BOOK
The Shoulder E-Book
Michael A. Wirth | Charles A. Rockwood | Steven B. Lippitt | Frederick A. Matsen | Steven B. Lippitt
(2009)
Additional Information
Book Details
Abstract
Significantly revised and updated, the new edition of this highly regarded reference on the shoulder continues to impress. A multitude of leading international authorities—30% new to this 4th edition—present today’s most comprehensive, in-depth view of the current state of shoulder practice, all in a beautifully illustrated, full-color 2-volume masterwork. They deliver the most up-to-date coverage of shoulder function and dysfunction, along with practical approaches for patient evaluation and balanced discussions of treatment alternatives—open and arthroscopic, surgical and nonsurgical. Greatly expanded and visually enhanced coverage of arthroscopy, as well as many new chapters, provide expert guidance on the latest minimally invasive approaches. New “Critical Points summary boxes highlight key technical tips and pearls, and two DVDs deliver new videos that demonstrate how to perform open and arthroscopic procedures. And now, as an Expert Consult title, this thoroughly updated 4th edition comes with access to the complete fully searchable contents online, as well as videos of arthroscopic procedures from the DVDs—enabling you to consult it rapidly from any computer with an Internet connection.
- Includes tips and pearls from leaders in the field, as well as their proven and preferred methods.
- Offers scientifically based coverage of shoulder function and dysfunction to aid in the decision-making process.
- Provides a balance between open and arthroscopic techniques so you can chose the right procedures for each patient.
- Includes the entire contents of the book online, fully searchable, as well as procedural videos from the DVDs, for quick, easy anywhere access.
- Features 30% new expert contributors and new chapters, including Effectiveness Evaluation and the Shoulder, Revision of Rotator Cuff Problems, Management of Complications of Rotator Cuff Surgery, Management of Infected Shoulder Prosthesis, and others, providing you with abundant fresh insights and new approaches.
- Provides new and expanded material on the management of advanced arthritis and CTA, infected arthroplasty, procedures to manage the stiff shoulder, and much more keeping you on the cusp of the newest techniques.
- Offers enhanced coverage of shoulder arthroscopy, including basic and advanced techniques and complications, for expert advice on all of the latest minimally invasive approaches.
- Devotes an entire new chapter to research frontiers to keep you apprised of what’s on the horizon.
- Incorporates “Critical Points summary boxes that highlight key technical tips and pearls.
