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Book Details
Abstract
Small Animal Medical Differential Diagnosis, 2nd Edition is a practical, concise guide to the differential diagnosis, etiology, laboratory abnormalities, and classification of clinical signs and medical disorders in dogs and cats. By covering nearly every possible sign and clinical disorder relevant to small animal medical practice, this pocket-sized, rapid reference helps you make more reliable on-the-scene decisions.
- More than 400 lists bring the most important medical diagnostic information from multiple resources into a single rapid reference.
- An organized presentation of differential diagnoses by sign and symptom, disorder, and body system, facilitates quick and flexible access to information at many stages of the diagnostic work-up.
- Alphabetical listing of all relevant laboratory tests makes information easy to find for students and experienced practitioners alike.
- Easily identify the likeliest diagnosis by reviewing the possibilities listed in order of incidence.
- Pocket-sized for portability, practicality, and quick reference.
- NEW! Coverage of new disorders and syndromes expands the span of differential diagnoses to help you effectively evaluate more signs and symptoms.
- NEW! Addition of new and more widely used diagnostic and laboratory tests keeps you up-to-date as lab tests become more specialized and sophisticated.
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Front Cover | Cover | ||
| Small Animal Medical Differential Diagnosis | iii | ||
| Copyright Page | iv | ||
| TABLE OF CONTENTS | ix | ||
| Dedication | v | ||
| PREFACE | vii | ||
| PART ONE: Clinical Signs Approach to Differential Diagnosis | 1 | ||
| Abdominal Distension | 2 | ||
| Abdominal Effusions and Ascites | 3 | ||
| Abdominal Pain, Acute | 4 | ||
| Aggressive Behavior | 5 | ||
| Alopecia | 6 | ||
| Anaphylaxis | 8 | ||
| Anuria and Oliguria | 9 | ||
| Anxiety and Phobias | 9 | ||
| Ascites | 10 | ||
| Ataxia and Incoordination | 10 | ||
| Blindness | 12 | ||
| Bradycardia, Sinus | 13 | ||
| Cachexia and Muscle Wasting | 14 | ||
| Compulsive Behavior Disorders | 15 | ||
| Constipation | 16 | ||
| Coughing | 17 | ||
| Cyanosis | 19 | ||
| Deafness | 20 | ||
| Diarrhea, Acute | 21 | ||
| Diarrhea, Chronic | 21 | ||
| Dyschezia | 22 | ||
| Dysphagia | 22 | ||
| Dyspnea | 23 | ||
| Dysuria | 25 | ||
| Ecchymoses | 25 | ||
| Edema | 25 | ||
| Epistaxis | 26 | ||
| Erosions and Ulcers of Skin and Mucous Membranes | 27 | ||
| Failure to Grow/Failure to Thrive | 28 | ||
| Fever of Unknown Origin | 29 | ||
| Flatulence | 31 | ||
| Gagging | 31 | ||
| Genital Dermatoses | 32 | ||
| Halitosis | 33 | ||
| Head Tilt | 34 | ||
| Hematemesis | 35 | ||
| Hematochezia | 36 | ||
| Hematuria | 37 | ||
| Hemoptysis | 38 | ||
| Hemorrhage, Prolonged | 38 | ||
| Horner Syndrome | 39 | ||
| Hyperpigmentation | 39 | ||
| Hyperthermia | 40 | ||
| Hypopigmentation | 41 | ||
| Hypothermia | 42 | ||
| Icterus (Jaundice) | 42 | ||
| Inappropriate Elimination | 43 | ||
| Incontinence, Fecal | 45 | ||
| Incontinence, Urinary | 46 | ||
| Infertility, Female | 47 | ||
| Infertility, Male | 48 | ||
| Joint Swelling | 49 | ||
| Lameness | 50 | ||
| Lymphadenopathy (Lymph Node Enlargement) | 51 | ||
| Melena | 52 | ||
| Muscle Wasting | 53 | ||
| Nasal Discharge | 53 | ||
| Nystagmus | 53 | ||
| Obesity | 54 | ||
| Oliguria | 55 | ||
| Pallor | 55 | ||
| Papules and Pustules | 56 | ||
| Paresis and Paralysis | 57 | ||
| Petechiae and Ecchymoses | 57 | ||
| Pollakiuria | 58 | ||
| Polyuria and Polydipsia | 58 | ||
| Pruritus | 59 | ||
