BOOK
Pharmacology for the Primary Care Provider - E-Book
Marilyn Winterton Edmunds | Maren Stewart Mayhew
(2008)
Additional Information
Book Details
Abstract
Written by and for nurse practitioners, this practical textbook focuses on what primary care providers need to learn and practice drug therapy. With an overall emphasis on patient teaching and health promotion, you will learn how to provide effective patient teaching about medications and how to gain patient compliance. Drug coverage focuses on “key drugs” rather than “prototype drugs,” so you can find important information about the most commonly used drugs rather than the first drug in each class. You will also find discussions on the legal and professional issues unique to nurse practitioners and other primary care providers. The 3rd edition also features an expanded emphasis on established clinical practice guidelines and evidence-based practice, plus two new chapters that cover drugs for ADHD and drugs for dementia.
- UNIQUE! Written specifically for nurse practitioners with an overall emphasis on patient teaching and health promotion.
- UNIQUE! Covers specific topics such as prescriptive authority, role implementation, and writing prescriptions.
- Presents comprehensive coverage of the drugs most commonly prescribed in – and the issues most relevant to – primary care practice.
- UNIQUE! Identifies the Top 200 drugs in chapter openers with a special icon and covers them in-depth to familiarize you with the most important, need-to-know drug information.
- Uses a consistent heading scheme for each prototype drug discussion to make it easier to learn and understand key concepts.
- Includes an introductory chapter on “Design and Implementation of Patient Education” that highlights content on patient teaching and compliance.
- Includes specific “Patient Education” sections in each drug chapter.
- Provides extensive coverage of drug therapy for special populations to alert you to special considerations based on age, pregnancy, race and other factors.
- A separate chapter on “Complementary and Alternative Therapies” discusses the available complementary and alternative modalities, including detailed information on actions, uses, and interactions of commonly used herbs.
- Drug Overview tables at the beginning of each chapter outline the classifications of drugs discussed and provide a handy reference of drug classes and subclasses, generic names, and trade names.
- Clinical Alerts highlight essential information that primary care providers must remember in order to avoid serious problems, including cautions for prescribing, information about drug interactions, or warnings about particularly ominous adverse effects.
- An entire unit covers drugs for health promotion to introduce you to drugs commonly seen in outpatient primary care settings and to prepare you for practice in a society increasingly focused on health promotion and disease prevention.
