Additional Information
Book Details
Abstract
Fully updated to meet the demands of the 21st-century surgeon, Plastic Surgery provides you with all the most current knowledge and techniques across your entire field, allowing you to offer every patient the best possible outcome. Edited by Drs. Mathes and Hentz in its last edition, this six-volume plastic surgery reference now features new expert leadership, a new organization, new online features, and a vast collection of new information - delivering all the state-of-the-art know-how you need to overcome any challenge you may face. Renowned authorities provide evidence-based guidance to help you make the best clinical decisions, get the best results from each procedure, avoid complications, and exceed your patients’ expectations.
- Consult this title on your favorite e-reader, conduct rapid searches, and adjust font sizes for optimal readability. Compatible with Kindle®, nook®, and other popular devices.
- Apply the very latest advances in every area of plastic surgery and ensure optimal outcomes with evidence-based advice from a diverse collection of world-leading authorities.
- Master the latest on stem cell therapy, tissue engineering, and inductive therapies • aesthetic surgical techniques and nonsurgical treatments • conjoined twin separation and other craniofacial surgery advances • microsurgical lymphatic reconstruction, super microsurgery, and sternal fixation • autologous lipofilling of the breast • nerve transfers in hand surgery, hand allotransplantation, and functional prosthetics • and much, much more.
- Easily find the answers you need with a new organization that features separate volumes covering Principles • Aesthetic • Craniofacial, Head and Neck Surgery • Lower Extremity, Trunk and Burns • Breast • and Hand and Upper Extremity, plus a more templated, user-friendly, high-yield presentation.
- Visualize procedures more clearly through an abundance of completely redrawn full-color illustrations and new color clinical photographs.
- Access the complete, fully searchable contents of each volume online, download all the tables and figures, view 160 procedural videos, and take advantage of additional content and images at www.expertconsult.com!
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Volume 1\r | Vol_1_Cover | ||
| Front cover | Vol_1_Cover | ||
| Plastic Surgery | Vol_1_i | ||
| Copyright page | Vol_1_iv | ||
| Table of Contents | Vol_1_v | ||
| Video Contents | Vol_1_xi | ||
| Foreword | Vol_1_xvi | ||
| Preface | Vol_1_xvii | ||
| List of Contributors | Vol_1_xviii | ||
| Acknowledgments | Vol_1_xl | ||
| Dedication | Vol_1_xli | ||
| 1 Plastic surgery and innovation in medicine | Vol_1_1 | ||
| Introduction | Vol_1_1 | ||
| Innovation and research | Vol_1_2 | ||
| Innovation and plastic surgery | Vol_1_2 | ||
| Composite tissue allotransplantation | Vol_1_2 | ||
| Collaboration | Vol_1_3 | ||
| Drivers of innovation | Vol_1_4 | ||
| Principles of innovation | Vol_1_5 | ||
| External influences and innovation | Vol_1_8 | ||
| Documentation, data gathering, and regulation | Vol_1_8 | ||
| References | Vol_1_10.e1 | ||
| 2 History of reconstructive and aesthetic surgery | Vol_1_11 | ||
| Origin of plastic surgery | Vol_1_11 | ||
| The distant past | Vol_1_11 | ||
| In Ancient Egypt | Vol_1_11 | ||
| In Mesopotamia | Vol_1_12 | ||
| In India | Vol_1_12 | ||
| In Greece | Vol_1_13 | ||
| In Rome | Vol_1_13 | ||
| Plastic surgery after the decline of the Roman Empire | Vol_1_14 | ||
| Byzantine surgery | Vol_1_14 | ||
| The Middle Ages | Vol_1_14 | ||
| Arabian surgery | Vol_1_14 | ||
| The rise of the universities | Vol_1_15 | ||
| The discovery of printing | Vol_1_15 | ||
| The Renaissance | Vol_1_15 | ||
| Renaissance surgery | Vol_1_15 | ||
| Nasal reconstruction in the western world | Vol_1_16 | ||
| The decline of plastic surgery | Vol_1_18 | ||
| The rebirth of plastic surgery | Vol_1_18 | ||
| The 19th century | Vol_1_19 | ||
| The golden age of plastic surgery | Vol_1_19 | ||
| The 20th century | Vol_1_20 | ||
| The origin of modern plastic surgery | Vol_1_20 | ||
| The training programs | Vol_1_23 | ||
| The birth of the scientific societies | Vol_1_24 | ||
| The scientific journals | Vol_1_24 | ||
| Postwar plastic surgery | Vol_1_25 | ||
| Aesthetic surgery | Vol_1_25 | ||
| The origin | Vol_1_25 | ||
| Development | Vol_1_26 | ||
| The problem of the beauty doctors | Vol_1_26 | ||
| Postwar aesthetic surgery | Vol_1_28 | ||
| References | Vol_1_29.e1 | ||
| Further reading | Vol_1_29.e3 | ||
| 3 Psychological aspects of plastic surgery | Vol_1_30 | ||
| Body image and plastic surgery | Vol_1_30 | ||
| Defining body image | Vol_1_30 | ||
| Body image determines emotional response and behavior | Vol_1_31 | ||
| Four stages of body image development | Vol_1_31 | ||
| Early childhood | Vol_1_31 | ||
| Starting school | Vol_1_31 | ||
| Adolescence | Vol_1_31 | ||
| Aging | Vol_1_31 | ||
| How plastic surgery changes body image | Vol_1_31 | ||
| Personality and character formation | Vol_1_32 | ||
| Defense mechanisms | Vol_1_32 | ||
| Perioperative psychological reactions | Vol_1_33 | ||
| The physician–patient relationship | Vol_1_33 | ||
| Personality styles and personality disorders | Vol_1_34 | ||
| Obsessive-compulsive personality and personality disorder | Vol_1_34 | ||
| Patient example | Vol_1_34 | ||
| Narcissistic personality and personality disorder | Vol_1_35 | ||
| Dependent personality and personality disorder | Vol_1_35 | ||
| Paranoid personality disorder | Vol_1_35 | ||
| Histrionic personality and personality disorder | Vol_1_36 | ||
| Borderline personality disorder | Vol_1_36 | ||
| Strategies for management of the difficult patient | Vol_1_36 | ||
| The hateful patient | Vol_1_36 | ||
| The dependent clinger | Vol_1_37 | ||
| Volume 2\r | Vol_2_Cover | ||
| Front cover | Vol_2_Cover | ||
| Plastic Surgery | Vol_2_i | ||
| Copyright page | Vol_2_iv | ||
| Table of Contents | Vol_2_v | ||
| Video Contents | Vol_2_xi | ||
| Foreword | Vol_2_xvi | ||
| Preface | Vol_2_xvii | ||
| List of Contributors | Vol_2_xviii | ||
| Acknowledgments | Vol_2_xl | ||
| Dedication | Vol_2_xli | ||
| 1 Managing the cosmetic patient | Vol_2_1 | ||
| Societal interest in cosmetic surgery | Vol_2_1 | ||
| The concept of beauty | Vol_2_1 | ||
| Increasing societal acceptance of cosmetic surgery | Vol_2_2 | ||
| Surgeon advertising | Vol_2_3 | ||
| Patient motivation for cosmetic surgery | Vol_2_3 | ||
| The ideal patient | Vol_2_3 | ||
| Special patient groups | Vol_2_4 | ||
| The male cosmetic surgery patient | Vol_2_4 | ||
| The young cosmetic surgery patient | Vol_2_4 | ||
| Friends or family as your cosmetic surgery patient | Vol_2_5 | ||
| The initial consultation | Vol_2_6 | ||
| First contact with the office | Vol_2_6 | ||
| Nurse assessment | Vol_2_6 | ||
| Surgeon’s assessment | Vol_2_6 | ||
| Photography | Vol_2_6 | ||
| Patient coordinator | Vol_2_7 | ||
| After the appointment | Vol_2_7 | ||
| Second and subsequent consultations | Vol_2_7 | ||
| Saying “no” to a potential patient | Vol_2_7 | ||
| When to say “no” | Vol_2_7 | ||
| How to say “no” | Vol_2_8 | ||
| Saying “yes”: what is involved? | Vol_2_8 | ||
| Managing surgical expectations | Vol_2_8 | ||
| Managing financial expectations | Vol_2_8 | ||
| Informed consent | Vol_2_9 | ||
| Preoperative regime for the patient | Vol_2_9 | ||
| Anesthesia consultation | Vol_2_9 | ||
| Postoperative follow-up | Vol_2_9 | ||
| Follow-up consultations | Vol_2_9 | ||
| The unsatisfactory outcome | Vol_2_10 | ||
| The patient is happy | Vol_2_10 | ||
| Both the patient and the surgeon are unhappy | Vol_2_10 | ||
| The patient is unhappy but the surgeon is happy | Vol_2_10 | ||
| Managing the unhappy patient | Vol_2_10 | ||
| Managing a colleague’s unhappy patient | Vol_2_10 | ||
| Managing your own unhappy patient | Vol_2_11 | ||
| Conclusion | Vol_2_11 | ||
| References | Vol_2_12.e1 | ||
| I Aesthetic Surgery of the Face | Vol_2_13 | ||
| 2 Nonsurgical skin care and rejuvenation | Vol_2_13 | ||
| Determining skin type | Vol_2_13 | ||
| Fitzpatrick skin phototype | Vol_2_13 | ||
| Baumann skin-typing system | Vol_2_14 | ||
| Skin aging | Vol_2_15 | ||
| Dry skin | Vol_2_15 | ||
| Clinical signs | Vol_2_16 | ||
| Basic skin care formulations | Vol_2_16 | ||
| Cleansers | Vol_2_16 | ||
| Bar surfactants | Vol_2_16 | ||
| Superfatted soaps | Vol_2_16 | ||
| Transparent soaps | Vol_2_16 | ||
| Combination bars | Vol_2_16 | ||
| Synthetic detergent bars | Vol_2_16 | ||
| Liquid surfactants | Vol_2_16 | ||
| Moisturizers | Vol_2_16 | ||
| Occlusives | Vol_2_17 | ||
| Lanolin | Vol_2_17 | ||
| Oils | Vol_2_17 | ||
| Humectants | Vol_2_17 | ||
| Glycerin | Vol_2_17 | ||
| Emollients | Vol_2_18 | ||
| Oatmeal | Vol_2_18 | ||
| Shea butter | Vol_2_18 | ||
| Other ingredients | Vol_2_18 | ||
| Hydroxy acids | Vol_2_18 | ||
| Alpha hydroxy acids | Vol_2_18 | ||
| Lactic acid | Vol_2_18 | ||
| Glycolic acid | Vol_2_19 | ||
| Beta hydroxy acid | Vol_2_19 | ||
| Sensitive skin | Vol_2_19 | ||
| Acne | Vol_2_19 | ||
| Rosacea | Vol_2_20 | ||
| Treatments for sensitive skin | Vol_2_21 | ||
| Corticosteroids (topical) | Vol_2_21 | ||
| Cyclooxygenase inhibitors (systemic) | Vol_2_21 | ||
| Salicylic acid (topical) | Vol_2_22 | ||
| Sulfur/sulfacetamide (topical) | Vol_2_22 | ||
| Natural ingredients (topical and systemic) | Vol_2_22 | ||
| Aloe vera | Vol_2_22 | ||
| Chamomile | Vol_2_22 | ||
| Feverfew | Vol_2_22 | ||
| Ginseng | Vol_2_22 | ||
| Licorice extract | Vol_2_23 | ||
| Mushrooms | Vol_2_23 | ||
| Oatmeal | Vol_2_23 | ||
| Selenium | Vol_2_23 | ||
| Turmeric/curcumin | Vol_2_24 | ||
| Pigmented skin | Vol_2_24 | ||
| Tyrosinase inhibitors | Vol_2_24 | ||
| Hydroquinone | Vol_2_24 | ||
| Aloesin | Vol_2_24 | ||
| Arbutin | Vol_2_24 | ||
| Flavonoids | Vol_2_25 | ||
| Hydroxycoumarins | Vol_2_25 | ||
| Kojic acid | Vol_2_25 | ||
| Licorice extract | Vol_2_25 | ||
| Emblicanin | Vol_2_25 | ||
| Melanosome transfer inhibitors | Vol_2_25 | ||
| Niacinamide | Vol_2_25 | ||
| Soy | Vol_2_25 | ||
| Wrinkled skin | Vol_2_26 | ||
| Retinoids | Vol_2_26 | ||
| Mechanism of action | Vol_2_26 | ||
| Side effects | Vol_2_26 | ||
| Antioxidants | Vol_2_27 | ||
| Vitamin C | Vol_2_27 | ||
| Vitamin E | Vol_2_27 | ||
| Coenzyme Q10 | Vol_2_27 | ||
| Grape seed extract | Vol_2_27 | ||
| Resveratrol | Vol_2_27 | ||
| Green tea | Vol_2_27 | ||
| Lycopene | Vol_2_28 | ||
| Role of noninvasive procedures | Vol_2_28 | ||
| Microdermabrasion | Vol_2_28 | ||
| Intense pulsed light | Vol_2_28 | ||
| Conclusion | Vol_2_28 | ||
| References | Vol_2_29.e1 | ||
| 3 Botulinum toxin (BoNT-A) | Vol_2_30 | ||
| Introduction | Vol_2_30 | ||
| History | Vol_2_30.e1 | ||
| Basic science | Vol_2_31 | ||
| Pharmacology and pharmacokinetics | Vol_2_31 | ||
| Commercial sources of BoNT-A | Vol_2_31 | ||
| Commercial source of BoNT-B | Vol_2_31 | ||
| Indications | Vol_2_31 | ||
| Warnings and contraindications | Vol_2_32 | ||
| Adverse effects | Vol_2_32 | ||
| Dosing | Vol_2_32 | ||
| Patient selection | Vol_2_33 | ||
| Decision-making details of selecting a patient for BoNT-A | Vol_2_33 | ||
| Treatment technique | Vol_2_33 | ||
| Glabella | Vol_2_33 | ||
| Forehead | Vol_2_34 | ||
| Crow’s feet and lower eyelids | Vol_2_34 | ||
| Brow elevation | Vol_2_37 | ||
| Neck | Vol_2_37 | ||
| Nasolabial folds | Vol_2_37 | ||
| Perioral lines | Vol_2_39 | ||
| Mentalis | Vol_2_41 | ||
| Depressor anguli oris | Vol_2_41 | ||
| Repair of surgical complications | Vol_2_41 | ||
| Hyperhidrosis | Vol_2_42 | ||
| Postoperative care | Vol_2_42 | ||
| Outcomes, prognosis, complications | Vol_2_42 | ||
| Potential adverse reactions | Vol_2_42 | ||
| Secondary procedures | Vol_2_42 | ||
| Treating patients who had the procedure but desire improved results | Vol_2_42 | ||
| References | Vol_2_43.e1 | ||
| 4 Soft-tissue fillers | Vol_2_44 | ||
| Introduction | Vol_2_44 | ||
| The pathophysiology of wrinkles | Vol_2_44 | ||
| Historical perspective | Vol_2_44.e1 | ||
| Classification of fillers | Vol_2_45 | ||
| Autologous fillers | Vol_2_46 | ||
| Biologic fillers | Vol_2_46 | ||
| Synthetic fillers | Vol_2_47 | ||
| Injection technique | Vol_2_48 | ||
| Indications and applications | Vol_2_50 | ||
| Glabellar lines | Vol_2_51 | ||
| Forehead lines | Vol_2_51 | ||
| Eyebrows | Vol_2_51 | ||
| Tear troughs | Vol_2_51 | ||
| Nasolabial folds | Vol_2_53 | ||
| Malar augmentation | Vol_2_53 | ||
| Marionette lines | Vol_2_53 | ||
| Jawline augmentation | Vol_2_54 | ||
| Panfacial volumetric augmentation | Vol_2_54 | ||
| Facial lipoatrophy | Vol_2_54 | ||
| Lips | Vol_2_55 | ||
| Nasal reshaping | Vol_2_56 | ||
| Scars and deformities | Vol_2_57 | ||
| Hand rejuvenation | Vol_2_57 | ||
| Contraindications and considerations | Vol_2_58 | ||
| Complications and their treatment | Vol_2_58 | ||
| Conclusion | Vol_2_59 | ||
| References | Vol_2_59.e1 | ||
| 5 Facial skin resurfacing | Vol_2_60 | ||
| Introduction | Vol_2_60 | ||
| History of resurfacing procedures | Vol_2_60.e1 | ||
| Basic science of resurfacing procedures | Vol_2_62 | ||
| Biology of wound healing following chemical peeling | Vol_2_62 | ||
| Inflammation | Vol_2_62 | ||
| Proliferation | Vol_2_62 | ||
| Remodeling | Vol_2_63 | ||
| Laser tissue interactions and properties of lasers | Vol_2_63 | ||
| Molecular basis of light-tissue interaction (LTI) | Vol_2_63 | ||
| Selective photothermolysis (SPT) | Vol_2_64 | ||
| Reaction types | Vol_2_64 | ||
| Photothermal | Vol_2_64 | ||
| Photochemical | Vol_2_64 | ||
| Biostimulation | Vol_2_64 | ||
| Cooling | Vol_2_64 | ||