- Uses a new full-color design for optimal visual guidance of arthroscopic views and procedures.
- Presents new videos on arthroscopic procedures on 2 DVDs to help you master the latest techniques.
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Front Cover | Cover | ||
| The Shoulder | iii | ||
| Copyright Page | iv | ||
| Dedication | v | ||
| Foreword to the Fourth Edition | vii | ||
| Foreword to the Third Edition | ix | ||
| Foreword to the First Edition | ix | ||
| Preface | xi | ||
| Contributors | xiii | ||
| Chapter 1. Developmental Anatomy of the Shoulder and Anatomy of the Glenohumeral Joint | 1 | ||
| COMPARATIVE ANATOMY | 1 | ||
| EMBRYOLOGY | 5 | ||
| POSTNATAL DEVELOPMENT | 11 | ||
| ADULT GLENOHUMERAL JOINT | 12 | ||
| REFERENCES | 29 | ||
| BIBLIOGRAPHY | 30 | ||
| Chapter 2. Gross Anatomy of the Shoulder | 33 | ||
| HISTORY | 33 | ||
| BONES AND JOINTS | 38 | ||
| MUSCLES | 48 | ||
| NERVES | 67 | ||
| BLOOD VESSELS | 79 | ||
| BURSAE, COMPARTMENTS, AND POTENTIAL SPACES | 87 | ||
| SKIN | 93 | ||
| REFERENCES | 97 | ||
| Chapter 3. Congenital Anomalies and Variational Anatomy of the Shoulder | 101 | ||
| VARIATIONAL ANATOMY OF THE SHOULDER | 101 | ||
| COMMON MALFORMATIONS OF THE SHOULDER | 117 | ||
| RARE ANOMALIES | 126 | ||
| REFERENCES | 137 | ||
| Chapter 4. Clinical Evaluation of Shoulder Problems | 145 | ||
| PATIENT HISTORY | 145 | ||
| PHYSICAL EXAMINATION | 152 | ||
| SPECIAL TESTS | 162 | ||
| REFERENCES | 176 | ||
| Chapter 5. Radiographic Evaluation of Shoulder Problems | 177 | ||
| FRACTURES OF THE GLENOHUMERAL JOINT | 177 | ||
| ANTERIOR INSTABILITY | 183 | ||
| POSTERIOR HUMERAL HEAD COMPRESSION FRACTURES ASSOCIATED WITH ANTERIOR DISLOCATION: THE HILL…SACHS DEFECT | 186 | ||
| POSTERIOR INSTABILITY | 188 | ||
| GLENOHUMERAL ARTHRITIS | 191 | ||
| GLENOHUMERAL ARTHROPLASTY | 192 | ||
| CLAVICLE | 194 | ||
| ACROMIOCLAVICULAR JOINT AND DISTAL CLAVICLE | 194 | ||
| STERNOCLAVICULAR JOINT AND MEDIAL CLAVICLE | 197 | ||
| ROTATOR CUFF | 199 | ||
| SCAPULA | 206 | ||
| CALCIFYING TENDINITIS | 207 | ||
| BICEPS TENDON | 207 | ||
| ACKNOWLEDGMENTS | 207 | ||
| REFERENCES | 207 | ||
| BIBLIOGRAPHY | 210 | ||
| Chapter 6. Biomechanics of the Shoulder | 213 | ||
| SHOULDER COMPLEX | 213 | ||
| GLENOHUMERAL AND SCAPULOTHORACIC JOINT MOTION | 217 | ||
| SHOULDER MOTION | 222 | ||
| SHOULDER CONSTRAINTS | 230 | ||
| MUSCLE AND JOINT FORCES | 250 | ||
| REFERENCES | 260 | ||
| Chapter 7. Effectiveness Evaluation of the Shoulder | 267 | ||
| HISTORY | 267 | ||
| DEVELOPMENT OF OUTCOME MEASURES | 268 | ||
| TYPES OF OUTCOME MEASURES | 268 | ||
| APPLICATION OF OUTCOME MEASURES | 269 | ||
| ASSESSING OUTCOME MEASURES | 270 | ||
| SPECIFIC OUTCOME INSTRUMENTS | 271 | ||
| AUTHOR'S CURRENT PRACTICE | 275 | ||
| FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS | 275 | ||
| SUMMARY | 275 | ||
| REFERENCES | 277 | ||
| Chapter 8. Anesthesia for Shoulder Procedures | 279 | ||
| ANESTHESIA | 279 | ||
| NEUROLOGIC INJURY AFTER SHOULDER PROCEDURES | 285 | ||
| PREOPERATIVE CONSIDERATIONS | 287 | ||
| INTRAOPERATIVE CONSIDERATIONS | 287 | ||
| POSTOPERATIVE CONSIDERATIONS | 289 | ||
| SUMMARY | 291 | ||
| REFERENCES | 291 | ||
| Chapter 9. Fractures of the Proximal Humerus | 295 | ||
| ANATOMY | 295 | ||
| MECHANISM OF INJURY | 297 | ||
| CLINICAL EVALUATION | 297 | ||
| IMAGING | 297 | ||
| CLASSIFICATION | 298 | ||
| METHODS OF TREATMENT | 300 | ||
| AUTHORS' PREFERRED METHOD OF TREATMENT | 307 | ||
| COMPLICATIONS AFTER ARTHROPLASTY | 325 | ||
| RESULTS AFTER ARTHROPLASTY | 326 | ||
| REVERSE SHOULDER ARTHROPLASTY FOR PRIMARY AND SECONDARY MANAGEMENT OF PROXIMAL HUMERUS FRACTURES | 326 | ||
| LATE COMPLICATIONS OF PROXIMAL HUMERUS FRACTURES | 327 | ||
| REFERENCES | 329 | ||
| Chapter 10. Fractures of the Scapula | 333 | ||
| ANATOMY | 333 | ||
| CLASSIFICATION OF FRACTURES OF THE SCAPULA | 334 | ||
| CLINICAL FEATURES | 335 | ||
| ASSOCIATED INJURIES AND COMPLICATIONS | 335 | ||
| RADIOGRAPHIC EVALUATION | 336 | ||
| TYPES OF FRACTURES AND METHODS OF TREATMENT | 336 | ||
| OTHER DISORDERS | 364 | ||
| AUTHORS' PREFERRED METHOD OF TREATMENT | 368 | ||
| REFERENCES | 377 | ||
| Chapter 11. Fractures of the Clavicle | 381 | ||
| HISTORICAL REVIEW | 381 | ||
| ANATOMY | 382 | ||
| MORPHOLOGY AND FUNCTION | 383 | ||
| FUNCTION | 385 | ||
| CLASSIFICATION OF CLAVICLE FRACTURES | 389 | ||
| MECHANISM OF INJURY | 394 | ||
| CLINICAL FINDINGS | 396 | ||
| RADIOGRAPHIC EVALUATION | 401 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 404 | ||
| COMPLICATIONS | 406 | ||
| TREATMENT | 413 | ||
| POSTOPERATIVE CARE | 419 | ||
| AUTHORS' PREFERRED METHOD OF TREATMENT | 419 | ||
| REFERENCES | 445 | ||
| BIBLIOGRAPHY | 450 | ||
| Chapter 12. Disorders of the Acromioclavicular Joint | 453 | ||
| DEVELOPMENTAL ANATOMY | 453 | ||
| ANATOMY AND FUNCTION | 453 | ||
| EXCISION OF THE DISTAL CLAVICLE | 457 | ||
| BIOMECHANICS OF ACROMIOCLAVICULAR MOTION | 463 | ||
| SPECTRUM OF DISORDERS | 466 | ||
| EVALUATION | 467 | ||
| TRAUMATIC DISORDERS | 474 | ||
| NONTRAUMATIC DISORDERS | 514 | ||
| REFERENCES | 518 | ||
| Chapter 13. Disorders of the Sternoclavicular Joint | 527 | ||
| SURGICAL ANATOMY | 527 | ||
| MECHANISM OF INJURY | 533 | ||
| CLASSIFICATION OF PROBLEMS OF THE STERNOCLAVICULAR JOINT | 534 | ||
| INCIDENCE OF INJURY TO THE STERNOCLAVICULAR JOINT | 537 | ||
| SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF INJURIES TO THE STERNOCLAVICULAR JOINT | 539 | ||
| RADIOGRAPHIC FINDINGS OF INJURY TO THE STERNOCLAVICULAR JOINT | 539 | ||
| TREATMENT | 542 | ||