- Includes separate chapters on Immunizations and Biologicals, Weight Management, Smoking Cessation, Vitamins and Minerals, Over-the-Counter Medications, and Complementary and Alternative Therapies.
Table of Contents
Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
---|---|---|---|
Front cover | Cover | ||
Evolve page | ii | ||
Pharmacology for the Primary Care Provider | iii | ||
Copyright page | iv | ||
Contributors | v | ||
Reviewers | vi | ||
Preface | vii | ||
Table of contents | xi | ||
ONE ESSENTIAL CONCEPTS FOR THE PRESCRIPTION OF MEDICATIONS | 1 | ||
1 Foundations of Prescriptive Practice | 1 | ||
1 Prescriptive Authority and Role Implementation: Tradition vs. Change | 1 | ||
INCREASED FOCUS ON PRIMARY CARE | 1 | ||
TRADITIONAL PROVISION OF PRIMARY CARE | 1 | ||
IMPORTANCE OF PRESCRIPTIVE AUTHORITY IN HEALTH CARE DELIVERY | 2 | ||
RESEARCH ON PRESCRIPTIVE PRACTICE OF PHYSICIANS | 2 | ||
PROBLEMS IN THE PRESCRIBING PRACTICE OF PHYSICIANS | 3 | ||
SUMMARY | 4 | ||
2 Historical Review of Prescriptive Authority: The Role of Nurses (NPs, CNMs, CRNAs, and CNSs) and Physician Assistants | 5 | ||
OVERVIEW | 5 | ||
THE PRESCRIPTIVE AUTHORITY OF NURSES | 6 | ||
LEGAL FOUNDATION OF PRESCRIPTIVE AUTHORITY FOR NURSES IN ADVANCED PRACTICE ROLES | 7 | ||
AN OVERVIEW OF THE PRESCRIBING OF ADVANCED PRACTICE NURSES | 8 | ||
PRESCRIBING CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES | 15 | ||
DISPENSING PRIVILEGES | 16 | ||
RESEARCH ON THE PRESCRIPTIVE PRACTICES OF ADVANCED PRACTICE NURSES: NPs, CNMs, CRNAs, AND CNSs | 16 | ||
BARRIERS TO PRACTICE FOR NURSES IN THE DIAGNOSING AND PRESCRIBING ROLES | 17 | ||
PRESCRIPTIVE AUTHORITY AND THE PHYSICIAN’S ASSISTANT | 18 | ||
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS | 22 | ||
2 Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics | 23 | ||
3 General Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Principles | 23 | ||
DRUG NOMENCLATURE | 23 | ||
PHARMACOKINETICS | 23 | ||
PHARMACODYNAMICS | 34 | ||
PRACTICAL APPLICATION OF PHARMACOKINETICS AND PHARMACODYNAMICS TO DRUG PRESCRIBING | 49 | ||
SUMMARY | 51 | ||
4 Special Populations: Geriatrics | 52 | ||
FUNCTIONAL ASSESSMENT | 52 | ||
PHARMACOKINETIC CHANGES THAT AFFECT DRUG THERAPY | 52 | ||
PHARMACODYNAMIC CHANGES IN THE ELDERLY THAT MAY AFFECT DRUG THERAPY | 55 | ||
COMMON CONCERNS RELATED TO MEDICATION USE IN OLDER ADULTS | 57 | ||
PROCESS MODEL OF PRESCRIBING FOR THE ELDERLY | 60 | ||
5 Special Populations: Pediatrics | 62 | ||
PHARMACOKINETICS OF DRUG THERAPY IN INFANTS AND CHILDREN | 62 | ||
EFFECT OF DISEASE ON DRUG PROCESSES IN CHILDREN | 65 | ||
CHOOSING A DRUG REGIMEN | 65 | ||
ADVERSE DRUG REACTIONS IN CHILDREN | 66 | ||
CALCULATIONS OF PEDIATRIC DOSAGES | 66 | ||
STATUS OF DRUG DOSING AND POLICY REGARDING CHILDREN | 69 | ||
