Additional Information
Book Details
Abstract
Endosonography—by Drs. Robert H. Hawes, Paul Fockens, and Shyam Varadarjulu—is a rich visual guide that covers everything you need to effectively perform EUS, interpret your findings, diagnose accurately, and choose the best treatment course. World-renowned endosonographers help beginners apply endosonography in the staging of cancers, evaluating chronic pancreatitis, and studying bile duct abnormalities and submucosal lesions. Practicing endosonographers can learn cutting-edge techniques for performing therapeutic interventions such as drainage of pancreatic pseudocysts and EUS-guided anti-tumor therapy. This updated 2nd edition features online access to the fully searchable text, videos detailing various methods and procedures, and more at www.expertconsult.com. You’ll have a complete overview of all aspects of EUS, from instrumentation to therapeutic procedures.
- Gain a detailed visual understanding on how to perform EUS using illustrations and high-quality images.
- Understand the role of EUS with the aid of algorithms that define its place in specific disease states.
- Locate information quickly and easily through a consistent chapter structure, with procedures organized by body system.
- Access the fully searchable text online at www.expertconsult.com, along with 60 procedural video clips, 300 downloadable PowerPoint slides, and 400 downloadable images, and regular updates reflecting the latest findings.
- Stay abreast of the most recent studies thanks to downloadable tables that summarize new information, updated on a quarterly basis.
- Master the technique of systematically performing EUS, then download the hundreds of slides and videos available online to teach and train the newer generation of endoscopists.
- Find coverage relevant to your needs with detailed chapters, illustrations, and videos on how to perform EUS for the beginner; a new section on international EUS and technical tips on how to handle difficult FNAs for the advanced user; a totally revised chapter on cytopathology for the pathologist; and a chapter on EBUS and EUS dedicated to the mediastinum for the pulmonologist.
- Get a clear overview of everything you need to know to establish an endoscopic practice, from what equipment to buy to providing effective cytopathology service.
- Tap into the expertise of world-renowned leaders in endosonography, Drs. Robert H. Hawes, Paul Fockens, and Shyam Varadarajulu.
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Front Cover | Cover | ||
| Endosonography | iii | ||
| Copyright | iv | ||
| Dedication | v | ||
| Contributors | vii | ||
| Preface | ix | ||
| Acknowledgments | xi | ||
| Contents | xiii | ||
| Section I: Basics of EUS | 1 | ||
| Chapter 1: Principles of Ultrasound | 2 | ||
| Introduction | 2 | ||
| Basic Ultrasound Physics | 2 | ||
| Basics of Ultrasound Instrumentation | 4 | ||
| Imaging Principles | 6 | ||
| Doppler | 8 | ||
| Imaging Artifacts | 9 | ||
| Summary | 12 | ||
| References | 12 | ||
| Chapter 2: Equipment | 13 | ||
| Introduction | 13 | ||
| Establishing an eus service | 13 | ||
| Equipment | 14 | ||
| Accessories | 18 | ||
| Choosing Equipment | 21 | ||
| References | 21 | ||
| Chapter 3: Training and Simulators | 22 | ||
| Introduction | 22 | ||
| Guidelines for Training | 23 | ||
| Training Program Requirements | 24 | ||
| Credentialing in EUS | 25 | ||
| Mucosal tumors | 25 | ||
| Subepithelial abnormalities | 25 | ||
| Pancreaticobiliary imaging | 25 | ||
| EUS-Guided Fine-Needle Aspiration | 25 | ||
| Comprehensive EUS competence | 26 | ||
| Recredentialing and renewal of EUS privileges | 26 | ||
| Simulators in EUS | 26 | ||
| Summary | 27 | ||
| References | 27 | ||
| Chapter 4: Indications, Preparation, Risks, and Complications | 29 | ||
| Indications | 29 | ||
| Patient Preparation | 30 | ||
| Risks and Complications | 34 | ||
| References | 36 | ||
| Section II: Mediastinum | 39 | ||
| Chapter 5: How to Perform EUS in the Esophagus and Mediastinum | 40 | ||
| Esophagus | 40 | ||
| Mediastinum | 41 | ||
| Summary | 44 | ||