| Nonablative facial skin rejuvenation (NSR) | Vol_2_64 | ||
| Fractional resurfacing | Vol_2_65 | ||
| Diagnosis and clinical evaluation | Vol_2_65 | ||
| Patient selection and treatment | Vol_2_66 | ||
| For chemical peels | Vol_2_66 | ||
| For laser treatments | Vol_2_67 | ||
| Deeper heating long pulse skin tightening procedures | Vol_2_70 | ||
| Fractional photothermolysis | Vol_2_70 | ||
| Clinical experience with fractional resurfacing procedures | Vol_2_74 | ||
| Contraindications | Vol_2_76 | ||
| Post-procedure care | Vol_2_76 | ||
| Complications | Vol_2_77 | ||
| Pigmentary change | Vol_2_77 | ||
| Scarring | Vol_2_77 | ||
| Infection | Vol_2_77 | ||
| Prolonged erythema | Vol_2_77 | ||
| Acne | Vol_2_77 | ||
| Milia | Vol_2_77 | ||
| Disclosures | Vol_2_77 | ||
| References | Vol_2_77.e1 | ||
| 6 Anatomy of the aging face | Vol_2_78 | ||
| Introduction | Vol_2_78 | ||
| Regions of the face | Vol_2_78 | ||
| Surgical anatomy of the face, SMAS, facial spaces and retaining ligaments | Vol_2_79 | ||
| Layer 1: skin | Vol_2_79 | ||
| Layer 2: subcutaneous tissue | Vol_2_80 | ||
| Layer 3: musculo-aponeurotic layer | Vol_2_81 | ||
| Layer 4 | Vol_2_81 | ||
| Layer 5 | Vol_2_82 | ||
| Anatomy over the cavities in the skeleton | Vol_2_82 | ||
| Facial spaces | Vol_2_83 | ||
| Upper temporal space | Vol_2_83 | ||
| Prezygomatic space | Vol_2_84 | ||
| Premasseter space | Vol_2_84 | ||
| Buccal space | Vol_2_84 | ||
| Facial nerve branches | Vol_2_85 | ||
| Aging changes of the face | Vol_2_86 | ||
| Skin | Vol_2_86 | ||
| Subcutaneous tissue | Vol_2_86 | ||
| Muscle aging | Vol_2_86 | ||
| Facial spaces and retaining ligaments | Vol_2_87 | ||
| Bone changes | Vol_2_87 | ||
| Regional changes observed with the aging face | Vol_2_88 | ||
| Temple and forehead | Vol_2_88 | ||
| The mid-cheek | Vol_2_88 | ||
| Lower face | Vol_2_89 | ||
| Considerations for correcting aging changes of the face based on the anatomy of the aging face | Vol_2_89 | ||
| Dissection planes | Vol_2_89 | ||
| Placement of sutures | Vol_2_91 | ||
| Summary | Vol_2_91 | ||
| References | Vol_2_92.e1 | ||
| 7 Forehead rejuvenation | Vol_2_93 | ||
| Introduction | Vol_2_93 | ||
| History | Vol_2_93.e1 | ||
| Anatomy | Vol_2_93 | ||
| Galea | Vol_2_94 | ||
| Muscle | Vol_2_95 | ||
| Sensory nerves | Vol_2_96 | ||
| Motor nerves | Vol_2_97 | ||
| Patient presentation | Vol_2_98 | ||
| Forehead aging | Vol_2_98 | ||
| Aesthetics | Vol_2_99 | ||
| Patient selection | Vol_2_100 | ||
| Surgical techniques | Vol_2_100 | ||
| Open coronal approach | Vol_2_100 | ||
| Anterior hairline approach | Vol_2_101 | ||
| Endoscopic approach | Vol_2_102 | ||
| Temple approach | Vol_2_103 | ||
| Transpalpebral approach – muscle modification | Vol_2_103 | ||
| Lateral brow approach | Vol_2_103 | ||
| Direct suprabrow approach | Vol_2_104 | ||
| Transpalpebral browpexy | Vol_2_104 | ||
| Suture suspension browpexy | Vol_2_105 | ||
| Postoperative care | Vol_2_105 | ||
| Outcomes and complications | Vol_2_105 | ||
| Secondary procedures | Vol_2_106 | ||
| References | Vol_2_107.e1 | ||
| 8 Blepharoplasty | Vol_2_108 | ||
| Introduction | Vol_2_108 | ||
| History | Vol_2_108.e1 | ||
| Basic science/disease process | Vol_2_108 | ||
| Essential and dynamic anatomy | Vol_2_108 | ||
| Osteology and periorbita | Vol_2_108 | ||
| Lateral retinaculum | Vol_2_109 | ||
| Medial orbital vault | Vol_2_110 | ||
| Forehead and temporal region | Vol_2_110 | ||
| Eyelids | Vol_2_111 | ||
| Upper eyelid | Vol_2_111 | ||
| Septal extension | Vol_2_112 | ||
| Lower eyelid | Vol_2_112 | ||
| Retaining ligaments | Vol_2_112 | ||
| Blood supply | Vol_2_112 | ||
| Innervation: trigeminal nerve and facial nerve | Vol_2_112 | ||
| Youthful, beautiful eyes | Vol_2_115 | ||
| Etiology of aging | Vol_2_116 | ||
| Diagnosis/patient presentation | Vol_2_116 | ||
| Evaluation basics | Vol_2_116 | ||
| Medical and ophthalmic history | Vol_2_116 | ||
| Ocular examination | Vol_2_118 | ||
| Visual acuity | Vol_2_118 | ||
| External examination | Vol_2_118 | ||
| Orbits and malar eminence | Vol_2_120 | ||
| Pupils | Vol_2_120 | ||
| Extraocular muscles | Vol_2_120 | ||
| Globe | Vol_2_120 | ||
| Tear film | Vol_2_120 | ||
| Photographic documentation | Vol_2_121 | ||
| Unintentional deception in eye appearance | Vol_2_121 | ||
| Patient selection | Vol_2_121 | ||
| Operative planning | Vol_2_121 | ||
| Anatomic-directed therapy | Vol_2_121 | ||
| Upper eyelid position | Vol_2_121 | ||
| Lower eyelid tonicity | Vol_2_121 | ||
| Eyelid ptosis or retraction | Vol_2_121 | ||
| Globe position and malar prominence | Vol_2_122 | ||
| Tear trough deformities | Vol_2_122 | ||
| Optimal brow positioning | Vol_2_122 | ||
| Treatment/technique | Vol_2_123 | ||
| Continuum of aesthetic enhancement | Vol_2_123 | ||
| Upper eyelid surgery | Vol_2_123 | ||
| Simple skin blepharoplasty | Vol_2_124 | ||
| Anchor (or invagination blepharoplasty) | Vol_2_124 | ||
| Orbital fat excision | Vol_2_124 | ||
| Blepharoptosis | Vol_2_124 | ||
| Surgical technique | Vol_2_126 | ||
| Lower lid blepharoplasty | Vol_2_127 | ||
| Transconjunctival blepharoplasty | Vol_2_128 | ||
| Transcutaneous blepharoplasty | Vol_2_128 | ||
| Orbital fat | Vol_2_128 | ||
| Orbital fat transposition | Vol_2_128 | ||
| Plication techniques | Vol_2_128 | ||
| Orbital septum plication | Vol_2_128 | ||
| Capsulopalpebral fascia plication | Vol_2_129 | ||
| Orbicularis suspension | Vol_2_130 | ||
| Canthopexy | Vol_2_131 | ||
| Midfacelifting | Vol_2_132 | ||
| Postoperative care | Vol_2_134 | ||
| Complications | Vol_2_135 | ||
| Special considerations | Vol_2_137 | ||
| Male blepharoplasty | Vol_2_137 | ||
| Blepharoplasty in people of color | Vol_2_137 | ||
| References | Vol_2_137.e1 | ||
| 9 Secondary blepharoplasty: | Vol_2_138 | ||
| Introduction | Vol_2_138 | ||
| Anatomical zones | Vol_2_140 | ||
| Corneal protection | Vol_2_140 | ||
| Upper eyelid | Vol_2_142 | ||
| Upper eyelid malposition: evaluation and management | Vol_2_142 | ||
| Ptosis | Vol_2_143 | ||
| Retraction | Vol_2_145 | ||
| Herring’s law | Vol_2_145 | ||
| Lower eyelid | Vol_2_148 | ||
| Lower eyelid malposition | Vol_2_148 | ||
| Evaluation | Vol_2_148 | ||
| Management | Vol_2_151 | ||
| Tarsal strip lateral canthoplasty and vertical spacer grafts | Vol_2_155 | ||
| Dermal orbicular pennant lateral canthoplasty | Vol_2_156 | ||
| Inferior retinacular lateral canthoplasty/canthopexy and midface elevation | Vol_2_156 | ||
| Midface elevation and fixation | Vol_2_157 | ||
| Choosing the appropriate technique(s) | Vol_2_157 | ||
| Miscellaneous complications | Vol_2_160 | ||
| References | Vol_2_162.e1 | ||
| 10 Asian facial cosmetic surgery | Vol_2_163 | ||
| Introduction | Vol_2_163 | ||
| Asian blepharoplasty | Vol_2_164 | ||
| Introduction | Vol_2_164 | ||
| Anatomic considerations | Vol_2_164 | ||
| Preoperative considerations and diagnosis | Vol_2_166 | ||
| Treatment/surgical technique | Vol_2_167 | ||
| Incisional versus nonincisional methods | Vol_2_167 | ||
| Nonincisional methods | Vol_2_167 | ||
| Partial incisional methods | Vol_2_168 | ||
| Incisional methods | Vol_2_168 | ||
| Subclinical ptosis repair | Vol_2_169 | ||
| Medial epicanthoplasty | Vol_2_169 | ||
| Lateral canthoplasty | Vol_2_170 | ||
| Postoperative care | Vol_2_170 | ||
| Outcomes, prognosis, and complications | Vol_2_170 | ||
| Asian rhinoplasty | Vol_2_172 | ||
| Introduction | Vol_2_172 | ||
| Differences in nasal soft tissue and skeletons between Asian and Caucasian noses | Vol_2_172 | ||
| History | Vol_2_173 | ||
| Diagnosis | Vol_2_173 | ||
| Low profile and broad nasal dorsum | Vol_2_173 | ||
| Underprojection of the nasal tip | Vol_2_173 | ||
| Blunt nasal tip | Vol_2_173 | ||
| Short or contracted nose | Vol_2_173 | ||
| Surgical techniques and treatment | Vol_2_173 | ||
| Low profile nasal dorsum augmentation | Vol_2_173 | ||
| One-piece augmentation rhinoplasty | Vol_2_174 | ||
| Two-piece augmentation rhinoplasty | Vol_2_174 | ||
| Underprojected nasal tip | Vol_2_174 | ||
| Alloplastic materials around the nasal tip | Vol_2_175 | ||
| Cartilaginous work for nasal tip projection | Vol_2_175 | ||
| Onlay graft | Vol_2_175 | ||
| Septal extension graft | Vol_2_175 | ||
| Bulbous nose | Vol_2_175 | ||
| Short or contracted nose | Vol_2_175 | ||
| Septal extension graft | Vol_2_176 | ||
| Derotation graft | Vol_2_176 | ||
| Rib cartilage or dermal-fat graft | Vol_2_176 | ||
| Outcomes, prognosis, and complications | Vol_2_176 | ||
| Implant deviation | Vol_2_176 | ||
| Implant exposure | Vol_2_176 | ||
| Implant infection | Vol_2_176 | ||
| Capsular contracture around implants | Vol_2_177 | ||
| Secondary procedures | Vol_2_177 | ||
| Forehead augmentation (Fig. 10.15) | Vol_2_177 | ||
| Paranasal augmentation | Vol_2_177 | ||
| Alar base surgery | Vol_2_177 | ||
| Genioplasty | Vol_2_177 | ||
| Asian facial bone surgery | Vol_2_177 | ||
| Introduction | Vol_2_177 | ||
| History | Vol_2_177 | ||
| Malar reduction | Vol_2_177 | ||
| Mandible angle reduction | Vol_2_178 | ||
| Orthognathic surgery and anterior segmental ostectomy | Vol_2_178 | ||
| Diagnosis and indications | Vol_2_178 | ||
| Mandible angle | Vol_2_178 | ||
| Zygoma | Vol_2_178 | ||
| Chin | Vol_2_178 | ||
| Dentoalveolar protrusion | Vol_2_179 | ||
| Facial profiles | Vol_2_179 | ||
| Surgical techniques and treatments | Vol_2_179 | ||
| Facial contouring surgery | Vol_2_179 | ||
| Mandible angle ostectomy (Figs 10.20, 10.21) | Vol_2_179 | ||
| Malar reduction surgery | Vol_2_180 | ||
| Intraoral L-shaped ostectomy | Vol_2_181 | ||
| Intraoral infracture technique with incomplete osteotomy | Vol_2_181 | ||
| Bicoronal approach | Vol_2_181 | ||
| Narrowing genioplasty | Vol_2_181 | ||
| Orthognathic surgery and anterior segmental ostectomy | Vol_2_181 | ||
| Orthognathic surgery: jaw rotation | Vol_2_181 | ||
| Bimaxillary protrusion: anterior segmental setback ostectomy | Vol_2_181 | ||
| Outcomes, prognosis, and complications | Vol_2_182 | ||
| Zygoma reduction | Vol_2_182 | ||
| Mandible angle reduction | Vol_2_182 | ||
| References | Vol_2_183.e1 | ||
| 11.1 Facelift: Principles | Vol_2_184 | ||
| Introduction | Vol_2_184 | ||
| History | Vol_2_184.e1 | ||
| Anatomy and patient presentation | Vol_2_184 | ||
| Skin | Vol_2_185 | ||
| Facial fat: ptosis, volume loss and volume gain | Vol_2_186 | ||
| Change in facial shape | Vol_2_188 | ||
| Superficial musculoaponeurotic system | Vol_2_189 | ||
| Facial muscles | Vol_2_189 | ||
| Retaining ligaments | Vol_2_189 | ||
| Deep fascia | Vol_2_191 | ||
| Bone | Vol_2_192 | ||
| Nerve anatomy | Vol_2_192 | ||
| Facial nerve | Vol_2_192 | ||
| Sensory nerves | Vol_2_193 | ||
| Patient selection | Vol_2_193 | ||
| Surgery | Vol_2_196 | ||
| Technique | Vol_2_196 | ||
| Subcutaneous facelift | Vol_2_197 | ||
| Facelift incisions | Vol_2_197 | ||
| Deep tissue surgery | Vol_2_200 | ||
| Skin flap mobilization and closure | Vol_2_200 | ||
| Neck surgery | Vol_2_202 | ||
| Ancillary techniques | Vol_2_203 | ||
| Browlift surgery and blepharoplasty | Vol_2_203 | ||
| Volume removal | Vol_2_203 | ||
| Volume augmentation | Vol_2_203 | ||
| Midfacelift (blepharoplasty approach) | Vol_2_204 | ||
| Lip procedures | Vol_2_204 | ||
| Dressings | Vol_2_205 | ||
| Postoperative care | Vol_2_205 | ||
| Surgical complications | Vol_2_205 | ||
| Hematoma | Vol_2_205 | ||
| Sensory nerve injury | Vol_2_205 | ||
| Motor nerve injury | Vol_2_205 | ||
| Unsatisfactory scars | Vol_2_206 | ||
| Alopecia | Vol_2_206 | ||
| Skin loss | Vol_2_206 | ||
| Infection | Vol_2_206 | ||
| Conclusion | Vol_2_206 | ||
| References | Vol_2_207.e1 | ||
| 11.2 Facelift: | Vol_2_208 | ||
| Introduction | Vol_2_208 | ||
| Subcutaneous facelift | Vol_2_208 | ||
| SMAS plication | Vol_2_209 | ||
| Loop sutures (MACS lift) | Vol_2_209 | ||
| Supra-platysmal plane facelift | Vol_2_210 | ||
| Subcutaneous facelift with SMAS removal (SMASectomy) | Vol_2_210 | ||
| SMAS flap with skin attached (deep plane facelift) | Vol_2_211 | ||
| Subcutaneous facelift with separate SMAS flap (dual plane facelift) | Vol_2_211 | ||
| Subperiosteal facelift | Vol_2_212 | ||
| Summary | Vol_2_212 | ||
| References | Vol_2_215.e1 | ||
| 11.3 Facelift: | Vol_2_216 | ||
| Introduction | Vol_2_216 | ||
| Technique | Vol_2_217 | ||
| Evaluation | Vol_2_217 | ||
| Patients and methods | Vol_2_217 | ||
| Results | Vol_2_218 | ||
| Complications | Vol_2_219 | ||
| Discussion | Vol_2_219 | ||
| The neck | Vol_2_220 | ||
| Conclusion | Vol_2_221 | ||
| References | Vol_2_222.e1 | ||
| 11.4 Facelift: | Vol_2_223 | ||
| Introduction | Vol_2_223 | ||
| Surgical foundation for the MACS-lift | Vol_2_224 | ||
| Patient evaluation | Vol_2_225 | ||
| Facial skeletal structure and asymmetry | Vol_2_226 | ||
| Skin quality, character, and looseness | Vol_2_226 | ||
| Forehead and glabellar rhytides | Vol_2_226 | ||
| Facial volume | Vol_2_226 | ||
| Ocular region | Vol_2_226 | ||
| Neck | Vol_2_226 | ||
| Jowls | Vol_2_226 | ||
| Previous surgery | Vol_2_226 | ||
| Medical history | Vol_2_226 | ||
| Patient expectations | Vol_2_226 | ||
| Surgical strategy | Vol_2_227 | ||
| Surgical sequence | Vol_2_227 | ||
| Skin incision and undermining | Vol_2_227 | ||
| Anchor point | Vol_2_227 | ||
| The neck suture | Vol_2_227 | ||
| The cheek suture | Vol_2_228 | ||
| The malar suture | Vol_2_228 | ||
| Skin advancement and resection | Vol_2_229 | ||
| Summary | Vol_2_231 | ||
| References | Vol_2_231 | ||
| 11.5 Facelift: Lateral SMASectomy | Vol_2_232 | ||
| Introduction | Vol_2_232 | ||
| Operative technique | Vol_2_233 | ||
| Anesthesia | Vol_2_233 | ||
| Incisions | Vol_2_233 | ||