SPECIAL COMPLIANCE PROBLEMS IN CHILDREN | 71 | ||
SUMMARY | 71 | ||
6 Special Populations: Pregnant and Nursing Women | 72 | ||
DRUGS IN PREGNANT WOMEN | 73 | ||
PRINCIPLES OF TERATOLOGY: INCIDENCE AND TYPES OF MALFORMATIONS | 73 | ||
COMMON CONDITIONS REQUIRING TREATMENT DURING PREGNANCY | 76 | ||
SPECIFIC INFECTIONS OF CONCERN | 78 | ||
KNOWN HAZARDS TO MOTHERS AND THEIR CHILDREN | 83 | ||
DRUGS IN BREASTFEEDING MOTHERS | 85 | ||
3 The Art and Science of Pharmacotherapeutics | 90 | ||
7 Establishing the Therapeutic Relationship | 90 | ||
ESTABLISHING THERAPEUTIC RELATIONSHIPS IN TREATMENT | 90 | ||
FAILURE OF THE THERAPEUTIC RELATIONSHIP | 95 | ||
SUMMARY | 97 | ||
8 Practical Tips on Writing Prescriptions | 98 | ||
WHO MAY WRITE PRESCRIPTIONS? | 98 | ||
DRUG SCHEDULES | 98 | ||
COMPONENTS OF THE TRADITIONAL PRESCRIPTION | 99 | ||
ELECTRONIC DRUG PRESCRIPTIONS OR E-SIGN | 102 | ||
DRUG PRESCRIBING ETIQUETTE | 102 | ||
AVOIDING MISTAKES | 103 | ||
ADMINISTRATIVE CONCERNS | 104 | ||
PREVENTING PROBLEMS IN DRUG USE | 107 | ||
GOOD COMMUNICATION AND DEVELOPING A POSITIVE RELATIONSHIP WITH THE PHARMACIST | 107 | ||
SUMMARY | 108 | ||
9 Treatment Guidelines and Evidence-Based Decision Making | 109 | ||
CRITICAL DECISION MAKING | 109 | ||
CRITICAL THINKING | 109 | ||
DECISION MAKING | 111 | ||
EVIDENCE-BASED MEDICINE | 117 | ||
CLINICAL GUIDELINES | 121 | ||
SUMMARY | 124 | ||
10 Design and Implementation of Patient Education | 126 | ||
THE PROCESS OF PATIENT EDUCATION | 126 | ||
EVALUATION OF LEARNING | 131 | ||
SUMMARY | 134 | ||
TWO DRUG MONOGRAPHS | 136 | ||
4 Topical Agents | 136 | ||
11 Dermatologic Agents | 136 | ||
THERAPEUTIC OVERVIEW OF DERMATOLOGIC AGENTS | 137 | ||
MECHANISM OF ACTION | 138 | ||
THERAPEUTIC OVERVIEW OF TOPICAL CORTICOSTEROIDS | 140 | ||
MECHANISM OF ACTION | 140 | ||
TREATMENT PRINCIPLES | 140 | ||
SPECIFIC DRUGS | 142 | ||
THERAPEUTIC OVERVIEW OF TOPICAL ANTIINFECTIVES | 143 | ||
MECHANISM OF ACTION | 143 | ||
TREATMENT PRINCIPLES | 143 | ||
SPECIFIC DRUGS | 144 | ||
THERAPEUTIC OVERVIEW OF ANTIFUNGALS | 146 | ||
MECHANISM OF ACTION | 146 | ||
TREATMENT PRINCIPLES | 146 | ||
5 Respiratory Agents | 169 | ||
13 Upper Respiratory Agents | 169 | ||
THERAPEUTIC OVERVIEW OF UPPER RESPIRATORY INFECTION AND ALLERGIC RHINITIS | 171 | ||
MECHANISM OF ACTION | 171 | ||
TREATMENT PRINCIPLES | 172 | ||
SPECIFIC DRUGS | 178 | ||
INTRANASAL STEROIDS | 184 | ||
14 Asthma and COPD Medications | 188 | ||
THERAPEUTIC OVERVIEW OF ASTHMA | 189 | ||
THERAPEUTIC OVERVIEW OF CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE | 191 | ||
MECHANISM OF ACTION | 192 | ||
TREATMENT PRINCIPLES OF ASTHMA | 193 | ||
TREATMENT PRINCIPLES OF COPD | 196 | ||
SPECIFIC DRUGS | 200 | ||
6 Cardiovascular Agents | 209 | ||
15 Hypertension and Miscellaneous Antihypertensive Medications | 209 | ||