| Reference | 44 | ||
| Chapter 6: EUS and EBUS in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer | 45 | ||
| Introduction | 45 | ||
| EUS Fine-Needle Aspiration for the Diagnosis and Staging of Lung Cancer | 45 | ||
| EBUS Transbronchial Needle Aspiration for the Diagnosis and Staging of Lung Cancer | 52 | ||
| Impact of Endosonography on Patient Management | 54 | ||
| Endosonography versus other mediastinal staging methods | 54 | ||
| Complete Echoendoscopic Staging | 55 | ||
| Position of EUS and EBUS in lung cancer staging algorithms | 55 | ||
| Future Perspectives | 55 | ||
| References | 56 | ||
| Chapter 7: EUS in Esophageal Cancer | 59 | ||
| Introduction | 59 | ||
| Importance of staging | 59 | ||
| EUS, Computed Tomography, and Positron Emission Tomography | 59 | ||
| Equipment | 61 | ||
| Technique | 62 | ||
| Esophageal Dilation and Alternatives | 63 | ||
| Finding and Evaluating the Celiac Axis | 63 | ||
| Evaluation of the liver | 65 | ||
| Staging of Malignant Strictures | 65 | ||
| EUS in Superficial Cancer and Barrett's Esophagus | 67 | ||
| EUS-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy of celiac and peri-intestinal lymph nodes | 68 | ||
| Controversies in EUS staging | 68 | ||
| Role and Limitation of EUS Following Neoadjuvant Therapy | 68 | ||
| Impact of EUS on survival in patients with esophageal cancer | 69 | ||
| Summary | 69 | ||
| References | 69 | ||
| Chapter 8: EUS in the Evaluation of Posterior Mediastinal Lesions | 71 | ||
| Introduction | 71 | ||
| EUS Evaluation of Enlarged Posterior Mediastinal Lymph Nodes | 71 | ||
| Differential diagnosis of enlarged posterior mediastinal lymph nodes | 74 | ||
| Malignant posterior mediastinal lymph nodes | 74 | ||
| Benign Posterior Mediastinal Lymph Nodes | 74 | ||
| Impact of EUS Fine-Needle Aspiration of Mediastinal Lymph Nodes on Subsequent Thoracic Surgery Rates | 75 | ||
| Mediastinal Masses | 76 | ||
| Summary | 77 | ||
| References | 78 | ||
| Section III: Stomach | 81 | ||
| Chapter 9: How to Perform EUS in the Stomach | 82 | ||
| Summary | 83 | ||
| Chapter 10: Submucosal Lesions | 84 | ||
| Introduction | 84 | ||
| Comparison of accuracy between EUS and other imaging modalities | 84 | ||
| Extramural Lesions | 85 | ||
| Evaluation of submucosal lesions | 86 | ||
| Gastointestinal stromal tumor | 86 | ||
| Aberrant Pancreas | 87 | ||
| Lipoma | 88 | ||
| Carcinoid Tumor | 89 | ||
| Granular Cell Tumor | 89 | ||
| Cysts including duplication cyst | 90 | ||
| Varices | 91 | ||
| Inflammatory Fibroid Polyps | 91 | ||
| Rare lesions | 92 | ||
| Tissue Sampling for Histologic Assessment of Subepithelial Lesions | 93 | ||
| Management of Subepithelial Lesions | 94 | ||
| Summary | 94 | ||
| References | 95 | ||
| Chapter 11: EUS in the Evaluation of Gastric Tumors | 97 | ||
| Introduction | 97 | ||
| Gastric Cancer | 97 | ||
| Primary Gastric Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma | 104 | ||
| Evaluation of Thickened Gastric Folds at EUS | 109 | ||
| References | 111 | ||
| Section IV: Pancreas and Biliary Tree | 115 | ||
| Chapter 12: How to Perform EUS in the Pancreas, Bile Duct, and Liver | 116 | ||
| Pancreas | 116 | ||
| Bile Duct | 123 | ||
| Liver | 124 | ||
| Chapter 13: EUS in Inflammatory Diseases of the Pancreas | 127 | ||
| Introduction | 127 | ||
| The Noninflamed Pancreas on EUS | 128 | ||
| Chronic Pancreatitis Diagnosis and Staging | 128 | ||
| Acute Pancreatitis | 140 | ||
| Enhanced EUS in pancreatitis | 142 | ||
| Summary | 143 | ||
| Acknowledgments | 144 | ||
| References | 144 | ||
| Chapter 14: EUS in Pancreatic Tumors | 148 | ||
| Introduction | 149 | ||
| Detection of Pancreatic Tumors | 149 | ||
| Staging of Pancreatic Tumors | 151 | ||
| Vascular Invasion by Pancreatic Tumors | 153 | ||
| Resectability of pancreatic tumors | 155 | ||
| EUS Fine-Needle Aspiration of Pancreatic Cancer | 155 | ||
| Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors | 159 | ||
| Pancreatic Metastases | 159 | ||
| References | 162 | ||
| Chapter 15: EUS in the Evaluation of Pancreatic Cysts | 166 | ||
| Introduction | 166 | ||
