and Time Management e6
Introduction e6
Medical Knowledge e6
Patient Care e6
Practice-Based Learning and Improvement e8
Interpersonal and Communication Skills e8
Professionalism e9
Systems-Based Practice e10
Conclusion e10
Appendix 3 Nonclinical Activities e11
Introduction e11
Medical Knowledge e11
Patient Care e11
Practice-Based Learning and Improvement e12
Interpersonal and Communication Skills e13
Professionalism e13
Systems-Based Practice e14
II The Outpatient Office 65
13 Essentials of the Pediatric Well Child Visit 67
14 Developmental Screening and Surveillance 80
References 84
15 Anticipatory Guidance 84
References 88
16 The Newborn Well Child Visit 89
References 96
17 Teaching Visual: 96
Objectives 96
References 100
18 The 1-, 2-, and 4-Month Well Child Visits 101
References 105
19 The 6-Month Well Child Visit 106
References 111
20 The 9-Month Well Child Visit 112
References 118
21 The 12-Month Well Child Visit 118
References 122
22 The 18- and 24-Month Well Child Visits 123
References 128
23 The Annual Well Child Visit 129
References 133
24 The Adolescent Well Visit 134
References 141
Developmental Problems 142
25 The Special Needs Child 142
References 146
26 Autism 146
27 Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (Case 1) 152
Case: 152
Patient Care 153
Clinical Thinking 153
History 153
Physical Examination 153
Tests for Consideration 153
References 160
28 Down Syndrome 161
References 165
Episodic Care 165
29 Preparticipation Physical Evaluation 165
References 170
30 Sore Throat (Case 2) 170
Case: 170
Patient Care 171
Clinical Thinking 171
History 171
Physical Examination 171
Tests for Consideration 172
Reference 177
31 Cough (Case 3) 178
Case: 178
Patient Care 179
Clinical Thinking 179
History 179
Physical Examination 179
Tests for Consideration 180
Reference 186
32 Headache in Childhood (Case 4) 186
Case: 186
Patient Care 187
Clinical Thinking 187
History 187
Physical Examination 188
Tests for Consideration 188
References 192
33 Eye Pain and Discharge (Case 5) 192
Case: 192
Patient Care 193
Clinical Thinking 193
History 193
Physical Examination 193
Tests for Consideration 194
References 200
34 Diarrhea (Case 6) 201
Case: 201
Patient Care 201
Clinical Thinking 201
History 201
Physical Examination 202
Tests for Consideration 202
Reference 209
35 Constipation (Case 7) 209
Case: 209
Patient Care 210
Clinical Thinking 210
History 210
Physical Examination 210
Tests for Consideration 211
Reference 215
36 Fever (Case 8) 216
Case: 216
Patient Care 216
Clinical Thinking 216
History 217
Physical Examination 217
Tests for Consideration 218
References 223
37 Ear Pain (Case 9) 224
Case: 224
Patient Care 224
Clinical Thinking 224
History 224
Physical Examination 225
Tests for Consideration 225
References 231
38 Teaching Visual: 232
Objectives 232
Medical Knowledge 232
References 238
39 Weight Gain (Case 10) 238
Case: 238
Patient Care 239
Clinical Thinking 239
History 239
Physical Examination 240
Tests for Consideration 240
References 246
40 Feeding Difficulty (Case 11) 247
Case: 247
Patient Care 247
Clinical Thinking 247
History 248
Physical Examination 248
Tests for Consideration 248
41 Dysuria (Case 12) 255
Case: 255
Patient Care 256
Clinical Thinking 256
History 256
Physical Examination 256
Tests for Consideration 256
References 263
Professor’s Pearls 263
III The Inpatient Ward 267
42 Family-Centered Care 269
References 272
43 Fever and Rash (Case 13) 273
Case: 273
Patient Care 274
History 274
Physical Examination 274
Tests for Consideration 275
References 281
44 Difficulty Breathing (Case 14) 282
Case: 282
Patient Care 283
Clinical Thinking 283
History 283
Physical Examination 283
Tests for Consideration 284
45 Anemia (Case 15) 291
Case: 291
Patient Care 291
Clinical Thinking 291
History 292
Physical Examination 293
Tests for Consideration 293
References 299
46 Neonatal Fever (Case 16) 300
Case: 300
Patient Care 300
Clinical Thinking 300
History 301
Physical Examination 301
Tests for Consideration 302
References 308
47 Seizure (Case 17) 308
Case: 308
Patient Care 309
Clinical Thinking 309
History 309
Physical Examination 309
Tests for Consideration 310
Reference 317
48 Apparent Life-Threatening Event (Case 18) 318
Case: 318
Patient Care 319