THERAPEUTIC OVERVIEW OF HYPERTENSION | 209 | ||
MECHANISM OF ACTION | 211 | ||
TREATMENT PRINCIPLES | 211 | ||
SPECIFIC DRUGS | 217 | ||
16 Coronary Artery Disease and Antianginal Medications | 221 | ||
THERAPEUTIC OVERVIEW OF CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE | 221 | ||
MECHANISM OF ACTION | 225 | ||
TREATMENT PRINCIPLES | 225 | ||
SPECIFIC DRUGS | 229 | ||
17 Chronic Heart Failure and Digoxin | 233 | ||
THERAPEUTIC OVERVIEW OF CHRONIC HEART FAILURE | 233 | ||
MECHANISM OF ACTION | 236 | ||
TREATMENT PRINCIPLES | 236 | ||
SPECIFIC DRUGS | 240 | ||
18 β -Blockers | 242 | ||
MECHANISM OF ACTION | 242 | ||
TREATMENT PRINCIPLES | 244 | ||
SPECIFIC DRUGS | 249 | ||
19 Calcium Channel Blockers | 251 | ||
THERAPEUTIC OVERVIEW | 251 | ||
MECHANISM OF ACTION | 251 | ||
TREATMENT PRINCIPLES | 254 | ||
SPECIFIC DRUGS | 256 | ||
20 ACE Inhibitors and Angiotensin Receptor Blockers | 259 | ||
THERAPEUTIC OVERVIEW | 259 | ||
MECHANISM OF ACTION | 259 | ||
TREATMENT PRINCIPLES | 261 | ||
SPECIFIC DRUGS | 264 | ||
21 Antiarrhythmic Agents | 268 | ||
THERAPEUTIC OVERVIEW OF ARRHYTHMIAS | 268 | ||
MECHANISM OF ACTION | 271 | ||
TREATMENT PRINCIPLES | 273 | ||
SPECIFIC DRUGS | 274 | ||
22 Antihyperlipidemic Agents | 279 | ||
THERAPEUTIC OVERVIEW | 280 | ||
MECHANISM OF ACTION | 281 | ||
TREATMENT PRINCIPLES | 282 | ||
SPECIFIC DRUGS | 287 | ||
23 Agents That Act on Blood | 292 | ||
THERAPEUTIC OVERVIEW | 293 | ||
MECHANISM OF ACTION | 295 | ||
TREATMENT PRINCIPLES | 296 | ||
SPECIFIC DRUGS | 302 | ||
7 Gastrointestinal Agents | 310 | ||
24 Antacids and the Management of GERD | 310 | ||
THERAPEUTIC OVERVIEW OF GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE | 310 | ||
MECHANISM OF ACTION | 311 | ||
TREATMENT PRINCIPLES | 311 | ||
SPECIFIC DRUGS | 313 | ||
25 Histamine-2 Blockers and Proton Pump Inhibitors | 316 | ||
THERAPEUTIC OVERVIEW | 316 | ||
MECHANISM OF ACTION | 318 | ||
TREATMENT PRINCIPLES | 318 | ||
SPECIFIC DRUGS | 320 | ||
26 Laxatives | 324 | ||
THERAPEUTIC OVERVIEW | 325 | ||
MECHANISM OF ACTION | 326 | ||
TREATMENT PRINCIPLES | 326 | ||
SPECIFIC DRUGS | 330 | ||
27 Antidiarrheals | 335 | ||
THERAPEUTIC OVERVIEW | 335 | ||
MECHANISM OF ACTION | 336 | ||
TREATMENT PRINCIPLES | 336 | ||
SPECIFIC DRUGS | 337 | ||
28 Antiemetics | 340 | ||
THERAPEUTIC OVERVIEW | 340 | ||
MECHANISM OF ACTION | 341 | ||
TREATMENT PRINCIPLES | 342 | ||
SPECIFIC DRUGS | 343 | ||
29 Medications for Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Other Gastrointestinal Problems | 346 | ||
THERAPEUTIC OVERVIEW OF IRRITABLE BOWEL SYNDROME | 346 | ||
MECHANISM OF ACTION | 347 | ||
TREATMENT PRINCIPLES | 347 | ||
SPECIFIC DRUGS | 348 | ||
8 Renal/Genitourinary Agents | 353 | ||
30 Diuretics | 353 | ||
THERAPEUTIC OVERVIEW | 353 | ||
MECHANISM OF ACTION | 354 | ||
TREATMENT PRINCIPLES | 355 | ||
SPECIFIC DRUGS | 360 | ||