| EUS and other imaging modalities | 166 | ||
| Congenital or \"simple\" cysts | 167 | ||
| Pseudocysts | 167 | ||
| Serous cystadenoma | 168 | ||
| Mucinous Cystadenoma and Adenocarcinoma | 169 | ||
| Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasia | 170 | ||
| Solid cystic pseudopapillary neoplasm | 171 | ||
| Cystic endocrine tumors | 171 | ||
| Other Cystic Lesions | 171 | ||
| Endosonographic appearances of cystic lesions | 172 | ||
| EUS-guided fine-needle aspiration | 172 | ||
| EUS-guided core biopsies and brush cytology | 173 | ||
| Complications of EUS fine-needle aspiration of cystic lesions | 173 | ||
| Cytology and Cyst Fluid Analysis | 173 | ||
| Diagnostic approach | 174 | ||
| Future Developments | 175 | ||
| References | 176 | ||
| Chapter 16: EUS in Bile Duct, Gallbladder, and Ampullary Lesions | 178 | ||
| Bile Duct Stones | 178 | ||
| Bile Duct Tumors | 184 | ||
| Gallbladder Disease (Excluding Stones) | 188 | ||
| Ampullary Tumors | 191 | ||
| References | 195 | ||
| Secton V: Anorectum | 201 | ||
| Chapter 17: How to Perform Anorectal EUS | 202 | ||
| The perianal area | 202 | ||
| The Rectum | 202 | ||
| Reference | 204 | ||
| Chapter 18: EUS in Rectal Cancer | 205 | ||
| Introduction | 205 | ||
| EUS technique | 205 | ||
| Equipment | 206 | ||
| Staging | 207 | ||
| Learning Curve | 208 | ||
| Recurrent rectal cancer | 208 | ||
| Follow-Up After Resection | 209 | ||
| References | 209 | ||
| Chapter 19: Evaluation of the Anal Sphincter by Anal EUS | 211 | ||
| Introduction | 211 | ||
| Equipment and examination technique | 211 | ||
| Anal sphincter anatomy | 212 | ||
| Normal Endosonographic Findings | 213 | ||
| Anal sphincter function | 214 | ||
| Anorectal Physiologic Testing | 215 | ||
| Sonographic Findings in Anal Incontinence | 215 | ||
| Sonographic Findings in Other Anal Disorders | 219 | ||
| References | 221 | ||
| Section VI: EUS-Guided Fine-Needle Aspiration | 223 | ||
| Chapter 20: How to Perform EUS-Guided Fine-Needle Aspiration and Biopsy | 224 | ||
| Introduction | 224 | ||
| Steps for EUS Fine-Needle Aspiration | 224 | ||
| EUS-guided biopsy | 230 | ||
| Special Issues | 231 | ||
| Summary | 232 | ||
| References | 232 | ||
| Chapter 21: A Cytology Primer for Endosonographers | 234 | ||
| Introduction | 234 | ||
| Technical Aspects of EUS that Improve Diagnostic Yield | 234 | ||
| Factors Associated with Improved Cytologic Preparation | 238 | ||
| EUS Fine-Needle Aspiration of Specific Sites | 240 | ||
| Summary | 249 | ||
| References | 249 | ||
| Section VII: Interventional EUS | 253 | ||
| Chapter 22: EUS-Guided Drainage of Pancreatic Pseudocysts | 254 | ||
| Introduction | 254 | ||
| Current Treatment Approaches and Limitations | 254 | ||
| Clinical Outcomes of Eus-Guided Drainage | 260 | ||
| Technical Limitations | 261 | ||
| Summary | 262 | ||
| References | 263 | ||
| Chapter 23: EUS-Guided Drainage of the Biliary and Pancreatic Ductal Systems | 264 | ||
| Introduction | 264 | ||
| General Role | 264 | ||
| Patient Preparation | 264 | ||
| Equipment and Technical Considerations | 265 | ||
| EUS-Guided Access and Therapy of the Biliary Ductal System (Videos 23.1 and 23.2) | 265 | ||
| EUS-Guided Access and Therapy of the Pancreatic Ductal System (Video 23.3) | 270 | ||
| Technical Challenges and Tips | 272 | ||
| Physician Experience and Training | 273 | ||
| Summary | 273 | ||
| References | 273 | ||
| Chapter 24: EUS-Guided Ablation Therapy and Celiac Plexus Interventions | 275 | ||
| Introduction | 275 | ||
| Instrumentation | 275 | ||
| Radiofrequency Ablation and Brachytherapy | 275 | ||
| Fine-Needle Injection Therapy | 277 | ||
| EUS-Guided Fiducial Placements | 278 | ||
| EUS-Guided Pancreatic Cyst Ablation | 279 | ||
| Celiac Plexus Interventions | 280 | ||
| Summary | 281 | ||
| References | 282 | ||
| Chapter 25: EUS-Guided Drainage of Pelvic Abscesses | 283 | ||
| Introduction | 283 | ||
| Current treatment options | 283 | ||
| Why EUS-Guided Drainage? | 284 | ||
| Summary | 286 | ||
| References | 286 | ||
| Appendix: Videos | 287 | ||
| Index | 289 |