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Book Details
Abstract
In the 4th edition of Endovascular Surgery, Drs. Wesley S. Moore, Samuel S. Ahn, and a host of experts guide you through the latest developments in this innovative field. New procedures and special features, such as key points and case reviews, help illustrate effective patient care, and new topics such as endoscopic management of aneurismal disease and traumatic injuries review with you the latest endovascular surgical techniques.
- Review basic principles and new techniques, and follow a practical, problem-solving approach to help address challenging areas.
- Gain greater detail and depth than other current texts, as well as fresh perspectives with contributions from new authors.
- Broaden your surgical skills with new chapters on endoscopic management of aneurismal disease and traumatic injuries, and review a valuable new section covering the TIPS Procedure for Portal Hypertension, Anesthetic Management for Endovascular Procedures, the Use of Coil Embolization in Endovascular Surgery, and more.
- See case presentations from the author’s own review course to help you apply key information to real clinical situations.
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Front Cover\r | Cover | ||
| ENDOVASCULAR SURGERY | iii | ||
| Copyright\r | iv | ||
| Contributors | v | ||
| Preface | xv | ||
| Contents | xvii | ||
| Section I General Principles\r | 1 | ||
| Chapter 1 The Concept of Endovascular Surgery | 3 | ||
| References | 4 | ||
| Chapter 2 Preparing the Endovascular Operating Room Suite | 5 | ||
| THE ENDOVASCULAR OPERATING ROOM | 5 | ||
| IMAGE ACQUISITION AND DISPLAY | 10 | ||
| ANCILLARY EQUIPMENT | 11 | ||
| STOCKING THE ENDOVASCULAR OPERATING ROOM | 13 | ||
| ENDOVASCULAR SUITE PERSONNEL | 18 | ||
| COST CONSIDERATIONS | 18 | ||
| CONCLUSION | 19 | ||
| References | 19 | ||
| Chapter 3 Training and Credentialing | 21 | ||
| ENDOVASCULAR PHYSICIANS | 21 | ||
| NATIONAL GUIDELINES FOR PHYSICIAN CREDENTIALING | 22 | ||
| SPECIALTY GUIDELINES FOR PHYSICIAN CREDENTIALING | 22 | ||
| CREDENTIALING DOCUMENTS FOR GENERAL PERIPHERAL INTERVENTIONS | 23 | ||
| CREDENTIALING DOCUMENTS FOR SPECIFIC PERIPHERAL INTERVENTIONS | 24 | ||
| References | 26 | ||
| Chapter 4 Radiation Physics and Radiation Safety | 27 | ||
| CELLULAR EFFECTS | 27 | ||
| SOMATIC EFFECTS | 29 | ||
| OTHER SOMATIC EFFECTS | 33 | ||
| GENETIC EFFECTS | 34 | ||
| OTHER SOURCES OF RADIATION | 34 | ||
| MEDICAL USE OF RADIATION | 36 | ||
| RECOMMENDATIONS | 36 | ||
| RADIATION SAFETY LIMITS | 37 | ||
| DOSE LIMITS | 37 | ||
| PERSONNEL MONITORING | 38 | ||
| LIMITS FOR X-RAY EQUIPMENT | 38 | ||
| SHIELDING DESIGNS | 38 | ||
| PRACTICAL ISSUES IN RADIATION SAFETY | 38 | ||
| CONCLUSION | 39 | ||
| Chapter 5 Reducing Radiation Exposure During Endovascular Procedures | 41 | ||
| BIOLOGIC EFFECTS OF RADIATION | 41 | ||
| UNITS OF MEASUREMENT | 41 | ||
| ROLE OF EXPERIENCE | 41 | ||
| SPECIFIC RECOMMENDATIONS | 42 | ||
| SUMMARY | 46 | ||
| References | 46 | ||
| Chapter 6 Arterial Access | 49 | ||
| SELECTING THE ACCESS SITE | 49 | ||
| THE SELDINGER TECHNIQUE | 50 | ||
| GUIDEWIRES AND SHEATHS | 51 | ||
| FOUR ESSENTIAL TECHNIQUES | 53 | ||
| Antegrade Femoral Puncture | 53 | ||
| COMPLICATIONS | 57 | ||
| COMMENT | 57 | ||