| AUTHORS' PREFERRED METHOD OF TREATMENT | 551 | ||
| COMPLICATIONS OF INJURIES TO THE STERNOCLAVICULAR JOINT | 557 | ||
| COMPLICATIONS OF OPERATIVE PROCEDURES | 558 | ||
| REFERENCES | 559 | ||
| Chapter 14. Sepsis of the Shoulder: Molecular Mechanisms and Pathogenesis | 561 | ||
| HISTORY | 561 | ||
| SEPTIC ANATOMY OF THE SHOULDER | 562 | ||
| MICROANATOMY AND CELL BIOLOGY | 563 | ||
| CLASSIFICATION | 564 | ||
| PATHOGENIC MECHANISMS OF SEPTIC ARTHRITIS AND OSTEOMYELITIS | 565 | ||
| MICROBIAL ADHESION AND INTRA-ARTICULAR SEPSIS | 568 | ||
| BACTERIAL PATHOGENS | 569 | ||
| CLINICAL PRESENTATION | 570 | ||
| LABORATORY EVALUATION | 571 | ||
| COMPLICATIONS | 574 | ||
| TREATMENT | 575 | ||
| OUTCOME | 578 | ||
| PREVENTION | 579 | ||
| AUTHOR'S PREFERRED METHOD OF TREATMENT | 579 | ||
| SUMMARY | 580 | ||
| REFERENCES | 580 | ||
| Chapter 15. Fractures, Dislocations, and Acquired Problems of the Shoulder in Children | 583 | ||
| FRACTURES OF THE PROXIMAL HUMERUS | 583 | ||
| FRACTURES OF THE CLAVICLE | 594 | ||
| FRACTURES OF THE SCAPULA | 604 | ||
| REFERENCES | 612 | ||
| Chapter 16. Glenohumeral Instability | 617 | ||
| HISTORICAL REVIEW | 617 | ||
| RELEVANT ANATOMY | 622 | ||
| MECHANICS OF GLENOHUMERAL STABILITY | 629 | ||
| TYPES OF GLENOHUMERAL INSTABILITY | 651 | ||
| CLINICAL FINDINGS | 661 | ||
| INJURIES ASSOCIATED WITH ANTERIOR DISLOCATIONS | 666 | ||
| INJURIES ASSOCIATED WITH POSTERIOR DISLOCATIONS | 678 | ||
| TREATMENT | 678 | ||
| EVALUATION | 684 | ||
| TREATMENT | 700 | ||
| REFERENCES | 760 | ||
| BIBLIOGRAPHY | 770 | ||
| Chapter 17. Rotator Cuff | 771 | ||
| HISTORICAL REVIEW | 771 | ||
| RELEVANT ANATOMY AND MECHANICS | 775 | ||
| CLINICAL CONDITIONS INVOLVING THE CUFF | 799 | ||
| INCIDENCE OF ROTATOR CUFF DEFECTS | 800 | ||
| CLINICAL FINDINGS | 802 | ||
| CLINICAL CONDITIONS RELATED TO THE ROTATOR CUFF | 808 | ||
| SHOULDER FUNCTION AND HEALTH STATUS IN CLINICAL CONDITIONS OF THE ROTATOR CUFF | 809 | ||
| IMAGING TECHNIQUES | 810 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 817 | ||
| TREATMENT | 819 | ||
| REFERENCES | 880 | ||
| Chapter 18. Evaluation and Management of Failed Rotator Cuff Surgery | 891 | ||
| DIAGNOSIS | 891 | ||
| FAILED REPAIRS | 892 | ||
| PERSISTENT SUBACROMIAL IMPINGEMENT | 897 | ||
| STIFFNESS | 899 | ||
| HETEROTOPIC OSSIFICATION | 902 | ||
| ACROMIAL STRESS FRACTURE | 903 | ||
| DELTOID INSUFFICIENCY | 903 | ||
| CONCLUSION | 906 | ||
| REFERENCES | 906 | ||
| Chapter 19. Complications of Shoulder Arthroscopy | 909 | ||
| EARLY REPORTS AND REVIEWS | 909 | ||
| ANESTHESIA-RELATED COMPLICATIONS | 910 | ||
| GENERAL SURGICAL COMPLICATIONS | 911 | ||
| COMPLICATIONS SPECIFIC TO SHOULDER ARTHROSCOPY | 914 | ||
| BUPIVACAINE-INDUCED CHONDROLYSIS | 918 | ||
| SUMMARY | 918 | ||
| REFERENCES | 918 | ||