Clinical Thinking 319
History 319
Physical Examination 319
Tests for Consideration 320
49 Meningitis (Case 19) 326
Case: 326
Patient Care 327
Clinical Thinking 327
History 327
Physical Examination 327
Tests for Consideration 328
References 334
50 Teaching Visual: Lumbar Puncture 334
Objectives 334
Medical Knowledge 334
Before Starting the Procedure 334
Beginning the Procedure 335
Positioning the Patient 335
Prepping the Area 336
Performing the Procedure 336
Reference 339
51 Skin and Soft Tissue Infections (Case 20) 340
Case: 340
Patient Care 340
Clinical Thinking 340
History 341
Physical Examination 341
Tests for Consideration 341
Reference 347
52 The Limping Child (Case 21) 348
Case: 348
Patient Care 348
Clinical Thinking 348
History 349
Physical Examination 349
Tests for Consideration 349
53 Teaching Visual: Growth Plate Fracture Classification 356
Objectives 356
Medical Knowledge 356
References 359
Professor’s Pearls 359
IV The Newborn Nursery 365
54 The Newborn Examination 367
Reference 371
55 Dysmorphology 372
References 378
56 Infant Feeding 379
References 384
57 Newborn Screening 384
References 390
58 Newborn Hearing Screen (Case 22) 391
Introduction 393
References 399
59 The Late-Preterm Infant 400
References 403
60 Jaundice (Case 23) 404
Case: 404
Patient Care 405
Clinical Thinking 405
History 406
Physical Examination 407
Tests for Consideration 407
References 413
61 Feeding Difficulty in the Newborn (Case 24) 413
Case: 413
Patient Care 414
Clinical Thinking 414
History 414
Physical Examination 414
Tests for Consideration 415
References 419
62 Early-Onset Group B Streptococcal Disease (Case 25) 420
Case: 420
Patient Care 421
Clinical Thinking 421
History 421
Physical Examination 422
Tests for Consideration 422
References 427
63 Delayed Meconium Passage (Case 26) 428
Case: 428
Patient Care 428
Clinical Thinking 428
History 429
Physical Examination 429
Tests for Consideration 429
64 Antenatal Hydronephrosis (Case 27) 434
Case: 434
Patient Care 434
Clinical Thinking 434
History 435
Physical Examination 435
Tests for Consideration 435
65 The Newborn With a Murmur (Case 28) 441
Case: 441
Patient Care 442
Clinical Thinking 442
History 442
Physical Examination 442
Tests for Consideration 443
66 Transient Tachypnea of the Newborn (Case 29) 448
Case: 448
Patient Care 449
Clinical Thinking 449
History 449
Physical Examination 449
Tests for Consideration 450
67 Neonatal Hypoglycemia (Case 30) 455
Case: 455
Patient Care 456
Clinical Thinking 456
History 456
Physical Examination 457
Tests for Consideration 457
References 461
Professor’s Pearls 462
V The Neonatal Intensive Care Unit 467
68 Delivery Room Management of the Newborn Infant 469
References 474
69 The Preterm Infant 474
References 478
70 The Growth-Restricted Infant 479
Reference 483
71 Follow-Up Care of the Premature Infant 483
72 Necrotizing Enterocolitis (Case 31) 489
Case: 489
Patient Care 490
Clinical Thinking 490
History 490
Physical Examination 491
Tests for Consideration 491
References 499
73 Respiratory Distress Syndrome (Case 32) 499
Case: 499
Patient Care 500
Clinical Thinking 500
History 500
Physical Examination 500
Tests for Consideration 501
Reference 507
74 Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia (Case 33) 508
Case: 508
Patient Care 509
Clinical Thinking 509
History 509
Physical Examination 509
Tests for Consideration 510
75 Tracheoesophageal Fistula (Case 34) 515
Case: 515
Patient Care 516
Clinical Thinking 516
History 516
Physical Examination 516
Tests for Consideration 516
76 Meconium Aspiration Syndrome (Case 35) 521
Case: 521
Patient Care 522
Clinical Thinking 522
History 522
Physical Examination 523
Tests for Consideration 523
Reference 528
77 Neonatal Sepsis (Case 36) 528
Case: 528
Patient Care 529
Clinical Thinking 529
History 529
Physical Examination 530
Tests for Consideration 530
Reference 535
78 Intraventricular Hemorrhage (Case 37) 536
Case: 536
Patient Care 537
Clinical Thinking 537
History 537
Physical Examination 537
Tests for Consideration 537
Reference 543
79 Cyanotic Newborn (Case 38) 544
Case: 544
Patient Care 545
Clinical Thinking 545
History 545
Physical Examination 545
Tests for Consideration 546
Reference 551