| Ptyalism (Excessive Salivation) | 60 | ||
| Regurgitation | 61 | ||
| Reverse Sneezing | 61 | ||
| Scaling and Crusting | 62 | ||
| Seizure | 63 | ||
| Sneezing and Nasal Discharge | 64 | ||
| Stertor and Stridor | 66 | ||
| Stranguria, Dysuria, and Pollakiuria | 66 | ||
| Stomatitis | 67 | ||
| Stupor and Coma | 68 | ||
| Syncope | 68 | ||
| Tachycardia, Sinus | 70 | ||
| Tenesmus and Dyschezia | 70 | ||
| Tremor | 71 | ||
| Urine, Discolored | 71 | ||
| Urticaria/Angioedema | 72 | ||
| Vision Loss, Sudden | 72 | ||
| Vomiting | 73 | ||
| Weakness | 74 | ||
| Weight Gain | 75 | ||
| Weight Loss | 75 | ||
| PART TWO: Systemic Approach to Differential Diagnosis | 77 | ||
| SECTION I: Cardiopulmonary Disorders | 78 | ||
| Arrhythmias | 78 | ||
| Arterial Thromboembolism | 79 | ||
| Aspiration Pneumonia | 80 | ||
| Atrioventricular Valve Disease, Chronic (Mitral or Tricuspid Valve) | 81 | ||
| Cardiomegaly | 82 | ||
| Chylothorax | 82 | ||
| Congenital Heart Disease | 84 | ||
| Heart Failure | 85 | ||
| Heartworm Disease | 87 | ||
| Hypertension | 89 | ||
| Laryngeal and Pharyngeal Disease | 91 | ||
| Lower Respiratory Tract Disease | 92 | ||
| Mediastinal Disease | 93 | ||
| Myocardial Diseases | 94 | ||
| Murmurs | 96 | ||
| Pericardial Effusion | 97 | ||
| Pleural Effusion | 98 | ||
| Pulmonary Disease | 99 | ||
| Pulmonary Edema | 101 | ||
| Pulmonary Thromboembolism | 102 | ||
| Tachycardia, Sinus | 103 | ||
| SECTION II: Dermatologic Disorders | 104 | ||
| Allergic Skin Disease | 104 | ||
| Alopecia, Endocrine | 105 | ||
| Claw Disorders | 106 | ||
| Erosions and Ulcerations of Skin or Mucous Membranes | 107 | ||
| Folliculitis | 109 | ||
| Parasitic Dermatoses | 111 | ||
| Pigmentation | 112 | ||
| Pyoderma | 113 | ||
| SECTION III: Endocrinologic and Metabolic Disorders | 115 | ||
| Acromegaly | 115 | ||
| Adrenal Tumors | 116 | ||
| Cretinism (Hypothyroidism in Puppies) | 117 | ||
| Diabetes Insipidus | 117 | ||
| Diabetic Ketoacidosis | 118 | ||
| Diabetes Mellitus | 119 | ||
| Gastrinoma (Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome) | 122 | ||
| Glucagonoma | 123 | ||
| Hyperadrenocorticism | 123 | ||
| Hyperglycemia | 124 | ||
| Hypoadrenocorticism | 125 | ||
| Hypoglycemia | 126 | ||
| Hyponatremia/Hyperkalemia | 126 | ||
| Insulinoma | 128 | ||
| Parathyroidism | 129 | ||
| Pheochromocytoma | 130 | ||
| Pituitary Dwarfism | 130 | ||
| Thyroid Disease | 131 | ||
| SECTION IV: Gastroenterologic Disorders | 134 | ||
| Chronic Constipation, Feline | 134 | ||
| Diarrhea | 135 | ||
| Dental and Oral Cavity Diseases | 136 | ||
| Diseases of the Tongue | 137 | ||
| Salivary Gland Disease | 138 | ||
| Esophageal Disease | 139 | ||
| Stomach Disorders | 140 | ||
| Small Intestinal Disease | 142 | ||
| Large Intestinal Disease | 145 | ||
| Ileus | 146 | ||
| Malabsorptive Diseases | 147 | ||
| Perianal Disease | 147 | ||
| Protein-Losing Enteropathy | 147 | ||
| Fecal Incontinence | 148 | ||
| SECTION V: Hematologic Disorders | 150 | ||
| Anemia | 150 | ||
| Coagulopathies, Inherited and Acquired | 155 | ||
| Expected Hemostatic Test Results in Selected Diseases | 156 | ||
| Leukocyte Disorders | 157 | ||
| Platelet Dysfunction | 157 | ||
| Splenitis/Splenomegaly | 158 | ||
| Thrombocytopenia | 160 | ||
| SECTION VI: Immunologic and Immune- Mediated Disorders | 162 | ||
| Autoimmune Skin Diseases | 162 | ||
| Immune-Mediated Disease | 163 | ||
| Immune System Components | 165 | ||
| Mechanisms of Immunopathologic Injury | 165 | ||
| Organ Systems Affected by Autoimmune Disorders in the Dog and Cat | 166 | ||
| Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) | 167 | ||