| Chapter 20. Shoulder Arthroscopy | 921 | ||
| HISTORY | 921 | ||
| ANATOMY | 922 | ||
| POSITIONING, PORTALS, AND DIAGNOSTIC ARTHROSCOPY | 929 | ||
| SUMMARY | 939 | ||
| REFERENCES | 939 | ||
| Arthroscopic Treatment of Shoulder Instability | 940 | ||
| PATHOANATOMY | 940 | ||
| DIAGNOSIS AND DIAGNOSTIC ARTHROSCOPY IN SHOULDER INSTABILITY | 941 | ||
| MANAGEMENT OF POST-TRAUMATIC ANTERIOR INSTABILITY | 942 | ||
| ARTHROSCOPIC MANAGEMENT OF POSTERIOR INSTABILITY | 950 | ||
| ARTHROSCOPIC MANAGEMENT OF MULTIDIRECTIONAL INSTABILITY | 952 | ||
| POSTOPERATIVE MANAGEMENT AND RETURN TO PLAY | 956 | ||
| COMPLICATIONS OF STABILIZATION SURGERY | 957 | ||
| CONCLUSIONS | 957 | ||
| REFERENCES | 958 | ||
| Arthroscopic Management of Rotator Cuff Disease | 961 | ||
| ARTHROSCOPIC MANAGEMENT OF IMPINGEMENT SYNDROME | 961 | ||
| ARTHROSCOPIC ROTATOR CUFF REPAIR | 964 | ||
| ARTHROSCOPIC MANAGEMENT OF SUBSCAPULARIS TEARS | 980 | ||
| REFERENCES | 982 | ||
| Acromioclavicular Joint Arthritis and Instability | 984 | ||
| ANATOMY OF THE ACROMIOCLAVICULAR JOINT | 984 | ||
| EXCISION OF THE DISTAL CLAVICLE | 984 | ||
| STABILIZATION OF THE ACROMIOCLAVICULAR JOINT | 990 | ||
| REFERENCES | 992 | ||
| Arthroscopic Treatment of Shoulder Stiffness and Calcific Tendinitis of the Rotator Cuff | 993 | ||
| PRIMARY ADHESIVE CAPSULITIS | 993 | ||
| SECONDARY ADHESIVE CAPSULITIS | 998 | ||
| SECONDARY SHOULDER STIFFNESS | 998 | ||
| CALCIFIC TENDINITIS | 1000 | ||
| REFERENCES | 1001 | ||
| Arthroscopic Management of Arthritic and Prearthritic Conditions of the Shoulder | 1002 | ||
| OSTEOARTHRITIS | 1002 | ||
| INFLAMMATORY SYNOVITIS AND ARTHRITIS | 1007 | ||
| RENAL ARTHROPATHY | 1008 | ||
| OSTEONECROSIS | 1008 | ||
| ARTHROSCOPY AFTER HEMIARTHROPLASTY AND TOTAL SHOULDER ARTHROPLASTY | 1008 | ||
| SUMMARY | 1009 | ||
| REFERENCES | 1009 | ||
| Biceps in Shoulder Arthroscopy | 1011 | ||
| DIAGNOSIS OF BICEPS PATHOLOGY | 1011 | ||
| TREATMENT | 1013 | ||
| COEXISTING DIAGNOSES | 1018 | ||
| CONCLUSION | 1019 | ||
| REFERENCES | 1019 | ||
| SLAP Tears | 1020 | ||
| ANATOMY | 1020 | ||
| BIOMECHANICS | 1021 | ||
| CLASSIFICATION | 1021 | ||
| DIAGNOSIS | 1022 | ||
| SURGICAL MANAGEMENT | 1024 | ||
| SURGICAL TECHNIQUE | 1025 | ||
| PARALABRAL GANGLION CYSTS | 1026 | ||
| CONCLUSIONS | 1028 | ||
| REFERENCES | 1028 | ||
| Thrower's Shoulder | 1029 | ||
| INTERNAL IMPINGEMENT | 1030 | ||
| DIAGNOSIS OF THROWER'S INJURY | 1031 | ||
| TREATMENT | 1033 | ||
| CONCLUSION | 1043 | ||
| REFERENCES | 1043 | ||
| Chapter 21. Advanced Shoulder Arthroscopy | 1045 | ||
| EVOLUTION OF SHOULDER ARTHROSCOPY | 1045 | ||
| THE SHOULDER AS A HOUSE | 1045 | ||
| THE ARTHROSCOPIC PORTALS | 1046 | ||
| SHOULDER PATHOLOGY BY AREA | 1047 | ||
| REFERENCES | 1087 | ||