MECHANISM OF ACTION | 366 | ||
TREATMENT PRINCIPLES | 366 | ||
SPECIFIC DRUGS | 367 | ||
31 Male Genitourinary Agents | 368 | ||
THERAPEUTIC OVERVIEW | 368 | ||
MECHANISM OF ACTION | 369 | ||
TREATMENT PRINCIPLES | 369 | ||
SPECIFIC DRUGS | 370 | ||
THERAPEUTIC OVERVIEW | 370 | ||
MECHANISM OF ACTION | 373 | ||
TREATMENT PRINCIPLES | 373 | ||
SPECIFIC DRUGS | 374 | ||
32 Agents for Urinary Incontinence and Urinary Analgesia | 376 | ||
THERAPEUTIC OVERVIEW | 376 | ||
MECHANISM OF ACTION | 377 | ||
DRUG TREATMENT PRINCIPLES | 378 | ||
SPECIFIC DRUGS | 379 | ||
9 Musculoskeletal Agents | 383 | ||
33 Acetaminophen | 383 | ||
THERAPEUTIC OVERVIEW | 383 | ||
MECHANISM OF ACTION | 383 | ||
TREATMENT PRINCIPLES | 384 | ||
SPECIFIC DRUGS | 385 | ||
34 Aspirin and Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Medications | 387 | ||
THERAPEUTIC OVERVIEW | 388 | ||
MECHANISM OF ACTION | 390 | ||
TREATMENT PRINCIPLES | 391 | ||
SPECIFIC DRUGS | 394 | ||
NSAIDs | 396 | ||
35 Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Medications and Immune Modulators | 400 | ||
THERAPEUTIC OVERVIEW | 400 | ||
MECHANISM OF ACTION | 401 | ||
TREATMENT PRINCIPLES | 402 | ||
SPECIFIC DRUGS | 404 | ||
36 Gout Medications | 406 | ||
THERAPEUTIC OVERVIEW | 406 | ||
MECHANISM OF ACTION | 407 | ||
TREATMENT PRINCIPLES | 407 | ||
SPECIFIC DRUGS | 410 | ||
37 Osteoporosis Treatment | 413 | ||
THERAPEUTIC OVERVIEW | 413 | ||
MECHANISM OF ACTION | 415 | ||
TREATMENT PRINCIPLES | 415 | ||
SPECIFIC DRUGS | 418 | ||
38 Muscle Relaxants | 422 | ||
THERAPEUTIC OVERVIEW | 422 | ||
MECHANISM OF ACTION | 423 | ||
TREATMENT PRINCIPLES | 424 | ||
SPECIFIC DRUGS | 425 | ||
10 Central Nervous System Agents | 428 | ||
39 Overview of the Nervous System | 428 | ||
NERVE CELL (NEURON) AND SYNAPTIC TRANSMISSION | 428 | ||
CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM | 428 | ||
PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM | 429 | ||
AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM | 431 | ||
FUNCTION | 434 | ||
40 Medications for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder | 436 | ||
THERAPEUTIC OVERVIEW | 437 | ||
MECHANISM OF ACTION | 438 | ||
TREATMENT PRINCIPLES | 438 | ||
SPECIFIC DRUGS | 440 | ||
41 Medications for Dementia | 443 | ||
THERAPEUTIC OVERVIEW | 443 | ||
MECHANISM OF ACTION | 444 | ||
TREATMENT PRINCIPLES | 444 | ||
SPECIFIC DRUGS | 446 | ||
42 Analgesia and Pain Management | 448 | ||
THERAPEUTIC OVERVIEW | 449 | ||
MECHANISM OF ACTION | 451 | ||
TREATMENT PRINCIPLES | 452 | ||
SPECIFIC DRUGS | 454 | ||
43 Migraine Medications | 462 | ||
THERAPEUTIC OVERVIEW | 462 | ||
MECHANISM OF ACTION | 464 | ||
TREATMENT PRINCIPLES | 465 | ||
SPECIFIC DRUGS | 469 | ||
44 Anticonvulsants | 474 | ||
THERAPEUTIC OVERVIEW | 476 | ||
MECHANISM OF ACTION | 477 | ||
TREATMENT PRINCIPLES | 477 | ||
SPECIFIC DRUGS | 482 | ||