| Skin flap elevation | Vol_2_233 | ||
| Defatting the neck and jowls | Vol_2_234 | ||
| Open submental incision with medial platysma approximation | Vol_2_234 | ||
| Lateral SMASectomy including platysma resection | Vol_2_234 | ||
| Vectors | Vol_2_235 | ||
| Skin closure, temporal and earlobe dog-ears | Vol_2_236 | ||
| References | Vol_2_237 | ||
| 11.6 Facelift: The extended SMAS technique in facial rejuvenation | Vol_2_238 | ||
| Introduction | Vol_2_238 | ||
| Anatomic considerations | Vol_2_239 | ||
| Retaining ligaments | Vol_2_239 | ||
| Aesthetic analysis and treatment planning | Vol_2_239 | ||
| Descent of facial fat | Vol_2_239 | ||
| Volume loss and facial deflation | Vol_2_239 | ||
| Radial expansion | Vol_2_241 | ||
| Role of skeletal support in formulating a surgical treatment plan | Vol_2_242 | ||
| Facial width, bizygomatic diameter, and malar volume | Vol_2_242 | ||
| Facial length and the relative vertical heights of the lower and middle-third of the face | Vol_2_242 | ||
| Convexity of the malar region juxtaposed to the concavity of the submalar region | Vol_2_242 | ||
| The vertical height of the mandibular ramus and the horizontal length of the mandibular body | Vol_2_243 | ||
| The aesthetic advantages of formal SMAS elevation in a two-layer dual plane SMAS facelift | Vol_2_244 | ||
| Surgical technique: extended SMAS dissection | Vol_2_244 | ||
| SMAS elevation | Vol_2_245 | ||
| SMAS fixation | Vol_2_246 | ||
| Variations in extended SMAS technique to affect a restoration in facial shape | Vol_2_248 | ||
| Release | Vol_2_248 | ||
| Vectors of fat elevation: facial asymmetry | Vol_2_249 | ||
| SMAS fixation | Vol_2_251 | ||
| Correction of platysma bands and cervical obliquity | Vol_2_252 | ||
| Sequence of SMAS fixation versus platysmaplasty | Vol_2_254 | ||
| Incisions | Vol_2_254 | ||
| Summary | Vol_2_255 | ||
| References | Vol_2_256.e1 | ||
| 11.7 Facelift: | Vol_2_257 | ||
| Patient consultation | Vol_2_257 | ||
| Evolution of the “high SMAS” technique | Vol_2_259 | ||
| Surgical planning | Vol_2_260 | ||
| Surgical technique | Vol_2_260 | ||
| Ancillary procedures | Vol_2_262 | ||
| Postoperative care | Vol_2_263 | ||
| Complications | Vol_2_265 | ||
| Volume 3\r | Vol_3_Cover | ||
| Front cover | Vol_3_Cover | ||
| Plastic Surgery | Vol_3_i | ||
| Copyright page | Vol_3_iv | ||
| Table of Contents | Vol_3_v | ||
| Video Contents | Vol_3_xi | ||
| Foreword | Vol_3_xvi | ||
| Preface | Vol_3_xvii | ||
| List of Contributors | Vol_3_xviii | ||
| Acknowledgments | Vol_3_xl | ||
| Dedication | Vol_3_xli | ||
| 1 Craniofacial, head and neck surgery: Eduardo D. Rodriguez | Vol_3_1 | ||
| 1 Anatomy of the head and neck | Vol_3_3 | ||
| The fascial planes of the head and neck and the facial nerve | Vol_3_3 | ||
| The fascia in the face | Vol_3_5 | ||
| The fascia in the temporal region | Vol_3_6 | ||
| The fascia in the neck | Vol_3_8 | ||
| Retaining ligaments and adhesions of the face | Vol_3_8 | ||
| The prezygomatic space | Vol_3_10 | ||
| The malar fat pad | Vol_3_10 | ||
| The buccal fat pad | Vol_3_10 | ||
| The facial nerve | Vol_3_11 | ||
| Frontal (temporal) branch | Vol_3_12 | ||
| Zygomatic and buccal branches | Vol_3_13 | ||
| Marginal mandibular | Vol_3_13 | ||
| Cervical branch | Vol_3_13 | ||
| Connection with sensory nerves | Vol_3_14 | ||
| The scalp | Vol_3_14 | ||
| The musculature | Vol_3_14 | ||
| Frontalis, galeal fat pad, and the glide plane | Vol_3_14 | ||
| Corrugators | Vol_3_15 | ||
| Procerus | Vol_3_15 | ||
| Depressor supercilii | Vol_3_15 | ||
| Midfacial muscles | Vol_3_16 | ||
| Muscles of mastication | Vol_3_16 | ||
| The temporalis muscle | Vol_3_16 | ||
| The masseter muscle | Vol_3_16 | ||
| The medial pterygoid muscle | Vol_3_16 | ||
| The lateral pterygoid muscle | Vol_3_16 | ||
| Actions of muscle of mastication | Vol_3_16 | ||
| The pterygomasseteric sling | Vol_3_16 | ||
| The aesthetic importance of the masseter and the temporalis muscle | Vol_3_17 | ||
| The sensory innervation | Vol_3_17 | ||
| Anatomy of the ear | Vol_3_19 | ||
| Anatomy of the eyelids | Vol_3_19 | ||
| Anatomy of the nose | Vol_3_21 | ||
| References | Vol_3_22.e1 | ||
| I Craniofacial Trauma | Vol_3_23 | ||
| 2 Facial trauma: | Vol_3_23 | ||
| Introduction | Vol_3_23 | ||
| History | Vol_3_23.e1 | ||
| Basic science | Vol_3_23 | ||
| Global considerations | Vol_3_23 | ||
| Diagnosis and patient presentation | Vol_3_24 | ||
| Evaluation for immediate life-threatening injuries | Vol_3_24 | ||
| Systematic evaluation of the head and neck | Vol_3_24 | ||
| Eye examination | Vol_3_25 | ||
| Ear examination | Vol_3_25 | ||
| Nose examination | Vol_3_25 | ||
| Cheek examination | Vol_3_25 | ||
| Oral cavity and mouth | Vol_3_25 | ||
| Neck examination | Vol_3_25 | ||
| Diagnostic studies | Vol_3_26 | ||
| Plain films | Vol_3_26 | ||
| CT | Vol_3_26 | ||
| Consultation with other providers | Vol_3_26 | ||
| Ophthalmology | Vol_3_26 | ||
| Dental/OMFS | Vol_3_26 | ||
| Treatment and surgical techniques | Vol_3_26 | ||
| Anesthesia for treatment | Vol_3_26 | ||
| Topical | Vol_3_26 | ||
| Local infiltration | Vol_3_26 | ||
| Facial field block | Vol_3_26 | ||
| Forehead, anterior scalp to vertex, upper eyelids, glabella (supraorbital, supratrochlear, infratrochlear nerves) | Vol_3_26 | ||
| Lateral nose, upper lip, upper teeth, lower eyelid, most of medial cheek (infraorbital nerve) | Vol_3_27 | ||
| Lower lip and chin (mental nerve) | Vol_3_27 | ||
| Posterior auricle, angle of the jaw, anterior neck (cervical plexus: great auricular, transverse cervical) | Vol_3_27 | ||
| Ear (auriculotemporal nerve, great auricular nerve, lesser occipital nerve, and auditory branch of the vagus (Arnold’s) nerve) | Vol_3_27 | ||
| General treatment considerations | Vol_3_29 | ||
| Irrigation and debridement | Vol_3_29 | ||
| Abrasions | Vol_3_29 | ||
| Traumatic tattoo | Vol_3_29 | ||
| Simple lacerations | Vol_3_30 | ||
| Complex lacerations | Vol_3_31 | ||
| Avulsions | Vol_3_31 | ||
| Secondary intention healing | Vol_3_32 | ||
| Treatment of specific areas | Vol_3_33 | ||
| Scalp | Vol_3_33 | ||
| Eyebrows | Vol_3_34 | ||
| Local flap | Vol_3_36 | ||
| Local graft | Vol_3_38 | ||
| Eyelids | Vol_3_38 | ||
| Ears | Vol_3_39 | ||
| Anatomy | Vol_3_40 | ||
| Hematoma | Vol_3_40 | ||
| Lacerations | Vol_3_41 | ||
| Auditory canal stenosis | Vol_3_41 | ||
| Partial amputation with a wide pedicle | Vol_3_42 | ||
| Partial amputation with a narrow pedicle | Vol_3_42 | ||
| Complete amputation of all or part of the ear with the amputated part available | Vol_3_42 | ||
| Nose | Vol_3_42 | ||
| Abrasions | Vol_3_43 | ||
| Lacerations | Vol_3_43 | ||
| Lining | Vol_3_43 | ||
| Framework | Vol_3_43 | ||
| Skin covering | Vol_3_43 | ||
| Avulsions | Vol_3_43 | ||
| Amputation | Vol_3_44 | ||
| Cheek | Vol_3_44 | ||
| Repair of parotid duct | Vol_3_45 | ||
| Facial nerve injury | Vol_3_45 | ||
| Mouth and oral cavity | Vol_3_45 | ||
| The oral cavity | Vol_3_46 | ||
| Oral mucosa repair | Vol_3_46 | ||
| The lips | Vol_3_46 | ||
| Neck | Vol_3_46 | ||
| Conclusion | Vol_3_46 | ||
| References | Vol_3_48.e1 | ||
| 3 Facial fractures | Vol_3_49 | ||
| Introduction | Vol_3_49 | ||
| History | Vol_3_49.e1 | ||
| Initial assessment | Vol_3_49 | ||
| Timing of treatment | Vol_3_49 | ||
| Clinical examination of the face | Vol_3_50 | ||
| Blunt trauma craniofacial injuries | Vol_3_50 | ||
| Computerized tomographic scans | Vol_3_51 | ||
| Upper facial fractures | Vol_3_51 | ||
| Frontal bone and sinus injury patterns | Vol_3_51 | ||
| Clinical examination | Vol_3_51 | ||
| Nasofrontal duct | Vol_3_51 | ||
| Radiography | Vol_3_51 | ||
| Surgical treatment | Vol_3_52 | ||
| Complications | Vol_3_53 | ||
| Orbital fractures | Vol_3_53 | ||
| Surgical anatomy of the orbit | Vol_3_53 | ||
| Orbital physical examination | Vol_3_53 | ||
| Radiographic evidence of fracture | Vol_3_54 | ||
| Indications for surgical treatment | Vol_3_54 | ||
| Blow-out fractures of the floor of the orbit | Vol_3_54 | ||
| Blow-out fractures in younger individuals | Vol_3_54 | ||
| Surgical treatment | Vol_3_54 | ||
| The timing of surgical intervention | Vol_3_55 | ||
| Operative technique for orbital fractures | Vol_3_55 | ||
| Endoscopic approaches for orbital floor fractures | Vol_3_55 | ||
| Cutaneous exposures | Vol_3_55 | ||
| Surgical treatment | Vol_3_55 | ||
| The forced duction test | Vol_3_55 | ||
| Restoration of continuity of the orbital floor | Vol_3_55 | ||
| Bone grafts for orbital floor reconstruction | Vol_3_55 | ||
| Inorganic implants | Vol_3_56 | ||
| Postoperative care | Vol_3_56 | ||
| Complications of orbital fractures | Vol_3_56 | ||
| Diplopia | Vol_3_56 | ||
| Enophthalmos | Vol_3_56 | ||
| Retrobulbar hematoma | Vol_3_56 | ||
| Ocular (globe) injuries and blindness | Vol_3_56 | ||
| Implant migration, late hemorrhage around implants and implant fixation | Vol_3_56 | ||
| Ptosis of the upper lid | Vol_3_57 | ||
| Scleral show, ectropion and entropion: vertical shortening of the lower eyelid | Vol_3_57 | ||
| Lid lamellae and their relation to contracture | Vol_3_57 | ||
| Infraorbital nerve anesthesia | Vol_3_57 | ||
| The “superior orbital fissure” syndrome and the “orbital apex” syndrome | Vol_3_57 | ||
| Midfacial fractures | Vol_3_57 | ||
| Nasal fractures | Vol_3_57 | ||
| Types and locations of nasal fractures | Vol_3_57 | ||
| Fractures and dislocations of the nasal septum | Vol_3_58 | ||
| The treatment of nasal fractures | Vol_3_59 | ||
| Open reduction and the use of supporting K wires | Vol_3_59 | ||
| Treatment of fractures and dislocations of the septum | Vol_3_59 | ||
| Complications of nasal fractures | Vol_3_60 | ||
| Nasoethmoidal orbital fractures | Vol_3_60 | ||
| Surgical pathology | Vol_3_60 | ||
| Interorbital space | Vol_3_60 | ||
| Traumatic telecanthus and hypertelorism | Vol_3_60 | ||
| Clinical examination | Vol_3_60 | ||
| Radiographs | Vol_3_61 | ||
| Classification of nasoethmoidal orbital fractures | Vol_3_61 | ||
| Treatment of nasoethmoidal orbital fractures | Vol_3_61 | ||
| The importance of the “central fragment” in nasoethmoid orbital fractures | Vol_3_63 | ||
| Canthal reattachment | Vol_3_63 | ||
| Lacrimal system injury | Vol_3_63 | ||
| Complications of nasoethmoidal orbital fractures | Vol_3_63 | ||
| Fractures of the zygoma | Vol_3_63 | ||
| Physical diagnosis and surgical pathology of zygoma fractures | Vol_3_64 | ||
| Classification of zygoma fractures | Vol_3_65 | ||
| Anterior approach | Vol_3_65 | ||
| “Minimalist” approach for fractures without zygomaticofrontal suture diastasis | Vol_3_65 | ||
| Endoscopic confirmation of orbital floor integrity | Vol_3_65 | ||
| Fractures with Z-F suture diastasis | Vol_3_65 | ||
| Posterior approach (coronal incisions) | Vol_3_66 | ||
| Treatment of fractures of the zygoma | Vol_3_66 | ||
| Closed reduction | Vol_3_66 | ||
| Buttress articulations and alignment | Vol_3_66 | ||
| Methods of reduction | Vol_3_67 | ||
| Reduction through the maxillary sinus | Vol_3_67 | ||
| Temporal approach | Vol_3_67 | ||
| Dingman approach | Vol_3_67 | ||
| Fixation required to achieve stability | Vol_3_67 | ||
| “High energy” zygoma fractures | Vol_3_67 | ||
| The maxillary sinus approach, with and without endoscopic assistance | Vol_3_68 | ||
| The intraoral approach | Vol_3_68 | ||
| Compound comminuted fractures of the zygoma | Vol_3_69 | ||
| Delayed treatment of fractures of the zygoma | Vol_3_69 | ||
| Complications of zygomatic fractures | Vol_3_69 | ||
| Bleeding and maxillary sinusitis | Vol_3_69 | ||
| Late complications | Vol_3_69 | ||
| Orbital complications | Vol_3_69 | ||
| Numbness | Vol_3_69 | ||
| Oral-antral fistula | Vol_3_70 | ||
| Plate complications | Vol_3_70 | ||
| Midface buttresses | Vol_3_70 | ||
| Clinical examination | Vol_3_70 | ||
| Inspection | Vol_3_70 | ||
| Palpation | Vol_3_71 | ||
| Digital manipulation | Vol_3_71 | ||
| Malocclusion of the teeth | Vol_3_71 | ||
| Cerebral spinal rhinorrhea or otorrhea | Vol_3_71 | ||
| Radiological examination | Vol_3_71 | ||
| Treatment of maxillary fractures | Vol_3_71 | ||
| Alveolar fractures | Vol_3_71 | ||
| Le Fort classification of facial fractures | Vol_3_71 | ||
| Goals of Le Fort fracture treatment | Vol_3_71 | ||
| Transverse (Guerin) fractures or Le Fort I level fractures | Vol_3_71 | ||
| Pyramidal fractures or Le Fort II level fractures | Vol_3_73 | ||
| Craniofacial dysjunction or Le Fort III fractures | Vol_3_73 | ||
| Le Fort I level fractures | Vol_3_73 | ||
| Le Fort II level fractures | Vol_3_73 | ||
| Le Fort III fractures | Vol_3_74 | ||
| Postoperative care of maxillary fractures | Vol_3_74 | ||
| Complications of maxillary fractures | Vol_3_74 | ||
| Airway | Vol_3_74 | ||
| Bleeding | Vol_3_74 | ||
| Infection | Vol_3_74 | ||
| CSF rhinorrhea | Vol_3_74 | ||
| Blindness | Vol_3_74 | ||
| Late complications | Vol_3_74 | ||
| Nonunion and bone grafting | Vol_3_74 | ||
| Malunion | Vol_3_74 | ||
| Malocclusion | Vol_3_74 | ||
| Nasolacrimal duct injury | Vol_3_75 | ||
| Lower facial fractures | Vol_3_75 | ||
| Mandible fractures | Vol_3_75 | ||
| Dental wiring and fixation techniques | Vol_3_75 | ||
| Arch-bars | Vol_3_75 | ||
| IMF screws | Vol_3_75 | ||
| Classification of mandibular fractures | Vol_3_76 | ||
| Clinical examination and diagnosis | Vol_3_76 | ||
| Diagnosis | Vol_3_76 | ||
| Muscles influencing mandibular movement | Vol_3_76 | ||
| The temporomandibular joint | Vol_3_76 | ||
| Fractures influencing displacement of fractured mandibular segments | Vol_3_77 | ||
| Direction and angulation of the fracture line | Vol_3_77 | ||