| Chapter 22. Glenohumeral Arthritis and Its Management | 1089 | ||
| MECHANICS OF ARTHRITIS AND ARTHROPLASTY | 1089 | ||
| CLINICAL FINDINGS AND EVALUATION | 1107 | ||
| TREATMENT | 1131 | ||
| COMPLICATIONS | 1222 | ||
| REVISION | 1229 | ||
| REFERENCES | 1238 | ||
| BIBLIOGRAPHY | 1246 | ||
| Chapter 23. Advanced Evaluation and Management of Glenohumeral Arthritis in the Cuff-Deficient Shoulder | 1247 | ||
| HISTORY AND BIOMECHANICS OF REVERSE ARTHROPLASTY | 1247 | ||
| CLASSIFICATION OF CUFF TEAR ARTHROPATHY | 1249 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 1254 | ||
| EVALUATION | 1255 | ||
| TREATMENT | 1255 | ||
| COMPLICATIONS AND THEIR MANAGEMENT | 1274 | ||
| REFERENCES | 1275 | ||
| Chapter 24. Management of the Infected Shoulder Arthroplasty | 1277 | ||
| PATIENT EVALUATION | 1277 | ||
| TREATMENT | 1279 | ||
| SUMMARY | 1282 | ||
| REFERENCES | 1282 | ||
| Chapter 25. Calcifying Tendinitis* | 1283 | ||
| HISTORICAL REVIEW | 1283 | ||
| ANATOMY | 1283 | ||
| INCIDENCE | 1284 | ||
| CLASSIFICATION | 1285 | ||
| PATHOLOGY | 1286 | ||
| PATHOGENESIS | 1288 | ||
| CLINICAL FINDINGS | 1291 | ||
| RADIOLOGY | 1293 | ||
| LABORATORY INVESTIGATIONS | 1295 | ||
| COMPLICATIONS | 1296 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 1296 | ||
| TREATMENT | 1296 | ||
| CONCLUSION | 1304 | ||
| REFERENCES | 1305 | ||
| Chapter 26. The Biceps Tendon | 1309 | ||
| HISTORICAL REVIEW | 1309 | ||
| ANATOMY | 1312 | ||
| FUNCTION OF THE BICEPS TENDON | 1321 | ||
| CLASSIFICATION OF BICIPITAL LESIONS | 1326 | ||
| INCIDENCE | 1329 | ||
| ETIOLOGY | 1330 | ||
| PREVENTION | 1331 | ||
| CLINICAL FEATURES OF BICIPITAL LESIONS | 1331 | ||
| DIAGNOSTIC TESTS | 1334 | ||
| COMPLICATIONS | 1339 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 1339 | ||
| TREATMENT | 1341 | ||
| SUMMARY | 1355 | ||
| REFERENCES | 1355 | ||
| Chapter 27. Nerve Problems About the Shoulder | 1361 | ||
| CLINICAL EVALUATION | 1361 | ||
| MUSCULOCUTANEOUS NERVE INJURY | 1362 | ||
| AXILLARY NERVE | 1363 | ||
| SPINAL ACCESSORY NERVE | 1366 | ||
| LONG THORACIC NERVE | 1369 | ||
| SUPRASCAPULAR NERVE | 1372 | ||
| THORACIC OUTLET SYNDROME | 1374 | ||
| PARSONAGE–TURNER SYNDROME (BRACHIAL PLEXUS NEUROPATHY) | 1376 | ||
| BRACHIAL PLEXUS INJURIES | 1377 | ||
| REFERENCES | 1385 | ||
| BIBLIOGRAPHY | 1388 | ||
| Chapter 28. Muscle Ruptures Affecting the Shoulder Girdle | 1389 | ||
| GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF RUPTURE OF THE MUSCULOTENDINOUS UNIT | 1389 | ||
| RUPTURE OF THE PECTORALIS MAJOR | 1390 | ||
| RUPTURE OF THE DELTOID | 1394 | ||
| RUPTURE OF THE TRICEPS | 1395 | ||
| RUPTURE OF THE BICEPS | 1397 | ||
| RUPTURE OF THE SERRATUS ANTERIOR | 1399 | ||
| RUPTURE OF THE CORACOBRACHIALIS | 1400 | ||
| RUPTURE OF THE SUBSCAPULARIS | 1400 | ||