80 Teaching Visual: Fetal Circulation 552
Objectives 552
Medical Knowledge 552
Professor’s Pearls 556
VI The Pediatric Intensive Care Unit 561
81 Raised Intracranial Pressure (Case 39) 563
Case: 563
Patient Care 564
Clinical Thinking 564
History 564
Physical Examination 564
Tests for Consideration 564
Reference 567
82 Arrhythmia (Case 40) 570
Case: 570
Patient Care 571
Clinical Thinking 571
History 571
Physical Examination 571
Tests for Consideration 571
Reference 576
83 Acute Respiratory Failure (Case 41) 577
Case: 577
Patient Care 577
Clinical Thinking 577
History 578
Physical Examination 579
Tests for Consideration 579
84 Shock (Case 42) 585
Case: 585
Patient Care 586
Clinical Thinking 586
History 587
Physical Examination 587
Tests for Consideration 587
85 Diabetic Ketoacidosis (Case 43) 594
Case: 594
Patient Care 595
Clinical Thinking 595
History 595
Physical Examination 596
Tests for Consideration 596
References 601
86 Trauma (Case 44) 601
Case: 601
Patient Care 602
Clinical Thinking 602
History 604
Physical Examination 604
Tests for Consideration 604
Reference 610
87 Status Asthmaticus (Case 45) 610
Case: 610
Patient Care 611
Clinical Thinking 611
History 611
Physical Examination 611
Tests for Consideration 611
88 The Chronic Child (Case 46) 616
Case: 616
Patient Care 617
Clinical Thinking 617
History 617
Physical Examination 617
Tests for Consideration 617
References 623
89 Status Epilepticus (Case 47) 623
Case: 623
Patient Care 624
Clinical Thinking 624
History 625
Physical Examination 625
Tests for Consideration 625
90 Myocarditis (Case 48) 631
Case: 631
Patient Care 631
Clinical Thinking 631
History 632
Physical Examination 632
Tests for Consideration 632
Professor’s Pearls 638
VII The Emergency Department 643
91 Focused Evaluation of the Emergent Pediatric Patient: 645
92 Dehydration (Case 49) 649
Case: 649
Patient Care 649
Clinical Thinking 649
History 650
Physical Examination 650
Tests for Consideration 650
References 653
93 Lumps and Bumps (Case 50) 657
Case: 657
Patient Care 658
Clinical Thinking 658
History 658
Physical Examination 658
Tests for Consideration 658
94 Abdominal Pain (Case 51) 667
Case: 667
Patient Care 667
Clinical Thinking 667
History 668
Physical Examination 668
Tests for Consideration 668
References 675
95 Chest Pain (Case 52) 676
Case: 676
Patient Care 676
Clinical Thinking 676
History 677
Physical Examination 677
Tests for Consideration 678
96 Physical Abuse (Case 53) 683
Case: 683
Patient Care 684
Clinical Thinking 684
History 684
Physical Examination 684
Tests for Consideration 685
97 Pediatric Poisonings (Case 54) 690
Case: 690
Patient Care 690
Clinical Thinking 690
History 691
Physical Examination 691
Tests for Consideration 692
98 Petechial Rash (Case 55) 697
Case: 697
Patient Care 698
Clinical Thinking 698
History 698
Physical Examination 698
Tests for Consideration 698
Reference 703
99 Animal Bite (Case 56) 706
Case: 706
Patient Care 707
Clinical Thinking 707
History 707
Physical Examination 708
Tests for Consideration 708
References 713
Professor’s Pearls 714
VIII The Competencies: Challenges and Perspectives 717
100 Giving Bad News 719
References 723
101 Difficult Encounters 723
References 728
102 Teamwork and Communication 729
References 733
103 Patient Safety 733
References 737
104 Informed Consent 738
References 742
105 Ethics in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: 743
References 747
106 The Challenge of Immunization Refusal 748
References 752
107 Building Rapport With the Pediatric Patient: 753
How to Make a Good First and Caring Impression 754
References 755
108 The Core Competencies in a Disaster Zone: 756
Medical Knowledge 757
“You Know What You Know” 757
Patient Care 757
What Is Quality Care? 757
Practice-Based Learning and Improvement 758
Integrate Evidence With Values 758
Interpersonal and Communication Skills 758
Bonding Through Nonverbal Communication 758
Professionalism 758
Let the Welfare of the Patient Reign Above All Else 758
Systems-Based Practice 759
Systems, What Systems? 759
Credits 761
Text 761
Section I Appendix 1 761
Figures 761
Index 763
A 763
B 767
C 769
D 773
E 776
F 778
G 781
H 782
I 785
J 788
K 789
L 789
M 790
N 793
O 796
P 798
Q 803
R 803
S 805
T 810
U 812
V 812
W 813
Z 815