| Chapter 7 Guidewires, Catheters, and Sheaths | 59 | ||
| GUIDEWIRES | 59 | ||
| EMBOLIC PROTECTION WIRES | 61 | ||
| CATHETERS | 63 | ||
| SHEATHS | 66 | ||
| SUMMARY | 69 | ||
| Online References | 69 | ||
| Bibliography | 69 | ||
| Chapter 8 Balloon Angioplasty Catheters | 71 | ||
| STRUCTURE OF BALLOON ANGIOPLASTY CATHETERS | 71 | ||
| FUNCTION OF BALLOON ANGIOPLASTY CATHETERS | 72 | ||
| MECHANISM OF REVASCULARIZATION WITH BALLOON ANGIOPLASTY | 73 | ||
| MECHANISM OF BALLOON DILATATION | 73 | ||
| THE PERFECT ANGIOPLASTY CATHETER | 73 | ||
| CURRENT PRACTICE OF BALLOON ANGIOPLASTY | 74 | ||
| ADDITIONAL BALLOON ANGIOPLASTY MODALITIES | 75 | ||
| TECHNIQUE OF BALLOON ANGIOPLASTY | 75 | ||
| References | 79 | ||
| Chapter 9 Peripheral Atherectomy | 81 | ||
| HISTORY | 81 | ||
| ATHERECTOMY DEVICES | 81 | ||
| INDICATIONS | 81 | ||
| SILVERHAWK PLAQUE EXCISION SYSTEM | 82 | ||
| DIAMONDBACK 360 ORBITAL ATHERECTOMY SYSTEM | 85 | ||
| CVX-300 EXCIMER LASER | 85 | ||
| PATHWAY PV ATHERECTOMY SYSTEM | 86 | ||
| CONCLUSION | 87 | ||
| References | 87 | ||
| Chapter 10 Vascular Stents | 89 | ||
| STENT CLASSIFICATION | 89 | ||
| INDICATIONS FOR STENTS | 101 | ||
| CONTRAINDICATIONS | 101 | ||
| MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF VASCULAR STENTS | 102 | ||
| BIOLOGIC RESPONSE TO INTRAVASCULAR STENT PLACEMENT | 103 | ||
| STENT-RELATED COMPLICATIONS | 104 | ||
| CONCLUSION | 104 | ||
| References | 104 | ||
| Chapter 11 Laser Atherectomy | 107 | ||
| LASER PHYSICS | 107 | ||
| HISTORY OF LASERS IN VASCULAR MEDICINE | 108 | ||
| LASER-TISSUE INTERACTIONS AND THE XENON CHLORIDE EXCIMER LASER | 109 | ||
| CASE SELECTION | 110 | ||
| LASING TECHNIQUES | 110 | ||
| COMPLICATIONS | 112 | ||
| CURRENT LITERATURE | 112 | ||
| CURRENT LIMITATIONS, FUTURE APPLICATIONS | 113 | ||
| CONCLUSION | 113 | ||
| References | 114 | ||
| Chapter 12 Percutaneous Thrombectomy and Mechanical Thrombolysis Catheters | 117 | ||
| HISTORY OF THROMBECTOMY DEVICES | 117 | ||
| CLASSIFICATION OF PERCUTANEOUS MECHANICAL THROMBECTOMY DEVICES | 118 | ||
| PULL-BACK THROMBECTOMY AND TRAPPING CATHETERS | 118 | ||
| RECIRCULATION MECHANICAL THROMBECTOMY CATHETERS | 119 | ||
| NONRECIRCULATION MECHANICAL THROMBECTOMY CATHETERS | 123 | ||
| ULTRASONIC ENERGY SYSTEMS | 125 | ||
| CONCLUSION | 126 | ||
| References | 126 | ||
| Chapter 13 Principles of Thrombolysis | 129 | ||
| THROMBOLYTIC THERAPY | 130 | ||
| CLASSIFICATION OF THROMBOLYTIC AGENTS | 130 | ||
| CLINICAL TRIAL DATA | 133 | ||
| COMPLICATIONS OF REGIONAL LYTIC THERAPY | 133 | ||
| PATIENT MANAGEMENT AND TECHNICAL CONSIDERATIONS | 134 | ||
| References | 136 | ||
| Chapter 14 Arterial Closure Devices | 139 | ||
| MANUAL COMPRESSION VERSUS ARTERIAL CLOSURE DEVICE | 139 | ||
| ARTERIAL CLOSURE DEVICES | 140 | ||
| CONCLUSION | 147 | ||
| References | 147 | ||
| Section II Imaging\r | 149 | ||
| Chapter 15 Duplex Ultrasonography | 151 | ||
| EXAMINATIONS | 151 | ||
| APPLICATIONS | 152 | ||
| NEW DIRECTIONS | 154 | ||
| References | 154 | ||
| Chapter 16 Vascular Laboratory Surveillance After Arterial Intervention | 157 | ||
| SURVEILLANCE AFTER LOWER-LIMB ENDOVASCULAR INTERVENTION | 161 | ||
| References | 164 | ||
| Chapter 17 Computed Tomographic Scanning | 165 | ||
| TECHNICAL CONSIDERATIONS | 166 | ||
| CLINICAL CONSIDERATIONS | 169 | ||