| The presence or absence of teeth in the fractured segments | Vol_3_77 | ||
| Treatment principles of mandibular fractures | Vol_3_77 | ||
| Treatment of class I fractures | Vol_3_77 | ||
| General principles of reduction and fixation | Vol_3_78 | ||
| Treatment of class II fractures | Vol_3_78 | ||
| Comminuted fractures | Vol_3_78 | ||
| Treatment of class III fractures | Vol_3_78 | ||
| Extraoral approach to open reduction | Vol_3_78 | ||
| Intraoral approach to open reduction | Vol_3_79 | ||
| Indications for ORIF of mandibular fractures | Vol_3_79 | ||
| Selection of internal fixation devices for mandibular fractures | Vol_3_80 | ||
| Champy or miniplate system | Vol_3_80 | ||
| Lag screw technique | Vol_3_81 | ||
| Third molars in mandibular angle fractures | Vol_3_81 | ||
| Antibiotic use | Vol_3_82 | ||
| Antibiotic prophylaxis for mandibular fractures | Vol_3_82 | ||
| Complications after fracture treatment | Vol_3_82 | ||
| Malocclusion | Vol_3_82 | ||
| Hardware infection and migration | Vol_3_82 | ||
| Increased facial width and rotation of the mandible | Vol_3_82 | ||
| Nonunion | Vol_3_82 | ||
| Osteomyelitis | Vol_3_82 | ||
| Condylar and subcondylar fractures | Vol_3_83 | ||
| Edentulous mandible fractures | Vol_3_83 | ||
| The panfacial injury | Vol_3_84 | ||
| The treatment of panfacial fractures | Vol_3_84 | ||
| Order of procedure | Vol_3_84 | ||
| Complications of panfacial fractures | Vol_3_84 | ||
| Postoperative care | Vol_3_85 | ||
| Gunshot wounds of the face | Vol_3_85 | ||
| Low velocity gunshot wounds | Vol_3_85 | ||
| Intermediate and high velocity ballistic injuries to the face | Vol_3_86 | ||
| Treatment | Vol_3_86 | ||
| References | Vol_3_88.e1 | ||
| 4 TMJ dysfunction and obstructive sleep apnea | Vol_3_89 | ||
| Temporomandibular joint dysfunction | Vol_3_89 | ||
| Key points | Vol_3_89 | ||
| Historical perspective | Vol_3_89.e1 | ||
| Basic science/disease process | Vol_3_89 | ||
| Anatomy | Vol_3_89 | ||
| Myofascial problems | Vol_3_90 | ||
| Inflammation | Vol_3_90 | ||
| Osteoarthritis | Vol_3_90 | ||
| Rheumatoid arthritis | Vol_3_90 | ||
| Condylar problems | Vol_3_90 | ||
| Internal derangement | Vol_3_91 | ||
| Diagnosis | Vol_3_92 | ||
| History and physical examination | Vol_3_92 | ||
| Diagnostic imaging | Vol_3_92 | ||
| Patient selection | Vol_3_92 | ||
| Treatment | Vol_3_93 | ||
| Noninvasive management | Vol_3_93 | ||
| Surgical management | Vol_3_94 | ||
| Postoperative care | Vol_3_94 | ||
| Outcomes, prognosis, and complications | Vol_3_95 | ||
| Secondary procedures | Vol_3_95 | ||
| Obstructive sleep apnea | Vol_3_96 | ||
| Key points | Vol_3_96 | ||
| Basic science/disease process | Vol_3_96 | ||
| Diagnosis/patient presentation | Vol_3_96 | ||
| Patient selection | Vol_3_97 | ||
| Historical perspective | Vol_3_96.e1 | ||
| Treatment/surgical technique | Vol_3_97 | ||
| Surgical preparation | Vol_3_97 | ||
| Nasal procedures | Vol_3_98 | ||
| Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty | Vol_3_98 | ||
| Genioglossus advancement | Vol_3_98 | ||
| Mandibulomaxillary advancement | Vol_3_100 | ||
| Postoperative management | Vol_3_101 | ||
| Outcome | Vol_3_102 | ||
| Secondary procedures | Vol_3_103 | ||
| References | Vol_3_104.e1 | ||
| II Head and Neck Reconstruction | Vol_3_105 | ||
| 5 Scalp and forehead reconstruction | Vol_3_105 | ||
| Introduction | Vol_3_105 | ||
| Historical perspective | Vol_3_105.e1 | ||
| Basic science/disease process | Vol_3_105 | ||
| Anatomy | Vol_3_105 | ||
| Anatomy of the temporal region | Vol_3_106 | ||
| Blood supply | Vol_3_107 | ||
| Nerves | Vol_3_107 | ||
| Aesthetic units of the scalp and forehead | Vol_3_108 | ||
| Hair structure and cycle | Vol_3_109 | ||
| Disorders of the scalp and forehead | Vol_3_109 | ||
| Cicatricial alopecia | Vol_3_109 | ||
| Aplasia cutis congenita (ACC) | Vol_3_110 | ||
| Nevus sebaceous of Jadassohn (sebaceous nevus) | Vol_3_111 | ||
| Nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome (NBCCS) | Vol_3_112 | ||
| Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) | Vol_3_112 | ||
| Giant hair nevus – congenital nevomelanocytic nevus (CNN) | Vol_3_112 | ||
| Dysplastic nevus | Vol_3_113 | ||
| Linear scleroderma – en coup de sabre | Vol_3_114 | ||
| Discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE) | Vol_3_115 | ||
| Cutaneous sarcoidosis | Vol_3_115 | ||
| Neoplasms | Vol_3_116 | ||
| Lipoma | Vol_3_116 | ||
| Epidermoid cyst | Vol_3_116 | ||
| Trichoepithelioma | Vol_3_117 | ||
| Syringoma | Vol_3_117 | ||
| Basal cell carcinoma | Vol_3_117 | ||
| Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) | Vol_3_118 | ||
| Malignant melanoma | Vol_3_119 | ||
| Infections | Vol_3_119 | ||
| Physical trauma and burns | Vol_3_119 | ||
| Diagnosis/patient presentation | Vol_3_120 | ||
| Patient selection | Vol_3_120 | ||
| Treatment/surgical technique | Vol_3_121 | ||
| Reconstructive options | Vol_3_121 | ||
| Closure by secondary intention | Vol_3_121 | ||
| Vacuum-assisted closure | Vol_3_121 | ||
| Primary closure | Vol_3_121 | ||
| Tissue expansion | Vol_3_121 | ||
| Skin graft | Vol_3_123 | ||
| Local flaps | Vol_3_123 | ||
| Regional flaps | Vol_3_127 | ||
| Microsurgical reconstruction | Vol_3_128 | ||
| Scalp replantation | Vol_3_130 | ||
| Facial transplantation | Vol_3_131 | ||
| Postoperative care | Vol_3_131 | ||
| Outcome, prognosis, and complications | Vol_3_131 | ||
| Potential complications | Vol_3_131 | ||
| Secondary procedures | Vol_3_132 | ||
| References | Vol_3_133.e1 | ||
| 6 Aesthetic nasal reconstruction | Vol_3_134 | ||
| Introduction | Vol_3_134 | ||
| Historical perspective | Vol_3_134.e1 | ||
| Cover | Vol_3_134.e1 | ||
| Lining | Vol_3_134.e1 | ||
| Support | Vol_3_134.e2 | ||
| Basic science/disease process | Vol_3_134 | ||
| Diagnosis/patient presentation and patient selection | Vol_3_135 | ||
| Planning an aesthetic nasal reconstruction | Vol_3_135 | ||
| The traditional approach | Vol_3_135 | ||
| False principles | Vol_3_135 | ||
| Design the flap from a pattern of the defect | Vol_3_135 | ||
| Take extra tissue to be safe | Vol_3_135 | ||
| Make the flap smaller to preserve the donor site | Vol_3_135 | ||
| Employ a tissue expander to conserve the donor site | Vol_3_135 | ||
| Never throw anything away | Vol_3_135 | ||
| The presence and number of scars determine the final result: place incisions in existing scars, minimize scars, fear scars | Vol_3_135 | ||
| Place a supportive framework and debulk excess tissue secondarily after the soft tissues have healed and matured | Vol_3_135 | ||
| One hole, one flap, and (often) one operation | Vol_3_136 | ||
| The modern approach to nasal reconstruction | Vol_3_136 | ||
| The concept of peripheral and central facial units | Vol_3_136 | ||
| Peripheral units | Vol_3_136 | ||
| Central units | Vol_3_136 | ||
| Principles of regional unit repair | Vol_3_138 | ||
| The “subunit principle” | Vol_3_138 | ||
| Use the contralateral normal or the ideal as a guide | Vol_3_138 | ||
| Replace tissues in exact dimensions and outline | Vol_3_138 | ||
| Employ templates | Vol_3_138 | ||
| Choose ideal donor materials and employ an ideal method of tissue transfer | Vol_3_138 | ||
| Understand wound healing and tissue transfer | Vol_3_138 | ||
| Build on a stable platform | Vol_3_139 | ||
| Restore a subcutaneous framework of hard and soft tissue | Vol_3_139 | ||
| Disregard old scars | Vol_3_139 | ||
| Employ surgical staging to advantage | Vol_3_139 | ||
| Consider a preliminary operation | Vol_3_139 | ||
| Classification of defects | Vol_3_139 | ||
| Small defect | Vol_3_139 | ||
| Superficial defect | Vol_3_139 | ||
| Adversely located defect | Vol_3_139 | ||
| Large defect | Vol_3_140 | ||
| Deep defect | Vol_3_140 | ||
| Composite defects | Vol_3_140 | ||
| Treatment/surgical technique and postoperative care | Vol_3_140 | ||
| Zones of nasal skin quality | Vol_3_140 | ||
| Restoring nasal cover | Vol_3_140 | ||
| Small, superficial defects | Vol_3_140 | ||
| Healing by secondary intention | Vol_3_140 | ||
| Primary repair | Vol_3_141 | ||
| Skin grafting | Vol_3_141 | ||
| Preauricular and postauricular skin grafts | Vol_3_141 | ||
| Full-thickness forehead skin graft (Figs 6.2–6.6) | Vol_3_141 | ||
| Skin graft technique | Vol_3_141 | ||
| Local flaps | Vol_3_142 | ||
| The single-lobe transposition flap (Fig. 6.7) | Vol_3_143 | ||
| The dorsal nasal flap | Vol_3_143 | ||
| The geometric bilobed flap | Vol_3_143 | ||
| The one-stage nasolabial flap (Fig. 6.8) | Vol_3_145 | ||
| Large, deep, and adversely located defects | Vol_3_146 | ||
| The superiorly based two-stage subunit nasolabial flap (Figs 6.9–6.11) | Vol_3_146 | ||
| Stage 1 | Vol_3_146 | ||
| Stage 2 | Vol_3_146 | ||
| The forehead flap | Vol_3_148 | ||
| The two-stage forehead flap (Figs 6.13–6.16) | Vol_3_148 | ||
| Technique of the two-stage forehead flap | Vol_3_148 | ||
| Stage 1: flap transfer | Vol_3_148 | ||
| Stage 2 | Vol_3_151 | ||
| The three stage full-thickness forehead flap (Fig. 6.17) | Vol_3_151 | ||
| Technique of a three-stage full-thickness forehead flap (Figs 6.18–6.27) | Vol_3_152 | ||
| Stage 1 | Vol_3_152 | ||
| Stage 2: the intermediate operation | Vol_3_153 | ||
| Stage 3: pedicle division | Vol_3_155 | ||
| Handling the forehead donor site | Vol_3_155 | ||
| Primary closure of the forehead | Vol_3_155 | ||
| Scars within the forehead territory | Vol_3_156 | ||
| Surgical delay of a forehead flap | Vol_3_157 | ||
| Technique of surgical delay | Vol_3_158 | ||
| Expansion of the forehead | Vol_3_158 | ||
| Expansion and delay | Vol_3_159 | ||
| Technique of forehead expansion | Vol_3_159 | ||
| Guidelines for harvesting multiple forehead flaps | Vol_3_160 | ||
| Restoring nasal contour and support: recreating a subsurface architecture | Vol_3_160 | ||
| Hard-tissue support replacement | Vol_3_160 | ||
| Timing | Vol_3_160 | ||
| Design | Vol_3_160 | ||
| Materials | Vol_3_160 | ||
| Harvest | Vol_3_161 | ||
| Graft fixation | Vol_3_161 | ||
| Soft-tissue support and contouring | Vol_3_161 | ||
| Restoring nasal lining | Vol_3_161 | ||
| Composite skin grafts | Vol_3_161 | ||
| Advancement of residual lining | Vol_3_161 | ||
| The prelaminated forehead flap | Vol_3_162 | ||
| Hingeover lining flaps | Vol_3_162 | ||
| Indications for hingeover lining flaps | Vol_3_162 | ||
| Use of a second flap for lining | Vol_3_162 | ||
| The nasolabial flap | Vol_3_163 | ||
| A second forehead flap | Vol_3_163 | ||
| The facial artery myomucosal (FAMM) flap | Vol_3_163 | ||
| Intranasal lining flaps | Vol_3_163 | ||
| Intranasal lining flap technique (Figs 6.29–6.33) | Vol_3_166 | ||
| Isolated unilateral mid-vault lining loss | Vol_3_166 | ||
| Unilateral lining loss | Vol_3_168 | ||
| The modified folded forehead flap for lining (Figs 6.34–6.41) | Vol_3_170 | ||
| Skin grafts for lining | Vol_3_172 | ||
| Microvascular lining with distant tissue | Vol_3_173 | ||
| Principles of free flap nasal reconstruction | Vol_3_173 | ||
| The midfacial defect with an inadequate platform | Vol_3_174 | ||
| Restoring nasal lining with a free flap | Vol_3_174 | ||
| Defects of the mid-vault alone | Vol_3_174 | ||
| Subtotal and total nasal defects – lining for the vault, columella, and nasal floor | Vol_3_174 | ||
| Operation 1 | Vol_3_174 | ||
| Operation 2 | Vol_3_177 | ||
| Operation 3 | Vol_3_177 | ||
| Operation 4 | Vol_3_178 | ||
| Operation 5 | Vol_3_178 | ||
| Outcomes, prognosis, and complications | Vol_3_179 | ||
| Secondary procedures | Vol_3_181 | ||
| The minor revision | Vol_3_181 | ||
| The major revision | Vol_3_184 | ||
| The redo | Vol_3_184 | ||
| References | Vol_3_186.e1 | ||
| 7 Reconstruction of the ear | Vol_3_187 | ||
| Introduction | Vol_3_187 | ||
| Anatomy | Vol_3_187 | ||
| Practical embryology and understanding the middle-ear problem | Vol_3_187 | ||
| Historical perspective | Vol_3_187.e1 | ||
| Etiology | Vol_3_189 | ||
| Incidence | Vol_3_189 | ||
| Hereditary factors | Vol_3_189 | ||
| Specific factors | Vol_3_189 | ||
| Diagnosis | Vol_3_189 | ||
| Classification | Vol_3_189 | ||
| Associated deformities | Vol_3_190 | ||
| Microtia | Vol_3_190 | ||
| Clinical characteristics | Vol_3_190 | ||
| General considerations | Vol_3_191 | ||
| Author’s method of repair | Vol_3_192 | ||
| Staging the auricular construction | Vol_3_192 | ||
| Preoperative consultation | Vol_3_192 | ||
| Planning, preparation, and correlation with the correction of other facial deficiencies | Vol_3_192 | ||
| First stage of reconstruction | Vol_3_194 | ||
| Obtaining the rib cartilage | Vol_3_194 | ||
| Framework fabrication | Vol_3_194 | ||
| Framework modifications in older patients | Vol_3_195 | ||
| Framework implantation | Vol_3_195 | ||
| Immediate postoperative care and management of complications | Vol_3_196 | ||
| Postoperative activities and care | Vol_3_197 | ||
| Other stages of auricular construction | Vol_3_197 | ||
| Rotation of the lobule | Vol_3_197 | ||
| Tragal construction and conchal definition | Vol_3_197 | ||
| Detaching the posterior auricular region | Vol_3_198 | ||
| Managing the hairline | Vol_3_201 | ||
| Variations in total ear reconstruction technique | Vol_3_202 | ||
| Secondary reconstruction | Vol_3_202 | ||
| Bilateral microtia | Vol_3_204 | ||
| The constricted ear | Vol_3_204 | ||
| Cryptotia | Vol_3_204 | ||
| Prominent ear | Vol_3_204 | ||
| Pathology | Vol_3_204 | ||
| Treatment | Vol_3_206 | ||
| Conchal alteration | Vol_3_206 | ||
| Restoration of the antihelical fold | Vol_3_206 | ||
| Altering the medial cartilage surface | Vol_3_207 | ||
| Altering the lateral cartilage surface | Vol_3_207 | ||