| SECTION VII: Infectious Disease | 169 | ||
| Anaplasmosis, Canine | 169 | ||
| Bacterial Infections, Systemic | 170 | ||
| Bartonellosis, Canine | 171 | ||
| Bartonellosis, Feline | 172 | ||
| Anaplasmosis | 172 | ||
| Anaplasma Platys | 172 | ||
| Ehrlichiosis, Canine | 173 | ||
| Influenza, Canine | 174 | ||
| Neorickettsiosis Canine | 174 | ||
| Mycoses, Systemic | 175 | ||
| Polysystemic Protozoal Diseases | 179 | ||
| Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever | 181 | ||
| Sepsis and Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS) | 181 | ||
| Vaccines, Recommended Core vs. Noncore | 183 | ||
| Viruses, Canine | 183 | ||
| Viruses, Feline | 186 | ||
| SECTION VIII: Joint and Bone Disorders | 193 | ||
| Arthritis | 193 | ||
| Bone Disorders | 194 | ||
| SECTION IX: Liver and Exocrine Pancreatic Disorders | 197 | ||
| Cholangitis and Cholangiohepatitis, Feline | 197 | ||
| Exocrine Pancreatic Disease | 198 | ||
| Gallbladder and Extrahepatic Biliary Disease | 199 | ||
| Hepatic Encephalopathy | 201 | ||
| Hepatic Lipidosis, Feline | 201 | ||
| Hepatobiliary Disease | 202 | ||
| Hepatomegaly and Microhepatica | 206 | ||
| Hyperlipidemia | 207 | ||
| Pancreatitis | 208 | ||
| Portosystemic Shunt, Congenital | 211 | ||
| Vacuolar Hepatopathy, Canine | 212 | ||
| SECTION X: Neoplasia | 213 | ||
| Chemotherapeutic Agent Toxicity | 213 | ||
| Corticosteroid Therapy | 214 | ||
| Histiocytic Disease | 215 | ||
| Humoral Hypercalcemia | 216 | ||
| Lymphoma | 217 | ||
| Paraneoplastic Syndromes | 217 | ||
| Sarcomas | 219 | ||
| Thyroid Neoplasms | 220 | ||
| Tumors | 221 | ||
| SECTION XI: Neurologic and Neuromuscular Disorders | 227 | ||
| Brain Disease, Congenital or Hereditary | 227 | ||
| Cognitive Dysfunction | 228 | ||
| Cranial Nerve (CN) Deficits | 229 | ||
| Head Tilt | 230 | ||
| Inflammatory Disease of the Nervous System | 230 | ||
| Intracranial Neoplasms | 231 | ||
| Myasthenia Gravis | 232 | ||
| Myositis and Myopathies | 232 | ||
| Neurologic Examination | 233 | ||
| Paroxysmal Disorders Confused with Epileptic Seizures | 235 | ||
| Peripheral Neuropathies | 235 | ||
| Spinal Cord Disease | 237 | ||
| Spinal Cord Lesions | 238 | ||
| Systemic Disease | 239 | ||
| Vestibular Disease | 241 | ||
| SECTION XII: Ocular Disorders | 242 | ||
| Anisocoria | 242 | ||
| Blindness, Acute | 243 | ||
| Corneal Color Changes | 245 | ||
| Eyelids and Periocular Skin | 245 | ||
| Nonhealing Corneal Erosions (Ulcers) in Dogs | 247 | ||
| Ocular Manifestations of Systemic Diseases | 247 | ||
| Ocular Neoplasia | 250 | ||
| Red Eye | 251 | ||
| Retinal Detachment | 251 | ||
| Uveitis | 252 | ||
| SECTION XIII: Toxicology | 254 | ||
| Chemical Toxicoses | 254 | ||
| Plant Toxicoses | 256 | ||
| Venomous Bites and Stings | 257 | ||
| SECTION XIV: Urogenital Disorders | 259 | ||
| Differentiating between Urine Marking and Inappropriate Elimination in Cats | 259 | ||
| Glomerular Disease | 259 | ||
| Indications for Cystoscopy | 262 | ||
| Mammary Masses | 263 | ||
| Prostatic Disease | 263 | ||
| Proteinuria in Dogs and Cats | 264 | ||
| Pyelonephritis, Bacterial | 265 | ||
| Renal Disease | 265 | ||
| Reproductive Disorders | 271 | ||
| Ureteral Diseases | 275 | ||
| Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) | 276 | ||
| Uroliths, Canine | 278 | ||
| Vaginal Discharge | 279 | ||
| SECTION XV: Pain Diagnosis | 281 | ||
| Acute Pain Assessment | 281 | ||
| Acute Pain Preemptive Scoring System (examples in each category) | 282 | ||
| Chronic Pain Assessment | 282 | ||
| PART THREE: Laboratory Values and Interpretation of Results | 283 | ||