| RUPTURE OF THE PECTORALIS MINOR | 1401 | ||
| RUPTURE OF THE SUPRASPINATUS | 1401 | ||
| RUPTURE OF THE INFRASPINATUS | 1401 | ||
| RUPTURE OF THE TERES MAJOR | 1402 | ||
| CONCLUSION | 1402 | ||
| REFERENCES | 1402 | ||
| BIBLIOGRAPHY | 1403 | ||
| Chapter 29. The Stiff Shoulder | 1405 | ||
| DEFINITION | 1405 | ||
| CLASSIFICATION | 1405 | ||
| NORMAL MOTION AND PATHOMECHANICS | 1406 | ||
| PATHOPHYSIOLOGY | 1408 | ||
| DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA | 1409 | ||
| EPIDEMIOLOGY | 1410 | ||
| PREDISPOSING FACTORS | 1410 | ||
| EVALUATION | 1412 | ||
| NATURAL HISTORY | 1414 | ||
| TREATMENT | 1414 | ||
| AUTHORS’ PREFERED TREATMENT | 1423 | ||
| SUMMARY | 1428 | ||
| ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS | 1429 | ||
| REFERENCES | 1429 | ||
| BIBLIOGRAPHY | 1433 | ||
| Chapter 30. The Shoulder in Athletes | 1437 | ||
| SPORTS-SPECIFIC BIOMECHANICS | 1437 | ||
| ASYMPTOMATIC THROWING SHOULDER ADAPTATION | 1446 | ||
| THROWING SHOULDER CONDITIONS | 1449 | ||
| EVALUATION OF THE OVERHEAD ATHLETE | 1454 | ||
| TREATMENT | 1455 | ||
| TRAUMATIC INJURIES | 1472 | ||
| NEUROVASCULAR INJURIES | 1479 | ||
| CONCLUSION | 1483 | ||
| REFERENCES | 1483 | ||
| Chapter 31. Occupational Shoulder Disorders | 1489 | ||
| OCCUPATIONAL SHOULDER DISORDERS | 1490 | ||
| DEGENERATIVE JOINT DISEASE | 1495 | ||
| PREVENTION | 1496 | ||
| OUTCOMES OF TREATMENT | 1499 | ||
| EVALUATION OF UPPER EXTREMITY DISABILITY AND IMPAIRMENT | 1501 | ||
| CURRENT DISABILITY COMPENSATION SYSTEMS | 1503 | ||
| PRIVATE INSURANCE COMPANIES | 1505 | ||
| CONCLUSION | 1506 | ||
| REFERENCES | 1506 | ||
| Chapter 32. Tumors and Related Conditions | 1509 | ||
| HISTORICAL REVIEW | 1509 | ||
| ANATOMY | 1510 | ||
| STAGING AND CLASSIFICATION OF TUMORS | 1512 | ||
| INCIDENCE OF NEOPLASMS | 1530 | ||
| CLINICAL FEATURES | 1532 | ||
| RADIOGRAPHIC AND LABORATORY EVALUATION | 1534 | ||
| COMPLICATIONS OF TUMORS | 1536 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 1536 | ||
| SURGERY | 1538 | ||
| AUTHOR’S PREFERRED METHODS OF TREATMENT | 1550 | ||
| REFERENCES | 1552 | ||
| Chapter 33. Amputations and Prosthetic Replacement | 1557 | ||
| TYPES OF AMPUTATIONS | 1557 | ||
| PRECIPITATING FACTORS | 1558 | ||
| SPECIFIC PROCEDURES | 1558 | ||
| PROSTHETIC REHABILITATION | 1568 | ||
| REFERENCES | 1575 | ||
| BIBLIOGRAPHY | 1575 | ||
| Chapter 34. Emerging Technologies in Shoulder Surgery: Trends and Future Directions | 1577 | ||
| BIOLOGICAL ENHANCEMENT OF ROTATOR CUFF REPAIR | 1577 | ||
| COMPUTER NAVIGATION AND MINIMALLY INVASIVE SHOULDER REPLACEMENT | 1579 | ||
| MANAGEMENT OF GLENOID BONE LOSS IN SHOULDER ARTHROPLASTY | 1580 | ||
| ALTERNATIVE BEARING SURFACES | 1581 | ||
| CONCLUSIONS | 1583 | ||
| REFERENCES | 1583 | ||
| Index | I-i |