| Acquired deformities | Vol_3_207 | ||
| Replantation of the amputated auricle | Vol_3_209 | ||
| Replantation of auricular tissue attached by a narrow pedicle | Vol_3_209 | ||
| Replantation of auricular tissue as a composite graft | Vol_3_210 | ||
| Replantation of auricular cartilage | Vol_3_210 | ||
| Replantation of the dermabraded amputated auricle | Vol_3_211 | ||
| Replantation of the amputated auricle upon removal of postauricular skin and fenestration of cartilage | Vol_3_212 | ||
| Replanting the ear cartilage and immediately covering it with a fascial flap and skin graft | Vol_3_212 | ||
| Microsurgical ear replantation | Vol_3_212 | ||
| Deformities without loss of auricular tissue | Vol_3_212 | ||
| Irregularities in contour | Vol_3_212 | ||
| Otohematoma: “cauliflower ear” | Vol_3_212 | ||
| Stenosis of the external auditory canal | Vol_3_212 | ||
| Deformities with loss of auricular tissue | Vol_3_214 | ||
| Loss of auricular skin | Vol_3_214 | ||
| Full-thickness defects of the auricle | Vol_3_214 | ||
| Major auricular loss following trauma | Vol_3_214 | ||
| The skin covering | Vol_3_215 | ||
| Auricular prostheses | Vol_3_217 | ||
| Partial auricular loss | Vol_3_217 | ||
| Utilization of residual tissues | Vol_3_217 | ||
| Structural support | Vol_3_217 | ||
| Contralateral conchal cartilage | Vol_3_217 | ||
| Ipsilateral conchal cartilage | Vol_3_217 | ||
| Composite grafts | Vol_3_218 | ||
| Specific regional defects | Vol_3_218 | ||
| Helical rim | Vol_3_218 | ||
| Upper-third auricular defects | Vol_3_219 | ||
| Middle-third auricular defects | Vol_3_220 | ||
| Lower-third auricular defects | Vol_3_220 | ||
| Acquired earlobe deformities | Vol_3_220 | ||
| Tumors of the auricle | Vol_3_221 | ||
| Benign tumors | Vol_3_221 | ||
| Malignant tumors | Vol_3_221 | ||
| Reference | Vol_3_225.e1 | ||
| 8 Acquired cranial and facial bone deformities | Vol_3_226 | ||
| Introduction | Vol_3_226 | ||
| Key points | Vol_3_226 | ||
| Basic science/disease process | Vol_3_226 | ||
| Access incisions | Vol_3_226 | ||
| Coronal incisions | Vol_3_226 | ||
| Lower eyelid incisions | Vol_3_227 | ||
| Intraoral incisions | Vol_3_227 | ||
| Bone grafts | Vol_3_227 | ||
| Soft-tissue cover | Vol_3_227 | ||
| Treatment/surgical technique | Vol_3_228 | ||
| Treatment of specific defects | Vol_3_228 | ||
| Cranium | Vol_3_228 | ||
| Nose | Vol_3_228 | ||
| Nasoethmoid area | Vol_3_232 | ||
| Orbitozygomatic region | Vol_3_232 | ||
| Posttraumatic enophthalmos | Vol_3_234 | ||
| The irradiated orbit | Vol_3_235 | ||
| Maxilla | Vol_3_236 | ||
| Maxillary reconstruction | Vol_3_238 | ||
| Mandible | Vol_3_238 | ||
| Mandibular reconstruction | Vol_3_240 | ||
| Chin | Vol_3_240 | ||
| Postoperative care | Vol_3_240 | ||
| Outcomes, prognosis, and complications | Vol_3_242 | ||
| Secondary procedures | Vol_3_242 | ||
| References | Vol_3_242.e1 | ||
| 9 Midface reconstruction | Vol_3_243 | ||
| Introduction | Vol_3_243 | ||
| Basic science/disease process | Vol_3_243 | ||
| History | Vol_3_243.e1 | ||
| Diagnosis/patient presentation | Vol_3_244 | ||
| Type I: limited maxillectomy defects | Vol_3_244 | ||
| Type II: subtotal maxillectomy defects | Vol_3_244 | ||
| Type III: total maxillectomy defects | Vol_3_245 | ||
| Type IV: orbitomaxillectomy defects | Vol_3_245 | ||
| Functional and aesthetic outcomes | Vol_3_252 | ||
| Speech | Vol_3_252 | ||
| Diet | Vol_3_252 | ||
| Globe position and function | Vol_3_252 | ||
| Oral competence | Vol_3_253 | ||
| Aesthetic results | Vol_3_253 | ||
| Conclusions | Vol_3_253 | ||
| References | Vol_3_253.e1 | ||
| 10 Cheek and lip reconstruction | Vol_3_254 | ||
| Introduction | Vol_3_254 | ||
| History | Vol_3_255.e1 | ||
| Anatomic and functional considerations in lip reconstruction | Vol_3_255 | ||
| Lip function | Vol_3_256 | ||
| Patient selection and presentation | Vol_3_256 | ||
| Goals of lip reconstruction | Vol_3_256 | ||
| Operative technique | Vol_3_257 | ||
| Defect-specific reconstruction of the lip | Vol_3_257 | ||
| Defects of the vermillion | Vol_3_257 | ||
| Small full-thickness defects | Vol_3_258 | ||
| Intermediate full-thickness defects | Vol_3_259 | ||
| Large full-thickness defects | Vol_3_265 | ||
| Secondary procedures | Vol_3_268 | ||
| Complications | Vol_3_270 | ||
| Postoperative care | Vol_3_271 | ||
| Cheek reconstruction | Vol_3_271 | ||
| Operative technique: General principles | Vol_3_271 | ||
| Local flaps for cheek reconstruction | Vol_3_271 | ||
| Cheek rotation advancement flap | Vol_3_271 | ||
| The submental artery flap | Vol_3_272 | ||
| Free tissue transfer | Vol_3_272 | ||
| Soft tissue cheek reconstruction | Vol_3_272 | ||
| Scapular and parascapular flaps | Vol_3_273 | ||
| Anterolateral thigh flap | Vol_3_274 | ||
| Other flaps | Vol_3_274 | ||
| The facial nerve | Vol_3_274 | ||
| Composite defects | Vol_3_274 | ||
| Conclusion | Vol_3_274 | ||
| References | Vol_3_277.e1 | ||
| 11 Facial paralysis | Vol_3_278 | ||
| Introduction | Vol_3_278 | ||
| Historical perspective | Vol_3_278 | ||
| Basic science | Vol_3_278 | ||
| The facial nerve | Vol_3_278 | ||
| Facial musculature | Vol_3_280 | ||
| Diagnosis and patient presentation | Vol_3_282 | ||
| Classification | Vol_3_284 | ||
| Patient selection | Vol_3_284 | ||
| Treatment: nonsurgical and surgical | Vol_3_285 | ||
| Planning, priorities, and expectations | Vol_3_285 | ||
| Nonsurgical management | Vol_3_285 | ||
| Surgical management | Vol_3_286 | ||
| Brow | Vol_3_286 | ||
| Upper eyelid | Vol_3_287 | ||
| Lower eyelid | Vol_3_289 | ||
| Nasal airway | Vol_3_291 | ||
| Upper lip and cheek: smile reconstruction | Vol_3_291 | ||
| Nerve transfers: principles and current use | Vol_3_291 | ||
| Microneurovascular muscle transplantation | Vol_3_292 | ||
| Smile analysis | Vol_3_292 | ||
| Technique options | Vol_3_292 | ||
| Authors’ preferred method: two-stage microneurovascular transplantation | Vol_3_293 | ||
| Cross-facial nerve graft | Vol_3_293 | ||
| Gracilis muscle transplantation | Vol_3_295 | ||
| Muscle transplantation in the absence of seventh-nerve input | Vol_3_297 | ||
| Regional muscle transfer | Vol_3_298 | ||
| Static slings | Vol_3_300 | ||
| Soft-tissue rebalancing | Vol_3_302 | ||
| Lower lip | Vol_3_302 | ||
| Postoperative care | Vol_3_303 | ||
| Outcomes, prognosis, and complications | Vol_3_303 | ||
| Secondary procedures | Vol_3_304 | ||
| Further considerations | Vol_3_304 | ||
| Conclusions | Vol_3_305 | ||
| References | Vol_3_306.e1 | ||
| 12 Oral cavity, tongue, and mandibular reconstructions | Vol_3_307 | ||
| Introduction | Vol_3_307 | ||
| Basic anatomy/disease process | Vol_3_308 | ||
| Diagnosis/patient presentation | Vol_3_308 | ||
| Historical perspective | Vol_3_307.e1 | ||
| Patient selection and decision-making | Vol_3_308 | ||
| Patient factors (Table 12.4) | Vol_3_308 | ||
| Defect factors (Table 12.4) | Vol_3_310 | ||
| Skin graft | Vol_3_311 | ||
| Local/regional flap | Vol_3_311 | ||
| Free tissue transfer | Vol_3_311 | ||
| Decision making for buccal reconstruction (Table 12.2) | Vol_3_311 | ||
| Decision making for tongue reconstruction (Table 12.3) | Vol_3_313 | ||
| Decision making for mandibular reconstruction | Vol_3_315 | ||
| Treatment/surgical technique | Vol_3_316 | ||
| Part I: Soft-tissue flaps | Vol_3_316 | ||
| Local flaps | Vol_3_316 | ||
| Submental flap | Vol_3_316 | ||
| Regional flaps | Vol_3_318 | ||
| Deltopectoral flap | Vol_3_318 | ||
| Pectoralis major myocutaneous flap | Vol_3_319 | ||
| Free fasciocutaneous or musculocutaneous flaps | Vol_3_319 | ||
| Radial forearm flap | Vol_3_319 | ||
| Ulnar forearm flap | Vol_3_320 | ||
| Lateral arm flap | Vol_3_321 | ||
| Rectus abdominis musculocutaneous flap | Vol_3_321 | ||
| Anterolateral thigh fasciocutaneous or musculocutaneous flap | Vol_3_321 | ||
| Thoracodorsal artery perforator (TAP) flap | Vol_3_322 | ||
| Medial sural artery perforator (MSAP) flap | Vol_3_322 | ||
| Part II: Bone-carrying flaps | Vol_3_322 | ||
| Pedicled osteocutaneous flaps | Vol_3_322 | ||
| Pectoralis major osteomusculocutaneous flap | Vol_3_322 | ||
| Trapezius osteomusculocutaneous flap | Vol_3_322 | ||
| Temporalis osteomuscular flap | Vol_3_322 | ||
| Vascularized osteocutaneous flaps | Vol_3_322 | ||
| Circumflex iliac osteocutaneous flap | Vol_3_322 | ||
| Scapular osteomusculocutaneous flap | Vol_3_323 | ||
| Radius with radial forearm flap | Vol_3_323 | ||
| Fibula osteoseptocutaneous flap | Vol_3_323 | ||
| Surgical technique: fibula osteoseptocutaneous flap for mandibular reconstruction (Tables 12.6–12.8) | Vol_3_323 | ||
| Assessment of mandibular defects and custom-made templates | Vol_3_323 | ||
| Recipient site preparation | Vol_3_324 | ||
| Donor site selection | Vol_3_324 | ||
| Osteomyocutaneous peroneal artery combined flap harvest | Vol_3_328 | ||
| Osteotomies | Vol_3_331 | ||
| Flap inset | Vol_3_331 | ||
| Plating | Vol_3_331 | ||
| Ischemia time | Vol_3_331 | ||
| Temporomandibular joint reconstruction | Vol_3_331 | ||
| Dental rehabilitation: osseointegrated dental implants | Vol_3_332 | ||
| Postoperative care | Vol_3_332 | ||
| Outcome, prognosis, and complications | Vol_3_333 | ||
| Complications post buccal and tongue reconstructions | Vol_3_333 | ||
| Acute complications | Vol_3_333 | ||
| Chronic complications | Vol_3_333 | ||
| Complications post mandibular reconstruction | Vol_3_334 | ||
| Acute complications | Vol_3_334 | ||
| Chronic complications | Vol_3_334 | ||
| Secondary procedures | Vol_3_334 | ||
| Acknowledgment | Vol_3_334 | ||
| References | Vol_3_335.e1 | ||
| 13 Hypopharyngeal, esophageal, and neck reconstruction | Vol_3_336 | ||
| Introduction | Vol_3_336 | ||
| Basic science/anatomy | Vol_3_337 | ||
| Historical perspective | Vol_3_336.e1 | ||
| Patient selection | Vol_3_337 | ||
| Preoperative evaluation | Vol_3_337 | ||
| Medical evaluation | Vol_3_337 | ||
| History of radiotherapy and surgery | Vol_3_338 | ||
| Donor site evaluation | Vol_3_338 | ||
| Choice of flaps | Vol_3_338 | ||
| Surgical technique | Vol_3_339 | ||
| Reconstruction with the anterolateral thigh flap | Vol_3_339 | ||
| Flap design and harvesting | Vol_3_339 | ||
| Flap insetting | Vol_3_342 | ||
| Reconstruction with the radial forearm flap | Vol_3_347 | ||
| Flap design | Vol_3_347 | ||
| Flap harvesting | Vol_3_347 | ||
| Reconstruction with the jejunal flap | Vol_3_349 | ||
| Flap harvesting | Vol_3_349 | ||
| Flap insetting | Vol_3_350 | ||
| Recipient vessel choices | Vol_3_351 | ||
| Managing a frozen neck during pharyngoesophageal reconstruction | Vol_3_352 | ||
| Reconstruction of postlaryngectomy pharyngocutaneous fistulas | Vol_3_353 | ||
| Reconstruction of isolated cervical esophageal defects with an intact larynx | Vol_3_354 | ||
| Postoperative care | Vol_3_354 | ||
| General postoperative care | Vol_3_354 | ||
| Oral diet | Vol_3_355 | ||
| Voice rehabilitation | Vol_3_356 | ||
| Outcomes and complications | Vol_3_356 | ||
| Outcomes | Vol_3_356 | ||
| Managing postoperative complications | Vol_3_357 | ||
| Pharyngocutaneous fistula | Vol_3_357 | ||
| Anastomotic strictures | Vol_3_357 | ||
| Neck wound infection | Vol_3_358 | ||
| Secondary procedures | Vol_3_358 | ||
| Flap debulking | Vol_3_358 | ||
| Tracheal stomaplasty | Vol_3_358 | ||
| References | Vol_3_359.e1 | ||
| 14 Salivary gland tumors | Vol_3_360 | ||
| Introduction | Vol_3_360 | ||
| Basic science/disease process | Vol_3_360 | ||
| Anatomy | Vol_3_360 | ||
| Parotid gland | Vol_3_360 | ||
| Submandibular gland | Vol_3_361 | ||
| Sublingual gland | Vol_3_361 | ||
| Minor salivary glands | Vol_3_361 | ||
| Epidemiology | Vol_3_361 | ||
| Diagnosis/patient presentation | Vol_3_362 | ||
| Fine-needle aspiration | Vol_3_363 | ||
| Imaging modalities | Vol_3_363 | ||
| Computed tomography | Vol_3_363 | ||
| Magnetic resonance imaging | Vol_3_364 | ||
| Ultrasound | Vol_3_364 | ||
| Technetium scan | Vol_3_364 | ||
| Sialography | Vol_3_364 | ||
| Classification of tumors | Vol_3_365 | ||
| Nonneoplastic lesions | Vol_3_365 | ||
| Sialadenosis | Vol_3_365 | ||
| Sialadenitis | Vol_3_365 | ||
| Sialolithiasis | Vol_3_365 | ||
| Mucocele | Vol_3_365 | ||
| Necrotizing sialometaplasia | Vol_3_366 | ||
| Benign neoplastic lesions | Vol_3_366 | ||
| Pleomorphic adenoma | Vol_3_366 | ||
| Monomorphic adenoma | Vol_3_367 | ||
| Warthin’s tumor (papillary cystadenoma lymphomatosum) | Vol_3_367 | ||
| Oncocytoma | Vol_3_368 | ||
| Hemangioma | Vol_3_368 | ||
| Malignant neoplastic lesions | Vol_3_370 | ||
| Mucoepidermoid carcinoma | Vol_3_370 | ||
| Adenoid cystic carcinoma (cylindroma) | Vol_3_370 | ||
| Acinic cell carcinoma | Vol_3_370 | ||
| Adenocarcinoma | Vol_3_370 | ||
| Malignant mixed tumors | Vol_3_370 | ||
| Squamous cell carcinoma | Vol_3_370 | ||
| Oncocytic carcinoma | Vol_3_370 | ||
| Lymphoma | Vol_3_370 | ||
| Metastatic tumors | Vol_3_371 | ||
| Treatment/surgical technique | Vol_3_371 | ||
| Nonneoplastic lesions | Vol_3_371 | ||
| Necrotizing sialometaplasia | Vol_3_371 | ||
| Benign neoplastic lesions | Vol_3_371 | ||
| Pleomorphic adenoma | Vol_3_371 | ||
| Monomorphic adenomas | Vol_3_372 | ||
| Warthin’s tumors | Vol_3_372 | ||
| Oncocytoma | Vol_3_373 | ||
| Hemangiomas | Vol_3_373 | ||
| Malignant neoplastic lesions | Vol_3_373 | ||
| Mucoepidermoid carcinoma | Vol_3_373 | ||
| Adenoid cystic carcinoma | Vol_3_374 | ||
| Acinic cell carcinoma | Vol_3_375 | ||
| Adenocarcinomas | Vol_3_376 | ||
| Mixed malignant tumors | Vol_3_376 | ||
| Oncocytic carcinoma | Vol_3_377 | ||
| Lymphoma | Vol_3_377 | ||
| Outcomes, prognosis, and complications | Vol_3_377 | ||