| IMAGING PROTOCOLS | 176 | ||
| MAGNETIC RESONANCE ANGIOGRAPHY | 177 | ||
| SUMMARY | 177 | ||
| Acknowledgments | 177 | ||
| References | 177 | ||
| Chapter 18 Computed Tomographic Angiography in Peripheral Arterial Occlusive Disease | 179 | ||
| HISTORY | 180 | ||
| TECHNICAL NOTES | 181 | ||
| CAPABILITIES OF MULTIDETECTOR SCANNERS | 181 | ||
| ACQUISITION PROTOCOLS | 182 | ||
| VIEWING | 183 | ||
| COMPARISONS BETWEEN MODALITIES | 189 | ||
| OTHER ISSUES | 193 | ||
| CONCLUSION | 193 | ||
| References | 193 | ||
| Chapter 19 Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Angiography | 195 | ||
| MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING TECHNIQUE | 195 | ||
| MAGNETIC RESONANCE ANGIOGRAPHY AND MAGNETIC RESONANCE VENOGRAPHY | 195 | ||
| CLINICAL APPLICATIONS OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE ANGIOGRAPHY | 196 | ||
| LIMITATIONS OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE | 201 | ||
| CONTRAINDICATIONS TO MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING | 203 | ||
| NEW ADVANCES IN MAGNETIC RESONANCE TECHNOLOGY | 204 | ||
| SUMMARY | 205 | ||
| References | 205 | ||
| Chapter 20 Angiography | 209 | ||
| ALTERNATIVES TO STANDARD CONTRAST ARTERIOGRAPHY | 209 | ||
| CONTRAST ANGIOGRAPHY IN PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASE | 210 | ||
| RADIATION SAFETY | 223 | ||
| FIXED VERSUS PORTABLE EQUIPMENT | 223 | ||
| References | 224 | ||
| Chapter 21 Intravascular Ultrasound | 227 | ||
| IVUS IMAGING SYSTEMS | 227 | ||
| CATHETER TECHNIQUES | 228 | ||
| IMAGE INTERPRETATION | 229 | ||
| APPLICATION IN ENDOVASCULAR INTERVENTIONS | 230 | ||
| References | 238 | ||
| Chapter 22 Duplex-Guided Infrainguinal Interventions | 239 | ||
| INFRAINGUINAL ARTERIAL ANGIOPLASTIES | 239 | ||
| DUPLEX –GUIDED ANGIOPLASTY OF INFRAINGUINAL ARTERIAL BYPASS GRAFTS | 242 | ||
| DUPLEX-GUIDED ANGIOPLASTY OF FAILING OR NONMATURING ARTERIOVENOUS FISTULAS | 244 | ||
| DUPLEX-ASSISTED INTERNAL CAROTID ARTERY ANGIOPLASTY | 246 | ||
| CONCLUSION | 248 | ||
| References | 248 | ||
| Section III Aortoiliac Arterial Occlusive Disease\r | 251 | ||
| Chapter 23 Thrombolysis in Aortoiliac Arterial Occlusive Disease | 253 | ||
| BRIEF HISTORY OF THROMBOLYSIS | 253 | ||
| THE MECHANISM OF THROMBOLYSIS | 253 | ||
| THROMBOLYTIC AGENTS | 254 | ||
| INDICATIONS FOR THROMBOLYSIS IN THE AORTOILIAC SEGMENT | 254 | ||
| PATIENT MANAGEMENT | 255 | ||
| TECHNIQUES FOR ADMINSTERING LYTIC AGENTS | 255 | ||
| PATIENT MONITORING | 256 | ||
| ILLUSTRATIVE CASE EXAMPLES | 256 | ||
| DISCUSSION | 256 | ||
| CONCLUSION | 258 | ||
| References | 259 | ||
| Chapter 24 Balloon Angioplasty in Aortoiliac Arterial Occlusive Disease | 261 | ||
| INDICATIONS | 261 | ||
| ASSESSMENT | 262 | ||
| TECHNIQUE | 263 | ||
| PATHOPHYSIOLOGY AND GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF BALLOON ANGIOPLASTY | 264 | ||
| OUTCOMES | 265 | ||
| OTHER ANGIOPLASTY-RELATED TECHNIQUES | 267 | ||
| COMPLICATIONS | 267 | ||
| CONCLUSION | 268 | ||
| References | 268 | ||
| Chapter 25 Intravascular Stenting in Aortoiliac Arterial Occlusive Disease | 271 | ||
| INDICATIONS | 272 | ||
| TECHNIQUE AND STENT SELECTION | 273 | ||
| VESSEL REACTION TO STENTING | 276 | ||
| OUTCOMES | 277 | ||
| IN-STENT RESTENOSIS | 278 | ||
| MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING COMPATIBILITY | 278 | ||