45 Antiparkinson Agents | 488 | ||
THERAPEUTIC OVERVIEW | 488 | ||
MECHANISM OF ACTION | 490 | ||
TREATMENT PRINCIPLES | 490 | ||
SPECIFIC DRUGS | 494 | ||
MAO-B INHIBITOR | 495 | ||
COMT INHIBITOR | 500 | ||
11 Psychotropic Agents | 501 | ||
46 Antidepressants | 501 | ||
THERAPEUTIC OVERVIEW | 502 | ||
MECHANISM OF ACTION | 505 | ||
TREATMENT PRINCIPLES | 506 | ||
SPECIFIC DRUGS | 512 | ||
47 Antianxiety and Antiinsomnia Agents | 520 | ||
THERAPEUTIC OVERVIEW | 521 | ||
MECHANISM OF ACTION | 524 | ||
TREATMENT PRINCIPLES OF ANTIANXIETY AGENTS | 524 | ||
TREATMENT PRINCIPLES OF ANTIINSOMNIA AGENTS | 526 | ||
TREATMENT PRINCIPLES OF BENZODIAZEPINES | 526 | ||
SPECIFIC DRUGS | 527 | ||
48 Antipsychotics | 532 | ||
THERAPEUTIC OVERVIEW | 533 | ||
MECHANISM OF ACTION | 535 | ||
TREATMENT PRINCIPLES | 535 | ||
SPECIFIC DRUGS | 539 | ||
49 Substance Abuse | 545 | ||
THERAPEUTIC OVERVIEW | 545 | ||
MECHANISM OF ACTION AND EFFECTS OF ALCOHOL TREATMENT | 547 | ||
TREATMENT PRINCIPLES | 547 | ||
SPECIFIC DRUGS | 548 | ||
12 Endocrine Agents | 552 | ||
50 Glucocorticoids | 552 | ||
THERAPEUTIC OVERVIEW | 552 | ||
MECHANISM OF ACTION | 552 | ||
TREATMENT PRINCIPLES | 554 | ||
SPECIFIC DRUGS | 556 | ||
51 Thyroid Medications | 559 | ||
THERAPEUTIC OVERVIEW | 559 | ||
MECHANISM OF ACTION | 560 | ||
TREATMENT PRINCIPLES | 560 | ||
SPECIFIC DRUGS | 562 | ||
THERAPEUTIC OVERVIEW | 565 | ||
MECHANISM OF ACTION | 565 | ||
TREATMENT PRINCIPLES | 565 | ||
SPECIFIC DRUGS | 566 | ||
52 Diabetes Mellitus Agents | 568 | ||
THERAPEUTIC OVERVIEW | 569 | ||
MECHANISM OF ACTION | 570 | ||
TREATMENT PRINCIPLES | 572 | ||
SPECIFIC DRUGS | 577 | ||
13 Female Reproductive System Medications | 584 | ||
53 Contraceptives | 584 | ||
THERAPEUTIC OVERVIEW | 586 | ||
MECHANISM OF ACTION | 589 | ||
TREATMENT PRINCIPLES | 592 | ||
SPECIFIC DRUGS | 600 | ||
54 Menopause Hormone Therapy | 604 | ||
THERAPEUTIC OVERVIEW OF HORMONE THERAPY | 605 | ||
MECHANISM OF ACTION | 607 | ||
TREATMENT PRINCIPLES | 608 | ||
SPECIFIC DRUGS | 610 | ||
55 Agents Used in Treating Breast Cancer | 617 | ||
THERAPEUTIC OVERVIEW | 617 | ||
MECHANISM OF ACTION | 618 | ||
TREATMENT PRINCIPLES | 618 | ||
SPECIFIC DRUGS | 619 | ||
14 Antiinfectives | 622 | ||
56 Principles for Prescribing Antiinfectives | 622 | ||
THERAPEUTIC OVERVIEW | 622 | ||
MECHANISM OF ACTION | 626 | ||
TREATMENT PRINCIPLES | 626 | ||
57 Treatment of Specific Infections and Miscellaneous Antibiotics | 629 | ||
THERAPEUTIC OVERVIEW | 629 | ||
SPECIFIC DRUGS | 638 | ||
58 Penicillins | 640 | ||
THERAPEUTIC OVERVIEW | 640 | ||
MECHANISM OF ACTION | 642 | ||
TREATMENT PRINCIPLES | 642 | ||
SPECIFIC DRUGS | 644 | ||
59 Cephalosporins | 647 | ||
THERAPEUTIC OVERVIEW | 647 | ||
MECHANISM OF ACTION | 649 | ||
TREATMENT PRINCIPLES | 649 | ||
SPECIFIC DRUGS | 650 | ||
60 Tetracyclines | 653 | ||
THERAPEUTIC OVERVIEW | 653 | ||