| Malignant neoplastic lesions | Vol_3_377 | ||
| Mucoepidermoid carcinomas | Vol_3_377 | ||
| Adenoid cystic carcinomas | Vol_3_377 | ||
| Acinic cell carcinomas | Vol_3_377 | ||
| Adenocarcinomas | Vol_3_377 | ||
| Mixed malignant tumors | Vol_3_377 | ||
| Squamous cell carcinomas | Vol_3_377 | ||
| Frey syndrome | Vol_3_377 | ||
| References | Vol_3_379.e1 | ||
| 15 Tumors of the facial skeleton: | Vol_3_380 | ||
| Introduction | Vol_3_380 | ||
| Basic science/disease process | Vol_3_380 | ||
| Diagnosis/patient presentation | Vol_3_382 | ||
| Patient selection | Vol_3_382 | ||
| Historical perspective | Vol_3_380.e1 | ||
| Treatment/surgical technique | Vol_3_383 | ||
| Nonsurgical treatment | Vol_3_383 | ||
| Preoperative considerations | Vol_3_383 | ||
| Timing of operation | Vol_3_383 | ||
| Surgical approach | Vol_3_385 | ||
| Zone 1 | Vol_3_385 | ||
| Operative approach | Vol_3_385 | ||
| Optic nerve decompression | Vol_3_386 | ||
| Zone 2 | Vol_3_387 | ||
| Volume 4\r | Vol_4_Cover | ||
| Front cover | Vol_4_Cover | ||
| Plastic Surgery | Vol_4_i | ||
| Copyright page | Vol_4_iv | ||
| Table of Contents | Vol_4_v | ||
| Video Contents | Vol_4_xi | ||
| Foreword | Vol_4_xvi | ||
| Preface | Vol_4_xvii | ||
| List of Contributors | Vol_4_xviii | ||
| Acknowledgments | Vol_4_xl | ||
| Dedication | Vol_4_xli | ||
| I Lower Extremity Surgery | Vol_4_1 | ||
| 1 Comprehensive lower extremity anatomy | Vol_4_1 | ||
| Embryology | Vol_4_1 | ||
| The gluteal region | Vol_4_2 | ||
| Gluteal skeletal structure | Vol_4_2 | ||
| Gluteal fascial anatomy | Vol_4_5 | ||
| Muscles of the buttocks | Vol_4_5 | ||
| Gluteal vasculature | Vol_4_5 | ||
| Gluteal innervation | Vol_4_5 | ||
| The thigh | Vol_4_8 | ||
| Thigh skeletal structure | Vol_4_8 | ||
| Thigh fascial composition | Vol_4_8 | ||
| Thigh musculature | Vol_4_11 | ||
| Thigh vasculature | Vol_4_19 | ||
| Profunda femoris | Vol_4_22 | ||
| Lateral circumflex femoral arterial system | Vol_4_23 | ||
| Medial circumflex femoral arterial system | Vol_4_23 | ||
| Profunda femoris perforating branches | Vol_4_25 | ||
| Innervation of the thigh | Vol_4_26 | ||
| Motor innervation | Vol_4_26 | ||
| Cutaneous innervation | Vol_4_26 | ||
| The leg | Vol_4_30 | ||
| Knee and leg skeletal structure | Vol_4_30 | ||
| Knee skeletal structure | Vol_4_30 | ||
| Leg skeletal structure | Vol_4_30 | ||
| Leg fascial composition | Vol_4_34 | ||
| Deep fascia of the leg | Vol_4_34 | ||
| Interosseous membrane | Vol_4_34 | ||
| Lower leg compartments | Vol_4_34 | ||
| Compartment syndrome | Vol_4_37 | ||
| Leg musculature | Vol_4_37 | ||
| Anterior compartment | Vol_4_37 | ||
| Lateral compartment | Vol_4_37 | ||
| Posterior compartment – superficial layer | Vol_4_43 | ||
| Posterior compartment – deep layer | Vol_4_45 | ||
| Leg vasculature | Vol_4_45 | ||
| Leg nerve anatomy | Vol_4_48 | ||
| Lower leg nerve topography | Vol_4_48 | ||
| Lower leg motor innervation | Vol_4_48 | ||
| Lower leg cutaneous innervation | Vol_4_48 | ||
| The ankle and foot | Vol_4_50 | ||
| Ankle and foot skeletal structure | Vol_4_50 | ||
| Ankle | Vol_4_50 | ||
| Foot | Vol_4_50 | ||
| Ankle and foot fascial composition | Vol_4_52 | ||
| Extensor retinacula | Vol_4_52 | ||
| Flexor retinaculum | Vol_4_52 | ||
| Peroneal retinaculum | Vol_4_54 | ||
| Plantar fascia | Vol_4_54 | ||
| Fascial compartment of foot | Vol_4_54 | ||
| Foot musculature | Vol_4_56 | ||
| Foot and ankle vasculature | Vol_4_59 | ||
| Dorsalis pedis | Vol_4_59 | ||
| Posterior tibial artery – medial and lateral plantar arteries | Vol_4_59 | ||
| Peroneal arterial branches | Vol_4_59 | ||
| Ankle and foot nerve anatomy | Vol_4_61 | ||
| Foot cutaneous innervation | Vol_4_61 | ||
| Foot motor innervation | Vol_4_61 | ||
| Conclusion | Vol_4_61 | ||
| 2 Management of lower extremity trauma | Vol_4_63 | ||
| Introduction | Vol_4_63 | ||
| Basic science and disease process | Vol_4_63 | ||
| Diagnosis and patient presentation | Vol_4_64 | ||
| Historical perspective | Vol_4_63.e1 | ||
| Patient selection | Vol_4_65 | ||
| Amputation versus salvage | Vol_4_65 | ||
| Treatment and surgical techniques | Vol_4_66 | ||
| Timing of treatment | Vol_4_66 | ||
| Fracture management | Vol_4_67 | ||
| Vascular injury | Vol_4_67 | ||
| Reconstructive options | Vol_4_68 | ||
| Local flaps | Vol_4_68 | ||
| Perforator flaps | Vol_4_68 | ||
| Muscle-based flaps | Vol_4_72 | ||
| Fascial-based flaps | Vol_4_75 | ||
| Free tissue transfer – muscle | Vol_4_77 | ||
| Free tissue transfer – fasciocutaneous | Vol_4_81 | ||
| Skeletal reconstruction | Vol_4_83 | ||
| Negative-pressure wound therapy in lower extremity defects | Vol_4_83 | ||
| Amputation | Vol_4_83 | ||
| Treatment of associated complications | Vol_4_83 | ||
| Rhabdomyolysis | Vol_4_83 | ||
| Fat embolization | Vol_4_84 | ||
| Compartment syndrome | Vol_4_84 | ||
| Postoperative care | Vol_4_85 | ||
| Antibiotics | Vol_4_85 | ||
| Anticoagulation | Vol_4_85 | ||
| Blood loss | Vol_4_85 | ||
| Outcomes, prognosis, and complications | Vol_4_85 | ||
| Outcomes and prognosis | Vol_4_85 | ||
| Functional outcomes | Vol_4_85 | ||
| Amputation versus salvage | Vol_4_86 | ||
| Patient satisfaction | Vol_4_86 | ||
| Cost-utility | Vol_4_86 | ||
| Complications | Vol_4_86 | ||
| Wound complications | Vol_4_86 | ||
| Osteomyelitis | Vol_4_86 | ||
| Nonunion | Vol_4_87 | ||
| Chronic pain | Vol_4_87 | ||
| Secondary procedures | Vol_4_87 | ||
| Secondary cosmetic procedures | Vol_4_87 | ||
| Secondary functional procedures | Vol_4_91 | ||
| References | Vol_4_91.e1 | ||
| 3 Lymphatic reconstruction of the extremities | Vol_4_92 | ||
| Introduction | Vol_4_92 | ||
| Historical perspective | Vol_4_92.e1 | ||
| Ablative operations | Vol_4_92.e1 | ||
| Liposuction | Vol_4_92.e1 | ||
| Physiological operations | Vol_4_92.e1 | ||
| Greater omentum flaps | Vol_4_92.e2 | ||
| Vein grafts | Vol_4_92.e2 | ||
| Reconstruction methods | Vol_4_92.e3 | ||
| Lymphovenous bypass | Vol_4_92.e4 | ||
| Basic science/disease process | Vol_4_92 | ||
| Classification and etiology of lymphedema | Vol_4_93 | ||
| Diagnosis/patient presentation | Vol_4_93 | ||
| Patient selection | Vol_4_93 | ||
| Nonsurgical therapy | Vol_4_93 | ||
| Patient selection for reconstruction | Vol_4_94 | ||
| Treatment/surgical technique | Vol_4_94 | ||
| Ablative operations | Vol_4_94 | ||
| Physiological operations | Vol_4_95 | ||
| Lymphaticolymphatic bypass | Vol_4_95 | ||
| Lymphatic vessel reconstruction: Baumeister technique | Vol_4_95 | ||
| Microvascular lymph node transfer | Vol_4_96 | ||
| Lymphovenous bypass | Vol_4_96 | ||
| Lymphovenous shunts | Vol_4_96 | ||
| Postoperative care | Vol_4_97 | ||
| Outcomes, prognosis, and complications | Vol_4_98 | ||
| Secondary procedures following the reconstruction | Vol_4_99 | ||
| Summary | Vol_4_99 | ||
| References | Vol_4_100.e1 | ||
| 4 Lower extremity sarcoma reconstruction | Vol_4_101 | ||
| Introduction | Vol_4_101 | ||
| Soft-tissue and bone sarcomas | Vol_4_101 | ||
| Sarcomas in the lower extremity | Vol_4_102 | ||
| Basic science/disease process | Vol_4_102 | ||
| Epidemiology soft-tissue sarcomas | Vol_4_102 | ||
| Bone sarcomas | Vol_4_103 | ||
| Tumor growth and metastasizing | Vol_4_103 | ||
| Diagnosis/patient presentation/imaging | Vol_4_103 | ||
| Historical perspective | Vol_4_103.e1 | ||
| Patient profile/general considerations/treatment planning | Vol_4_104 | ||
| Patient profile | Vol_4_104 | ||
| General considerations | Vol_4_104 | ||
| Treatment planning | Vol_4_105 | ||
| Surgery | Vol_4_105 | ||
| Radiotherapy | Vol_4_106 | ||
| Chemotherapy | Vol_4_106 | ||
| Treatment/surgical resection techniques | Vol_4_106 | ||
| Biopsy techniques | Vol_4_106 | ||
| Fine-needle or core needle aspirations | Vol_4_106 | ||
| Excisional biopsy | Vol_4_106 | ||
| Incisional biopsy | Vol_4_107 | ||
| Reoperative biopsies and surgical revisions | Vol_4_107 | ||
| Surgical technique for definitive resection | Vol_4_108 | ||
| Soft-tissue sarcomas | Vol_4_108 | ||
| Vascular involvement | Vol_4_108 | ||
| Nerve involvement | Vol_4_109 | ||
| Osseous involvement | Vol_4_109 | ||
| Primary osseous sarcomas | Vol_4_109 | ||
| Specimen handling | Vol_4_109 | ||
| Wound closure | Vol_4_109 | ||
| Lymph node dissection | Vol_4_110 | ||
| Indications for amputation | Vol_4_110 | ||
| Reconstructive options for lower extremity preservation | Vol_4_110 | ||
| Soft tissue | Vol_4_110 | ||
| Neuromuscular unit | Vol_4_111 | ||
| Skeletal reconstruction | Vol_4_111 | ||
| Vascular surgery | Vol_4_112 | ||
| Complex approaches | Vol_4_112 | ||
| Postoperative care | Vol_4_112 | ||
| Immediate postoperative care | Vol_4_112 | ||
| Oncologic postoperative care and follow-up | Vol_4_113 | ||
| Secondary procedures | Vol_4_113 | ||
| Early secondary procedures – soft tissue | Vol_4_113 | ||
| Early secondary procedures – skeleton | Vol_4_113 | ||
| Late secondary procedures | Vol_4_114 | ||
| Outcomes, prognosis, and complications | Vol_4_114 | ||
| Outcomes and prognosis | Vol_4_114 | ||
| Soft-tissue sarcomas | Vol_4_114 | ||
| Bone sarcomas | Vol_4_115 | ||
| Complications – management of recurrent disease | Vol_4_116 | ||
| References | Vol_4_125.e1 | ||
| 5 Reconstructive surgery: | Vol_4_127 | ||
| Introduction | Vol_4_127 | ||
| History | Vol_4_127.e1 | ||
| Principles | Vol_4_127 | ||
| The value of autologous tissue | Vol_4_128 | ||
| The reconstructive elevator | Vol_4_128 | ||
| Skin grafts and substitutes | Vol_4_128 | ||
| Approach by location (local flaps) | Vol_4_130 | ||
| Thigh | Vol_4_130 | ||
| Lower leg | Vol_4_130 | ||
| Microvascular free tissue transfer | Vol_4_131 | ||
| Treatment approach | Vol_4_131 | ||
| Preoperative evaluation | Vol_4_131 | ||
| Primary limb amputation | Vol_4_132 | ||
| Debridement | Vol_4_133 | ||
| Timing of reconstruction | Vol_4_133 | ||
| Selection of recipient vessel | Vol_4_133 | ||
| Special considerations | Vol_4_133 | ||
| Osteomyelitis | Vol_4_133 | ||
| Diabetes | Vol_4_134 | ||
| Coverage after tumor ablation | Vol_4_136 | ||
| Exposed prosthesis | Vol_4_137 | ||
| Soft tissue expansion | Vol_4_137 | ||
| Postoperative care | Vol_4_137 | ||
| Monitoring | Vol_4_137 | ||
| Management of flap complications | Vol_4_138 | ||
| Secondary operations | Vol_4_138 | ||
| Muscle/musculocutaneous flaps | Vol_4_138 | ||
| Tensor fascia lata | Vol_4_138 | ||
| Rectus femoris | Vol_4_139 | ||
| Biceps femoris | Vol_4_139 | ||
| Gracilis | Vol_4_140 | ||
| Soleus | Vol_4_141 | ||
| Gastrocnemius | Vol_4_142 | ||
| Fasciocutaneous/perforator flap | Vol_4_143 | ||
| Groin/SCIP (superficial circumflex iliac perforator) | Vol_4_143 | ||
| Medial thigh/anteromedial perforator and gracilis perforator | Vol_4_143 | ||
| Lateral thigh/profunda femoris perforator | Vol_4_144 | ||
| Anterolateral thigh perforator | Vol_4_145 | ||
| Sural | Vol_4_146 | ||
| Tap (thoracodorsal artery perforator) | Vol_4_147 | ||
| Compound flaps | Vol_4_148 | ||
| Supermicrosurgery | Vol_4_149 | ||
| References | Vol_4_150.e1 | ||
| 6 Diagnosis and treatment of painful neuroma and of nerve compression in the lower extremity | Vol_4_151 | ||
| Introduction | Vol_4_151 | ||
| Historical perspective | Vol_4_152.e1 | ||
| Basic science/disease process | Vol_4_152 | ||
| The painful neuroma | Vol_4_152 | ||
| Chronic nerve compression | Vol_4_153 | ||
| Diagnosis/patient presentation | Vol_4_156 | ||
| The painful neuroma | Vol_4_156 | ||
| Chronic nerve compression | Vol_4_157 | ||
| Patient selection | Vol_4_157 | ||
| The painful neuroma | Vol_4_157 | ||
| Chronic nerve compression | Vol_4_158 | ||
| Surgical technique | Vol_4_159 | ||
| The painful neuroma (Box 6.1) | Vol_4_159 | ||
| Chronic nerve compression (Box 6.3) | Vol_4_164 | ||
| Postoperative care/rehabilitation | Vol_4_170 | ||
| The painful neuroma | Vol_4_170 | ||
| Chronic nerve compression | Vol_4_170 | ||
| Outcomes, prognosis, and recurrence | Vol_4_172 | ||
| The painful neuroma | Vol_4_172 | ||
| Chronic nerve compression | Vol_4_172 | ||
| References | Vol_4_173.e1 | ||
| 7 Skeletal reconstruction | Vol_4_174 | ||
| Introduction | Vol_4_174 | ||
| Basic science | Vol_4_174 | ||
| Diagnosis/patient presentation | Vol_4_175 | ||
| Historical perspective | Vol_4_174.e1 | ||
| Treatment and surgical technique | Vol_4_176 | ||
| Methods of skeletal reconstruction | Vol_4_176 | ||
| Bone grafting | Vol_4_176 | ||
| Vascularized bone transfer | Vol_4_177 | ||
| Periosteal and other bone flaps | Vol_4_178 | ||
| Distraction osteogenesis and the Ilizarov technique | Vol_4_179 | ||
| Allograft reconstruction | Vol_4_180 | ||
| Reconstruction by anatomic area | Vol_4_181 | ||
| Upper extremity | Vol_4_181 | ||
| Humerus | Vol_4_181 | ||
| Forearm | Vol_4_181 | ||
| Femur | Vol_4_183 | ||
| Tibia | Vol_4_183 | ||
| Pelvis and spine | Vol_4_184 | ||
| Clavicle | Vol_4_185 | ||
| Vascularized epiphyseal reconstruction | Vol_4_185 | ||
| Postoperative care | Vol_4_186 | ||
| Postoperative monitoring | Vol_4_186 | ||
| Adjuncts to skeletal reconstruction | Vol_4_186 | ||
| Postoperative aesthetic considerations | Vol_4_187 | ||
| Conclusion | Vol_4_188 | ||
| References | Vol_4_188.e1 | ||
| 8 Foot reconstruction | Vol_4_189 | ||
| Introduction | Vol_4_189 | ||
| Historical perspective | Vol_4_189.e1 | ||
| Basic science | Vol_4_189 | ||
| Angiosomes of the foot | Vol_4_189 | ||
| Compartment pressure measurement | Vol_4_190 | ||
| Gait analysis | Vol_4_190 | ||
| Patient presentation | Vol_4_191 | ||
| Clinical evaluation | Vol_4_191 | ||
| Connective tissue disorders | Vol_4_192 | ||
| Venous ulcer | Vol_4_192 | ||
| Ischemia | Vol_4_193 | ||