| Acetylcholine Receptor Antibody | 284 | ||
| Activated Coagulation Time (ACT) | 284 | ||
| Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT) | 284 | ||
| Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH), Endogenous | 285 | ||
| Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) Stimulation Test | 285 | ||
| Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT, Formerly SGPT) | 286 | ||
| Albumin | 286 | ||
| Alkaline Phosphatase, Serum (SAP or ALP) | 287 | ||
| Ammonia | 287 | ||
| Amylase, Serum | 287 | ||
| Anion Gap | 288 | ||
| Antinuclear Antibody (ANA) | 288 | ||
| Arterial Blood Gases | 288 | ||
| Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST, Formerly SGOT) | 289 | ||
| Basophil Count | 289 | ||
| Bicarbonate (HCO3 -) | 290 | ||
| Bile Acids | 290 | ||
| Bilirubin | 291 | ||
| Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) | 291 | ||
| Buccal Mucosal Bleeding Time (BMBT) | 291 | ||
| Calcium (Ca) | 291 | ||
| Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) | 292 | ||
| Chloride (Cl) | 293 | ||
| Cholesterol (CH) | 294 | ||
| Cholinesterase | 294 | ||
| Cobalamin | 294 | ||
| Complete Blood Count (CBC) | 294 | ||
| Coombs Test | 295 | ||
| Cortisol | 295 | ||
| Creatine Kinase (CK, formerly CPK) | 296 | ||
| Creatinine | 296 | ||
| Cytologic Criteria of Malignancy | 296 | ||
| Cytologic Features of Discrete Cell (Round Cell) Tumors | 297 | ||
| Cytologic Features of Mesenchymal Cells | 299 | ||
| Cytologic Features of Normal Epithelial Cells | 300 | ||
| Cytology of Ear Canal Swabs | 300 | ||
| Cytology of Nasal Swabs or Flush Specimens | 301 | ||
| Dexamethasone Suppression Tests | 302 | ||
| Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC), Diagnostic Tests | 303 | ||
| Eosinophil Count | 303 | ||
| Erythrocyte Count (Red Blood Cell [RBC] Count) | 304 | ||
| Folate | 305 | ||
| Fructosamine | 306 | ||
| Gamma Glutamyltransferase (GGT) | 306 | ||
| Globulin | 306 | ||
| Glucose | 307 | ||
| Glucose Tolerance Test | 307 | ||
| Glycosylated Hemoglobin | 308 | ||
| Heartworm Antibody, Feline | 308 | ||
| Heartworm Antigen, Canine | 308 | ||
| Heartworm Antigen, Feline | 308 | ||
| Hematocrit (Packed Cell Volume, PCV) | 308 | ||
| Hemoglobin | 309 | ||
| Hemolysis, Prevention in Laboratory Samples | 309 | ||
| Immunoassays | 309 | ||
| Insulin | 310 | ||
| Iron-Binding Capacity (Total, TIBC)/Ferritin | 310 | ||
| Joint Fluid (Arthrocentesis) | 310 | ||
| Lipase | 311 | ||
| Lymphocyte Count | 312 | ||
| Magnesium (Mg) | 312 | ||
| Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) | 312 | ||
| Methemoglobinemia | 313 | ||
| Methods of Sample Collection for Cytology | 313 | ||
| Monocyte Count | 313 | ||
| Myoglobinuria | 314 | ||
| Neutrophil Count | 314 | ||
| Osmolality | 314 | ||
| Packed Cell Volume | 315 | ||
| Parathyroid Hormone (PTH)/Ionized Calcium | 315 | ||
| Phosphorus (P) | 315 | ||
| Platelet Count | 316 | ||
| Polymerase Chain Reaction | 316 | ||
| Potassium (K) | 317 | ||
| Protein, Total (TP) | 317 | ||
| Prothrombin Time (PT) | 317 | ||
| Red Blood Cell (RBC) Count | 318 | ||
| Reticulocyte Count | 318 | ||
| Sodium (Na) | 318 | ||
| Thoracocentesis Fluid | 319 | ||
| Thrombocyte Count | 320 | ||
| Thyroid Function Tests | 320 | ||
| Toxoplasmosis Antibody Titer | 321 | ||
| Triglycerides | 321 | ||
| Trypsinogen-Like Immunoreactivity (TLI)/ Pancreatic Lipase Immunoreactivity (PLI) | 322 | ||
| Urinalysis | 322 | ||
| Urine Cortisol/Creatinine Ratio | 326 | ||
| Urine Protein/Creatinine Ratio | 326 | ||
| von Willebrand Factor | 326 | ||
| White Blood Cell (WBC) Count | 326 | ||
| INDEX | 327 |