MECHANISM OF ACTION | 653 | ||
TREATMENT PRINCIPLES | 654 | ||
SPECIFIC DRUGS | 655 | ||
61 Macrolides | 658 | ||
MECHANISM OF ACTION | 658 | ||
TREATMENT PRINCIPLES | 659 | ||
SPECIFIC DRUGS | 660 | ||
62 Fluoroquinolones | 663 | ||
THERAPEUTIC OVERVIEW | 663 | ||
MECHANISM OF ACTION | 663 | ||
TREATMENT PRINCIPLES | 664 | ||
SPECIFIC DRUGS | 665 | ||
NOTE | 667 | ||
63 Aminoglycosides | 668 | ||
THERAPEUTIC OVERVIEW | 668 | ||
MECHANISM OF ACTION | 669 | ||
TREATMENT PRINCIPLES | 669 | ||
SPECIFIC DRUGS | 670 | ||
64 Sulfonamides | 672 | ||
THERAPEUTIC OVERVIEW | 672 | ||
MECHANISM OF ACTION | 673 | ||
TREATMENT PRINCIPLES | 673 | ||
SPECIFIC DRUGS | 674 | ||
65 Antitubercular Agents | 676 | ||
THERAPEUTIC OVERVIEW | 676 | ||
MECHANISM OF ACTION | 678 | ||
TREATMENT PRINCIPLES | 678 | ||
SPECIFIC DRUGS | 680 | ||
66 Antifungals | 687 | ||
THERAPEUTIC OVERVIEW | 688 | ||
MECHANISM OF ACTION | 689 | ||
TREATMENT PRINCIPLES | 689 | ||
SPECIFIC DRUGS | 691 | ||
67 The Immune System and Antiretroviral Medications | 696 | ||
THERAPEUTIC OVERVIEW OF HIV AND RETROVIRUSES | 697 | ||
MECHANISM OF ACTION | 698 | ||
TREATMENT PRINCIPLES | 701 | ||
SPECIFIC DRUGS | 703 | ||
68 Antivirals and Antiprotozoal Agents | 709 | ||
THERAPEUTIC OVERVIEW OF VIRUSES AND PROTOZOA | 709 | ||
MECHANISM OF ACTION | 710 | ||
TREATMENT PRINCIPLES | 711 | ||
SPECIFIC DRUGS | 713 | ||
15 Health Promotion | 719 | ||
69 Immunizations and Biologicals | 719 | ||
THERAPEUTIC OVERVIEW | 720 | ||
MECHANISM OF ACTION | 723 | ||
THERAPEUTIC OVERVIEW | 723 | ||
TREATMENT PRINCIPLES | 724 | ||
SPECIFIC VACCINES | 727 | ||
70 Weight Management | 740 | ||
THERAPEUTIC OVERVIEW | 740 | ||
MECHANISM OF ACTION | 742 | ||
TREATMENT PRINCIPLES | 742 | ||
SPECIFIC DRUGS | 745 | ||
71 Smoking Cessation | 748 | ||
THERAPEUTIC OVERVIEW | 748 | ||
MECHANISM OF ACTION | 749 | ||
TREATMENT PRINCIPLES | 749 | ||
SPECIFIC DRUGS | 758 | ||
72 Vitamins and Minerals | 760 | ||
VITAMINS | 768 | ||
MINERALS | 769 | ||
FAT-SOLUBLE VITAMINS | 771 | ||
WATER-SOLUBLE VITAMINS | 773 | ||
MINERALS | 776 | ||
73 Over-the-Counter Medications | 782 | ||
EXTENT OF OTC MEDICATION USE | 782 | ||
ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF OTC USE | 783 | ||
HOW CAN THE PRIMARY CARE PROVIDER BE HELPFUL TO PATIENTS WHO ARE TAKING OTC MEDICATIONS? | 784 | ||
SUMMARY | 786 | ||
74 Complementary and Alternative Therapies | 787 | ||
DEFINING COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE THERAPIES | 787 | ||
PRIMARY CARE PROVIDERS AND COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE THERAPIES | 788 | ||
COMPLEMENTARY THERAPIES AND HERBAL MEDICINE | 789 | ||
DRUG–HERB INTERACTIONS | 792 | ||
PATIENT VARIABLES | 794 | ||
SUMMARY | 795 | ||
Readings and References | 797 | ||
Index | 824 | ||
Appendix: Economic Foundations of Prescriptive Authority | 1 |