| Diabetic foot ulcer | Vol_4_194 | ||
| Neuropathic changes | Vol_4_195 | ||
| Hemorheologic abnormalities | Vol_4_195 | ||
| Chronic wound evaluation | Vol_4_196 | ||
| Bone assessment | Vol_4_196 | ||
| Infection identification and directed antibiotic therapy | Vol_4_196 | ||
| Patient selection | Vol_4_197 | ||
| Identify function of the limb | Vol_4_197 | ||
| Management | Vol_4_198 | ||
| Trauma and crush injuries | Vol_4_198 | ||
| Debridement of the chronic wound | Vol_4_198 | ||
| Wound management | Vol_4_199 | ||
| External fixation | Vol_4_199 | ||
| Treatment/surgical technique | Vol_4_201 | ||
| Soft tissue reconstruction | Vol_4_201 | ||
| Angiosomes and clinical implications | Vol_4_201 | ||
| Closure techniques | Vol_4_201 | ||
| Reconstruction by anatomic location | Vol_4_205 | ||
| Ankle and foot dorsum | Vol_4_205 | ||
| Extensor digitorum brevis muscle flap | Vol_4_205 | ||
| Lateral supramalleolar flap | Vol_4_206 | ||
| Plantar forefoot | Vol_4_207 | ||
| Toe fillet flap | Vol_4_207 | ||
| Neurovascular island flap | Vol_4_207 | ||
| V-Y plantar flap | Vol_4_207 | ||
| Forefoot amputations and associated flaps | Vol_4_207 | ||
| Plantar midfoot | Vol_4_208 | ||
| Neurovascular island flaps | Vol_4_208 | ||
| Suprafascial flaps | Vol_4_208 | ||
| Midfoot amputations | Vol_4_208 | ||
| Plantar hindfoot | Vol_4_208 | ||
| Intrinsic muscle flaps | Vol_4_209 | ||
| Medial plantar artery flap | Vol_4_209 | ||
| Heel pad flaps | Vol_4_209 | ||
| Sural artery flap | Vol_4_209 | ||
| Microvascular composite tissue transplantation (free flaps) | Vol_4_211 | ||
| Hindfoot amputations | Vol_4_216 | ||
| Postoperative care | Vol_4_217 | ||
| Outcomes | Vol_4_217 | ||
| Summary | Vol_4_218 | ||
| References | Vol_4_218.e1 | ||
| II Trunk Surgery | Vol_4_220 | ||
| 9 Comprehensive trunk anatomy | Vol_4_220 | ||
| Basic science and disease process: embryology of the trunk | Vol_4_220 | ||
| History | Vol_4_220.e1 | ||
| Back | Vol_4_220 | ||
| Muscles | Vol_4_221 | ||
| Vascular anatomy | Vol_4_223 | ||
| Chest | Vol_4_223 | ||
| Muscles | Vol_4_224 | ||
| Vascular anatomy | Vol_4_225 | ||
| Abdomen | Vol_4_227 | ||
| Muscles | Vol_4_228 | ||
| Vascular anatomy | Vol_4_229 | ||
| Nerves | Vol_4_230 | ||
| Pelvis | Vol_4_230 | ||
| Female perineum | Vol_4_230 | ||
| Vascular anatomy | Vol_4_232 | ||
| Male perineum | Vol_4_235 | ||
| Vascular anatomy | Vol_4_235 | ||
| References | Vol_4_238.e1 | ||
| 10 Reconstruction of the chest | Vol_4_239 | ||
| Introduction | Vol_4_239 | ||
| Common flaps for reconstruction | Vol_4_241 | ||
| Pectoralis major | Vol_4_241 | ||
| Latissimus dorsi | Vol_4_241 | ||
| Serratus anterior | Vol_4_244 | ||
| Rectus abdominus | Vol_4_244 | ||
| Omentum | Vol_4_245 | ||
| Patient selection/approach to patient | Vol_4_247 | ||
| History | Vol_4_245.e1 | ||
| Chest wall tumors | Vol_4_247 | ||
| Basic science/disease process | Vol_4_247 | ||
| Diagnosis/presentation/patient selection | Vol_4_247 | ||
| Volume 5\r | Vol_5_Cover | ||
| Front cover | Vol_5_Cover | ||
| Plastic Surgery | Vol_5_i | ||
| Copyright page | Vol_5_iv | ||
| Table of Contents | Vol_5_v | ||
| Video Contents | Vol_5_xi | ||
| Foreword | Vol_5_xvi | ||
| Preface | Vol_5_xvii | ||
| List of Contributors | Vol_5_xviii | ||
| Acknowledgments | Vol_5_xl | ||
| Dedication | Vol_5_xli | ||
| 1 Anatomy for plastic surgery of the breast | Vol_5_1 | ||
| Introduction | Vol_5_1 | ||
| Ideal breast architecture | Vol_5_1 | ||
| Development of the breast | Vol_5_2 | ||
| Parenchyma | Vol_5_3 | ||
| Nipple areola complex | Vol_5_5 | ||
| Skeletal support | Vol_5_5 | ||
| Vascularity | Vol_5_6 | ||
| Lymphatics | Vol_5_8 | ||
| Innervation | Vol_5_9 | ||
| Musculature | Vol_5_9 | ||
| Pectoralis major | Vol_5_9 | ||
| Serratus anterior | Vol_5_10 | ||
| Rectus abdominis | Vol_5_11 | ||
| External oblique | Vol_5_11 | ||
| Surgical indications | Vol_5_11 | ||
| Conclusion | Vol_5_11 | ||
| References | Vol_5_12 | ||
| References | Vol_5_12.e1 | ||
| I Cosmetic Surgery of the Breast | Vol_5_13 | ||
| 2 Breast augmentation | Vol_5_13 | ||
| Introduction | Vol_5_13 | ||
| History | Vol_5_13.e1 | ||
| Basic science/disease process | Vol_5_13 | ||
| Evolution of saline implants | Vol_5_13 | ||
| Silicone chemistry | Vol_5_14 | ||
| Evolution of silicone implants | Vol_5_14 | ||
| Diagnosis and patient presentation | Vol_5_15 | ||
| Patient selection | Vol_5_16 | ||
| Informed consent | Vol_5_17 | ||
| Operative planning | Vol_5_19 | ||
| Incision length and placement | Vol_5_19 | ||
| Pocket position | Vol_5_20 | ||
| Implant selection | Vol_5_24 | ||
| Filling material | Vol_5_24 | ||
| Implant size | Vol_5_25 | ||
| Implant surface texture | Vol_5_25 | ||
| Implant shape | Vol_5_25 | ||
| Treatment and surgical technique | Vol_5_27 | ||
| Inframammary incision | Vol_5_27 | ||
| Periareolar incision | Vol_5_30 | ||
| Transaxillary incision | Vol_5_31 | ||
| Transumbilical | Vol_5_32 | ||
| Postoperative care | Vol_5_32 | ||
| Perioperative complications | Vol_5_32 | ||
| Delayed complications of augmentation mammaplasty | Vol_5_36 | ||
| Periprosthetic capsular contracture | Vol_5_36 | ||
| Implant rupture and deflation | Vol_5_37 | ||
| Secondary procedures | Vol_5_37 | ||
| References | Vol_5_38 | ||
| References | Vol_5_38.e1 | ||
| 3 Secondary breast augmentation | Vol_5_39 | ||
| Introduction | Vol_5_39 | ||
| Basic science/disease process | Vol_5_40 | ||
| Diagnosis/patient presentation | Vol_5_40 | ||
| Classification | Vol_5_41 | ||
| Patient selection/indications | Vol_5_42 | ||
| Treatment/surgical technique | Vol_5_44 | ||
| Contracture | Vol_5_46 | ||
| Malposition | Vol_5_53 | ||
| Etiology | Vol_5_53 | ||
| Treatment | Vol_5_55 | ||
| Implant failure | Vol_5_58 | ||
| Rippling and palpability | Vol_5_59 | ||
| Breast asymmetry | Vol_5_61 | ||
| Soft tissue changes | Vol_5_63 | ||
| Size change | Vol_5_64 | ||
| Postoperative care | Vol_5_65 | ||
| Outcomes, prognosis, and complications | Vol_5_65 | ||
| References | Vol_5_66 | ||
| References | Vol_5_66.e1 | ||
| 4 Current concepts in revisionary breast surgery | Vol_5_67 | ||
| Introduction | Vol_5_67 | ||
| History | Vol_5_68.e1 | ||
| Basic science and disease process | Vol_5_68 | ||
| Acellular dermal matrix | Vol_5_68 | ||
| Published literature | Vol_5_69 | ||
| Regeneration | Vol_5_69 | ||
| Resorption | Vol_5_69 | ||
| Encapsulation | Vol_5_71 | ||
| Diagnosis and patient presentation | Vol_5_71 | ||
| Patient selection | Vol_5_71 | ||
| Treatment and surgical technique | Vol_5_71 | ||
| Coverage of the lower pole | Vol_5_73 | ||
| Implant stabilizer | Vol_5_75 | ||
| Tissue thickener | Vol_5_76 | ||
| Treatment of capsular contracture | Vol_5_77 | ||
| Outcomes, prognosis and complications | Vol_5_78 | ||
| References | Vol_5_79 | ||
| References | Vol_5_80.e1 | ||
| 5 Endoscopic approaches to the breast | Vol_5_81 | ||
| Introduction | Vol_5_81 | ||
| The optical cavity | Vol_5_81 | ||
| Support systems | Vol_5_82 | ||
| Illumination and imaging | Vol_5_82 | ||
| History | Vol_5_82.e1 | ||
| Use of the surgical endoscope in cosmetic breast surgery | Vol_5_82.e1 | ||
| Use of the surgical endoscope in reconstructive breast surgery | Vol_5_82.e1 | ||
| Endoscopic augmentation mammaplasty | Vol_5_83 | ||
| Basic science/disease process | Vol_5_83 | ||
| Diagnosis/patient presentation | Vol_5_83 | ||
| Patient selection | Vol_5_83 | ||
| Treatment/surgical technique | Vol_5_84 | ||
| Postoperative care | Vol_5_87 | ||
| Outcomes, prognosis, and complications | Vol_5_87 | ||
| Endoscopic breast reconstruction | Vol_5_88 | ||
| Basic science/disease process | Vol_5_88 | ||
| Diagnosis/patient presentation | Vol_5_88 | ||
| Patient selection | Vol_5_89 | ||
| Treatment/surgical technique | Vol_5_89 | ||
| Postoperative care | Vol_5_93 | ||
| Outcomes, prognosis, and complications | Vol_5_93 | ||
| References | Vol_5_96 | ||
| 6 Iatrogenic disorders following breast surgery | Vol_5_97 | ||
| Introduction | Vol_5_97 | ||
| Injection materials | Vol_5_97 | ||
| Paraffin (1899–1914) | Vol_5_97 | ||
| Liquid silicone injections (1944–1991) | Vol_5_98 | ||
| Polyacrylamide hydrogel (1988–2010) | Vol_5_100 | ||
| Breast implants | Vol_5_101 | ||
| The sponges (1951–1962, the early years) | Vol_5_101 | ||
| Silicone gel implants | Vol_5_102 | ||
| Implant disruption: silicone gel implants | Vol_5_103 | ||
| Hematoma | Vol_5_104 | ||
| Infection | Vol_5_105 | ||
| Capsular contracture | Vol_5_106 | ||
| Closed capsulotomy | Vol_5_107 | ||
| Capsular calcification: silicone gel implants | Vol_5_107 | ||
| Calcified capsules with saline implants | Vol_5_110 | ||
| Steroid atrophy | Vol_5_110 | ||
| Complications specific to saline implants | Vol_5_110 | ||
| Deflation | Vol_5_110 | ||
| Ripples and folds | Vol_5_111 | ||
| Autoinflation | Vol_5_111 | ||
| Implant malposition | Vol_5_112 | ||
| Plane of insertion | Vol_5_112 | ||
| Inadequate muscle release | Vol_5_113 | ||
| Submusculofascial plane | Vol_5_114 | ||
| Transaxillary dissection | Vol_5_115 | ||
| Symmastia | Vol_5_115 | ||
| Double-bubble deformity | Vol_5_116 | ||
| Ptosis of the augmented breast | Vol_5_116 | ||
| Secondary ptosis after pregnancy | Vol_5_117 | ||
| References | Vol_5_118.e1 | ||
| 7 Mastopexy | Vol_5_119 | ||
| Introduction | Vol_5_119 | ||
| Basic science/disease process | Vol_5_120 | ||
| History | Vol_5_120.e1 | ||
| Diagnosis and patient presentation | Vol_5_124 | ||
| Patient evaluation | Vol_5_124 | ||
| Patient selection | Vol_5_125 | ||
| Treatment/surgical technique | Vol_5_125 | ||
| Periareolar techniques | Vol_5_126 | ||
| Concentric mastopexy without parenchymal reshaping | Vol_5_126 | ||
| Periareolar Benelli mastopexy | Vol_5_127 | ||
| Technique | Vol_5_128 | ||
| Góes periareolar technique with mesh support | Vol_5_132 | ||
| Technique | Vol_5_132 | ||
| Vertical/short scar techniques | Vol_5_133 | ||
| Lassus vertical scar technique | Vol_5_134 | ||
| Lejour vertical scar technique | Vol_5_135 | ||
| Grotting sculpted vertical pillar mastopexy | Vol_5_136 | ||
| Technique | Vol_5_138 | ||
| Authors’ preferred technique for augmentation mastopexy | Vol_5_139 | ||
| Technique | Vol_5_142 | ||
| Mastopexy post-explantation | Vol_5_143 | ||
| Technique | Vol_5_145 | ||
| Inverted-T technique | Vol_5_146 | ||
| Technique | Vol_5_146 | ||
| Postoperative care | Vol_5_147 | ||
| Outcomes, prognosis, complications | Vol_5_148 | ||
| Nipple loss | Vol_5_148 | ||
| Scars | Vol_5_149 | ||
| Flap necrosis | Vol_5_149 | ||
| Nipple malposition | Vol_5_149 | ||
| Cosmetic disappointments | Vol_5_149 | ||
| Other complications | Vol_5_150 | ||
| Secondary procedures | Vol_5_150 | ||
| References | Vol_5_150 | ||
| References | Vol_5_151.e1 | ||
| 8.1 Reduction mammaplasty | Vol_5_152 | ||
| Introduction | Vol_5_152 | ||
| History | Vol_5_153 | ||
| Basic science | Vol_5_161 | ||
| Mammary hypertrophy | Vol_5_161 | ||
| Diagnosis/patient presentation | Vol_5_162 | ||
| Patient evaluation | Vol_5_162 | ||
| References | Vol_5_164 | ||
| References | Vol_5_164.e1 | ||
| 8.2 Inferior pedicle breast reduction | Vol_5_165 | ||
| Evolution of the technique | Vol_5_165 | ||
| Patient selection | Vol_5_166 | ||
| Details of planning and marking | Vol_5_166 | ||
| Details of planning | Vol_5_166 | ||
| Creating an equilateral triangle | Vol_5_166 | ||
| Marking of the transverse incisions at the base of the triangle | Vol_5_167 | ||
| Marking of the inframammary fold | Vol_5_167 | ||
| Assessing symmetry of markings | Vol_5_168 | ||
| Visualizing or examining the asymmetric patient | Vol_5_168 | ||
| Detailed description of technical procedure | Vol_5_168 | ||
| Case examples | Vol_5_172 | ||
| Complications and how to handle them | Vol_5_175 | ||
| Summary | Vol_5_175 | ||
| References | Vol_5_175 | ||
| References | Vol_5_176.e1 | ||
| 8.3 Superior or medial pedicle | Vol_5_177 | ||
| Evolution of the technique | Vol_5_177 | ||
| Patient selection | Vol_5_180 | ||
| Symptoms | Vol_5_180 | ||
| Patient characteristics | Vol_5_180 | ||
| Details of planning and marking | Vol_5_181 | ||
| General perioperative care | Vol_5_181 | ||
| Skin marking | Vol_5_181 | ||
| Detailed description of the technical procedure | Vol_5_182 | ||
| Anesthesia and positioning | Vol_5_182 | ||
| Selection of the pedicle | Vol_5_182 | ||
| Infiltration | Vol_5_182 | ||
| Deepithelialization | Vol_5_184 | ||
| Surgical excision | Vol_5_184 | ||
| Liposuction | Vol_5_185 | ||
| Breast shaping | Vol_5_186 | ||
| Wound closure | Vol_5_187 | ||
| Dressings and wound care | Vol_5_188 | ||
| General postoperative instructions and follow-up | Vol_5_188 | ||
| Examples of superior and medial pedicle breast reductions | Vol_5_188 | ||
| Superior pedicle breast reduction | Vol_5_188 | ||
| Medial pedicle breast reduction | Vol_5_189 | ||
| Complications and how to handle them | Vol_5_189 | ||
| Healing of the vertical scar | Vol_5_190 | ||
| Wound dehiscence | Vol_5_191 | ||
| Under-resection | Vol_5_192 | ||
| Summary | Vol_5_192 | ||
| References | Vol_5_193.e1 | ||
| 8.4 Short scar periareolar inferior pedicle reduction (SPAIR) mammaplasty | Vol_5_194 | ||
| Evolution of technique | Vol_5_194 | ||
| Patient selection | Vol_5_195 | ||
| Surgical planning and marking | Vol_5_196 | ||
| Technique | Vol_5_196 | ||
| Results | Vol_5_201 | ||
| Complications | Vol_5_203 | ||
| Fat necrosis | Vol_5_203 | ||
| Shape distortion | Vol_5_204 | ||
| Areolar spreading | Vol_5_204 | ||
| PTFE infection/exposure | Vol_5_204 | ||
| Recurrence of hypertrophy | Vol_5_204 | ||
| Summary | Vol_5_205 | ||
| References | Vol_5_205.e1 | ||
| 8.5 The L short-scar mammaplasty | Vol_5_206 | ||
| Evolution of the technique and patient selection | Vol_5_206 | ||
| Planning and marking | Vol_5_207 | ||
| Technical procedure | Vol_5_207 | ||
| Examples of large, medium, and small reductions | Vol_5_210 | ||
| Complications | Vol_5_213 | ||
| Summary | Vol_5_214 | ||
| References | Vol_5_215 | ||
| 8.6 Periareolar technique with mesh support | Vol_5_216 | ||
| Evolution of the technique | Vol_5_216 | ||
| Patient selection | Vol_5_217 | ||
| Technique | Vol_5_217 | ||
| Marking | Vol_5_217 | ||
| Surgical technique | Vol_5_218 | ||
| Mesh application | Vol_5_219 | ||
| Complications | Vol_5_226 | ||
| Summary | Vol_5_226 | ||
| References | Vol_5_226 | ||
| References | Vol_5_227.e1 | ||
| 8.7 Sculpted pillar vertical reduction mammaplasty | Vol_5_228 | ||
| Evolution of technique | Vol_5_228 | ||
| Patient selection | Vol_5_228 | ||
| Planning and markings | Vol_5_229 | ||
| Technique | Vol_5_229 | ||
| Closure | Vol_5_231 | ||
| Patient examples: small, medium, and large reductions | Vol_5_235 | ||
| Case 1: small breast reduction | Vol_5_235 | ||
| Case 2: moderate breast reduction | Vol_5_236 | ||
| Case 3: large breast reduction | Vol_5_236 | ||
| Complications | Vol_5_236 | ||
| Summary | Vol_5_239 | ||
| References | Vol_5_241 | ||
| 9 Revision surgery following breast reduction and mastopexy | Vol_5_242 | ||
| Introduction | Vol_5_242 | ||
| Patient history | Vol_5_242 | ||
| Preoperative patient evaluation | Vol_5_244 | ||
| Diagnosis/patient presentation | Vol_5_244 | ||
| Basic science | Vol_5_244 | ||
| Postoperative management | Vol_5_244 | ||
| Outcomes/prognosis/complications | Vol_5_245 | ||
| Surgical re-intervention for acute problems | Vol_5_245 | ||
| Hematoma | Vol_5_245 | ||
| Skin flap necrosis | Vol_5_246 | ||
| Postoperative care | Vol_5_246 | ||
| Wound excision and re-closure | Vol_5_246 | ||
| Contour abnormalities at the end of incisions | Vol_5_247 | ||
| Nipple areola ischemia | Vol_5_247 | ||
| Areola deformities | Vol_5_248 | ||
| Areola hypopigmentation | Vol_5_249 | ||
| Fat necrosis | Vol_5_251 | ||
| Asymmetry(ies) | Vol_5_251 | ||
| Nipple retraction | Vol_5_252 | ||
| Nipple malposition | Vol_5_252 | ||
| Nipple loss | Vol_5_253 | ||
| Re-do breast reduction | Vol_5_254 | ||
| Revision of mastopexy | Vol_5_254 | ||
| Revision mastopexy | Vol_5_262 | ||
| Volume 6\r | Vol_6_Cover | ||
| Front cover | Vol_6_Cover | ||
| Inside front cover | Vol_6_V-Contents | ||
| Plastic Surgery | Vol_6_i | ||
| Copyright page | Vol_6_iv | ||
| Table of Contents | Vol_6_v | ||
| Video Contents | Vol_6_xi | ||
| Foreword | Vol_6_xvi | ||
| Preface | Vol_6_xvii | ||
| List of Contributors | Vol_6_xviii | ||
| Acknowledgments | Vol_6_xl | ||
| Dedication | Vol_6_xli | ||
| Introduction Plastic surgery contributions to hand surgery | Vol_6_xliii | ||
| Origins of hand surgery | Vol_6_xliii | ||
| Principles of plastic surgery and their application to hand surgery | Vol_6_xliv | ||
| Origins of modern hand surgery | Vol_6_xlvi | ||
| Developments after World War II | Vol_6_xlvii | ||
| The era of microsurgery | Vol_6_xlvii | ||
| Recent developments | Vol_6_xlvii | ||
| Future directions | Vol_6_xlviii | ||
| References | Vol_6_xlviii | ||
| References | Vol_6_xlix.e1 | ||
| I Introduction and Principles | Vol_6_1 | ||
| 1 Anatomy and biomechanics of the hand | Vol_6_1 | ||
| Introduction | Vol_6_1 | ||
| Skin, subcutaneous tissue, and fascia | Vol_6_2 | ||
| Bones and joints | Vol_6_5 | ||
| Hand elements | Vol_6_5 | ||
| The wrist | Vol_6_7 | ||
| Joint motion | Vol_6_11 | ||
| The thumb | Vol_6_13 | ||
| Muscles and tendons | Vol_6_14 | ||
| Extrinsic extensors | Vol_6_14 | ||
| Pronators and supinators | Vol_6_18 | ||
| Extrinsic flexors | Vol_6_22 | ||
| The retinacular system | Vol_6_29 | ||
| Intrinsic muscles | Vol_6_32 | ||
| Blood supply | Vol_6_35 | ||
| Peripheral nerves | Vol_6_40 | ||
| Conclusion | Vol_6_46 | ||
| References | Vol_6_46 | ||
| References | Vol_6_46.e1 | ||
| 2 Examination of the upper extremity | Vol_6_47 | ||
| Obtaining a patient history | Vol_6_47 | ||
| Patient demographics | Vol_6_47 | ||
| Current complaint | Vol_6_47 | ||
| Medical history | Vol_6_48 | ||
| Allergies and medications | Vol_6_48 | ||
| Social history | Vol_6_48 | ||
| Physical examination of the hand | Vol_6_48 | ||
| Inspection | Vol_6_48 | ||
| Discoloration | Vol_6_48 | ||
| Deformity | Vol_6_48 | ||
| Muscular atrophy | Vol_6_48 | ||
| Trophic changes | Vol_6_49 | ||
| Swelling | Vol_6_49 | ||
| Skin creases | Vol_6_49 | ||
| Palpation | Vol_6_49 | ||
| Range of motion assessment | Vol_6_49 | ||
| Stability assessment | Vol_6_49 | ||
| Musculotendinous assessment | Vol_6_50 | ||
| Posture | Vol_6_50 | ||
| Motion | Vol_6_50 | ||
| Power | Vol_6_50 | ||
| Tests for specific muscles | Vol_6_51 | ||
| Extrinsic muscles | Vol_6_51 | ||
| The flexor digitorum profundus (FDP) muscle | Vol_6_51 | ||
| Flexor profundus test | Vol_6_51 | ||
| The flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS) muscle | Vol_6_51 | ||
| Flexor sublimis test | Vol_6_51 | ||
| The flexor pollicis longus (FPL) muscle | Vol_6_51 | ||
| The extensor pollicis brevis (EPB) and the abductor pollicis longus (APL) muscles | Vol_6_51 | ||
| The extensor carpi radialis longus (ECRL) and brevis (ECRB) muscles | Vol_6_51 | ||
| The extensor pollicis longus (EPL) muscle | Vol_6_51 | ||
| The extensor digitorum communis (EDC) muscles | Vol_6_51 | ||
| The extensor indicis proprius (EIP) muscle | Vol_6_51 | ||
| The extensor digiti minimi (EDM) muscle | Vol_6_51 | ||
| The extensor carpi ulnaris (ECU) muscle | Vol_6_52 | ||
| Intrinsic muscles | Vol_6_52 | ||
| The thenar muscles | Vol_6_52 | ||
| The adductor pollicis muscle (ADP) | Vol_6_52 | ||
| The interosseous and lumbrical muscles | Vol_6_52 | ||
| The hypothenar muscles | Vol_6_52 | ||
| Nerve assessment | Vol_6_52 | ||
| Vascular assessment | Vol_6_52 | ||
| Special provocative tests for the hand | Vol_6_53 | ||
| Range of motion assessment | Vol_6_53 | ||
| Flexor profundus test | Vol_6_53 | ||
| Flexor sublimis test | Vol_6_53 | ||
| Intrinsic tightness test (Bunnell) | Vol_6_53 | ||
| Extrinsic tightness test | Vol_6_54 | ||
| Lumbrical muscle tightness test | Vol_6_54 | ||
| Stability assessment | Vol_6_54 | ||
| Scaphoid shift test (Watson) | Vol_6_54 | ||
| Finger extension test | Vol_6_54 | ||
| Triquetrolunate ballottement test and the lunotriquetral shuck test | Vol_6_54 | ||
| Distal radioulnar joint instability test | Vol_6_54 | ||
| Ulnocarpal abutment test | Vol_6_55 | ||
| Pisiformis gliding test | Vol_6_55 | ||
| Extensor carpi ulnaris (ECU) synergy test | Vol_6_55 | ||
| Midcarpal instability test | Vol_6_55 | ||
| Musculotendinous assessment | Vol_6_55 | ||
| Dynamic tenodesis effect | Vol_6_55 | ||
| Milking test of the finger and thumb flexor tendons | Vol_6_56 | ||
| Finkelstein test | Vol_6_56 | ||
| Eichoff test | Vol_6_56 | ||
| Nerve assessment | Vol_6_56 | ||
| Tinel’s sign | Vol_6_56 | ||
| Phalen’s test | Vol_6_58 | ||
| Froment’s test | Vol_6_58 | ||
| Jeanne’s sign | Vol_6_58 | ||
| Wartenberg’s sign | Vol_6_58 | ||
| Other signs associated with ulnar nerve palsy | Vol_6_58 | ||
| Semmes–Weinstein monofilament test | Vol_6_59 | ||
| Two-point discrimination (2PD) test | Vol_6_59 | ||
| Moberg pick-up test | Vol_6_59 | ||
| Vascular assessment | Vol_6_60 | ||
| Allen’s test | Vol_6_60 | ||
| Digital Allen’s test | Vol_6_60 | ||
| Physical examination specific to the forearm | Vol_6_60 | ||
| The interosseous membrane of the forearm (IOM) | Vol_6_60 | ||
| Distal membranous portion | Vol_6_60 | ||
| Middle ligamentous portion | Vol_6_60 | ||
| Proximal membranous portion | Vol_6_60 | ||
| Measurement of forearm rotation | Vol_6_61 | ||
| Measurement of the muscle strength of the forearm | Vol_6_61 | ||
| Supination | Vol_6_61 | ||
| Pronation | Vol_6_61 | ||
| Physical examinations specific to the elbow | Vol_6_61 | ||
| Bony landmarks of the elbow | Vol_6_61 | ||
| Lateral ligament complex | Vol_6_61 | ||
| Lateral ulnar collateral ligament | Vol_6_61 | ||
| Radial collateral ligament | Vol_6_61 | ||
| Annular ligament | Vol_6_61 | ||
| Accessory collateral ligament | Vol_6_61 | ||
| Medial collateral ligament complex | Vol_6_61 | ||
| Instability of the elbow joint | Vol_6_61 | ||
| Posterolateral rotatory instability (PLRI) | Vol_6_63 | ||
| The pivot shift test maneuver | Vol_6_63 | ||
| Measurement of malrotation of the distal humerus | Vol_6_63 | ||
| Physical examination of thoracic outlet syndrome | Vol_6_63 | ||
| Classification | Vol_6_64 | ||
| Anatomy | Vol_6_64 | ||
| Provocative maneuver | Vol_6_65 | ||
| Adson test | Vol_6_65 | ||
| The neck tilting | Vol_6_65 | ||
| The costoclavicular compression test | Vol_6_65 | ||
| Wright test | Vol_6_65 | ||
| Roos extended arm stress test | Vol_6_66 | ||
| Morley’s test | Vol_6_66 | ||
| Physical examination of the upper extremity in children | Vol_6_67 | ||
| References | Vol_6_67 | ||
| References | Vol_6_67.e1 | ||
| 3 Diagnostic imaging of the hand and wrist | Vol_6_68 | ||
| Introduction | Vol_6_68 | ||
| Historical perspective | Vol_6_68.e1 | ||
| Radiography | Vol_6_68 | ||
| Evaluation of the hand | Vol_6_69 | ||
| Special views in the hand | Vol_6_70 | ||
| Pediatric hand radiographs | Vol_6_71 | ||
| Wrist evaluation | Vol_6_72 | ||
| Ultrasonography | Vol_6_76 | ||
| Computed tomography | Vol_6_78 | ||
| Fractures and dislocations | Vol_6_78 | ||
| Other applications of CT | Vol_6_81 | ||
| Magnetic resonance imaging | Vol_6_82 | ||
| Basics | Vol_6_82 | ||
| Clinical applications of MRI | Vol_6_82 | ||
| MRI for soft-tissue masses | Vol_6_82 | ||
| Ganglion cysts | Vol_6_83 | ||
| Giant cell tumors of the tendon sheath (GCTTS) | Vol_6_83 | ||
| Lipomas | Vol_6_83 | ||
| Hemangiomas | Vol_6_83 | ||
| Enchondromas | Vol_6_85 | ||
| MRI for wrist and hand trauma | Vol_6_85 | ||
| Occult scaphoid and carpal fractures | Vol_6_85 | ||
| Ligamentous injuries of the hand and wrist | Vol_6_85 | ||
| Thumb ulnar collateral ligament injuries | Vol_6_85 | ||
| Scapholunate interosseous ligament injury | Vol_6_85 | ||
| MRI for evaluating ulnar-sided wrist pain | Vol_6_86 | ||
| TFCC tears | Vol_6_86 | ||
| Ulnocarpal abutment | Vol_6_86 | ||
| DRUJ instability and tendinopathies | Vol_6_86 | ||
| MRI for evaluation of fracture nonunion | Vol_6_88 | ||
| MRI for AVN in scaphoid fracture nonunion | Vol_6_88 | ||
| Kienbock’s disease | Vol_6_88 | ||
| Osteomyelitis | Vol_6_88 | ||
| Vascular imaging techniques for the upper extremity | Vol_6_89 | ||
| Radionuclide imaging | Vol_6_90 | ||
| References | Vol_6_91 | ||
| References | Vol_6_91.e1 | ||
| 4 Anesthesia for upper extremity surgery | Vol_6_92 | ||
| Introduction | Vol_6_92 | ||
| Anatomy | Vol_6_92 | ||
| Perineurial environment | Vol_6_92 | ||
| Microneuroanatomy | Vol_6_94 | ||
| Sonoanatomy | Vol_6_94 | ||
| Pharmacology of local anesthetics | Vol_6_94 | ||
| Pharmacokinetics | Vol_6_94 | ||
| Toxicity | Vol_6_94 | ||
| Vasoconstrictors | Vol_6_95 | ||
| LA selection | Vol_6_95 | ||
| Regional anesthesia techniques | Vol_6_96 | ||
| Digital block | Vol_6_96 | ||
| Wrist block | Vol_6_97 | ||
| Intravenous regional anesthesia (Bier block) | Vol_6_97 | ||
| Interscalene block | Vol_6_97 | ||
| Supraclavicular block | Vol_6_97 | ||
| Infraclavicular block | Vol_6_99 | ||
| Axillary block | Vol_6_99 | ||
| Complications | Vol_6_100 | ||
| Peripheral nerve injury | Vol_6_100 | ||
| Evaluation and management | Vol_6_101 | ||
| Local anesthetic toxicity | Vol_6_101 | ||
| Vascular injury | Vol_6_102 | ||
| Infection | Vol_6_102 | ||
| Outcomes | Vol_6_102 | ||
| Clinical outcomes and patient satisfaction | Vol_6_102 | ||
| Operating room cost and efficiency | Vol_6_103 | ||
| Special considerations | Vol_6_103 | ||
| Cardiac patients | Vol_6_103 | ||
| Pediatric patients | Vol_6_103 | ||
| Perioperative pain management | Vol_6_103 | ||
| Peripheral catheters | Vol_6_103 | ||
| Preemptive analgesia | Vol_6_103 | ||
| Chronic postoperative pain | Vol_6_104 | ||
| References | Vol_6_104 | ||
| References | Vol_6_105.e1 | ||
| 5 Principles of internal fixation as applied to the hand and wrist | Vol_6_106 | ||
| Introduction | Vol_6_106 | ||
| Patient selection | Vol_6_106 | ||
| Fracture assessment | Vol_6_106 | ||
| Host factors | Vol_6_106 | ||
| Preoperative imaging | Vol_6_107 | ||
| Treatment/surgical technique | Vol_6_107 | ||
| Preoperative planning | Vol_6_107 | ||
| Fracture reduction | Vol_6_107 | ||
| Intraoperative imaging | Vol_6_108 | ||
| Fixation options | Vol_6_108 | ||
| Absolute versus relative stability | Vol_6_108 | ||
| Interfragmentary compression | Vol_6_108 | ||
| Kirschner wires | Vol_6_108 | ||
| Tension band constructs | Vol_6_109 | ||
| External fixation | Vol_6_110 | ||
| Interfragmentary lag screws | Vol_6_111 | ||
| Compression plating | Vol_6_112 | ||
| Bridge plating | Vol_6_113 | ||
| Locked plating | Vol_6_115 | ||
| Postoperative care | Vol_6_115 | ||
| Summary | Vol_6_115 | ||
| References | Vol_6_116 | ||
| References | Vol_6_116.e1 | ||
| II Acquired Traumatic Disorders | Vol_6_117 | ||
| 6 Nail and fingertip reconstruction | Vol_6_117 | ||
| Introduction | Vol_6_117 | ||
| Basic science/disease process | Vol_6_117 | ||
| Anatomy | Vol_6_117 | ||
| Vascularity | Vol_6_117 | ||
| Nerve supply | Vol_6_118 | ||
| Physiology | Vol_6_118 | ||
| Function | Vol_6_119 | ||
| Acute injury | Vol_6_119 | ||
| Epidemiology | Vol_6_119 | ||
| Subungual hematoma | Vol_6_119 | ||
| Treatment/surgical technique | Vol_6_119 | ||
| Lacerations | Vol_6_119 |