| SPECIAL CIRCUMSTANCES | 279 | ||
| COMPLICATIONS | 279 | ||
| CONCLUSION | 281 | ||
| References | 281 | ||
| Chapter 26 Endovascular Grafting in Aortoiliac Arterial Occlusive Disease | 285 | ||
| STENT GRAFTS: HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVES AND DEVICES | 285 | ||
| METHODS | 286 | ||
| RESULTS | 287 | ||
| THE USE OF STENT GRAFTS AS CONDUITS FOR ENDOVASCULAR ANEURYSM REPAIR | 288 | ||
| SUMMARY | 290 | ||
| References | 290 | ||
| Chapter 27 Complications Associated With Endovascular Management of Aortoiliac Arterial Occlusive Disease | 293 | ||
| ARTERIAL WALL DISSECTION | 293 | ||
| ACUTE ARTERIAL THROMBOSIS | 294 | ||
| DISTAL ARTERIAL EMBOLIZATION | 294 | ||
| ARTERIAL PERFORATION | 295 | ||
| INFECTION | 296 | ||
| OTHER ASSOCIATED COMPLICATIONS | 297 | ||
| CONCLUSION | 297 | ||
| References | 297 | ||
| Section IV Infrainguinal Arterial Occlusive Disease\r | 299 | ||
| Chapter 28 Balloon Angioplasty and Stenting for Femoral-Popliteal Occlusive Disease | 301 | ||
| ROLE OF ENDOVASCULAR THERAPY | 301 | ||
| EVALUATION OF PATIENTS WITH FEMOROPOPLITEAL OCCLUSIVE DISEASE | 302 | ||
| TECHNIQUE OF SUPERFICIAL FEMORAL ARTERY ANGIOPLASTY AND STENTING | 302 | ||
| OUTCOMES AFTER BALLOON ANGIOPLASTY AND STENTING | 305 | ||
| CONCLUSION | 307 | ||
| References | 307 | ||
| Chapter 29 Peripheral Arterial Atherectomy for Infrainguinal Arterial Occlusive Disease | 309 | ||
| ENDOVASCULAR PROCEDURES FOR FEMOROPOPLITEAL AND INFRAPOPLITEAL DISEASE | 309 | ||
| PERIPHERAL ARTERIAL ATHERECTOMY | 310 | ||
| CURRENT ATHERECTOMY METHODS | 312 | ||
| CONCLUSION | 316 | ||
| References | 316 | ||
| Chapter 30 Endarterectomy in Infrainguinal Arterial Occlusive Disease | 319 | ||
| REMOTE ENDARTERECTOMY | 319 | ||
| SURVEILLANCE AND MEDICATION | 321 | ||
| FUTURE PERSPECTIVES | 322 | ||
| SUMMARY | 322 | ||
| References | 322 | ||
| Chapter 31 Stent Grafting for Infrainguinal Arterial Occlusive Disease | 325 | ||
| RATIONALE AND IMPORTANT CONSIDERATIONS REGARDING STENT GRAFT USE | 325 | ||
| TECHNIQUE OF INFRAINGUINAL STENT GRAFTING | 326 | ||
| RESULTS OF INFRAINGUINAL STENT GRAFTING FOR OCCLUSIVE DISEASE | 328 | ||
| CONCLUSION | 331 | ||
| References | 331 | ||
| Chapter 32 Endovascular Management of Infrapopliteal Occlusive Disease | 333 | ||
| APPROACHES FOR TREATMENT OF INFRAPOPLITEAL ARTERIAL OCCLUSIVE DISEASE | 334 | ||
| TREATMENT OUTCOMES: OPEN BYPASS VERSUS ENDOVASCULAR THERAPY | 334 | ||
| PATIENT SELECTION AND TECHNICAL CONSIDERATIONS | 336 | ||
| References | 340 | ||
| Chapter 33 Complications and Their Management After Endovascular Intervention in Infrainguinal Arterial Occlusive Disease | 341 | ||
| ACCESS COMPLICATIONS | 341 | ||
| COMPLICATIONS CROSSING LESIONS | 348 | ||
| COMPLICATIONS OF TREATING LESIONS | 348 | ||
| COMPLICATIONS OF STENT PLACEMENT | 350 | ||
| SYSTEMIC COMPLICATIONS | 352 | ||
| COMPLICATIONS AT CLOSURE | 353 | ||
| LATE COMPLICATIONS | 354 | ||
| References | 355 | ||
| Section V Visceral Arterial Occlusive Disease\r | 357 | ||
| Chapter 34 Endovascular Treatment of Renovascular Disease | 359 | ||
| NATURAL HISTORY | 359 | ||
| DIAGNOSIS | 359 | ||
| IMAGING STUDIES | 360 | ||
| ENDOVASCULAR MANAGEMENT | 361 | ||
| RESULTS | 363 | ||
| SUMMARY | 365 | ||
| References | 365 | ||
| Chapter 35 Mesenteric Syndromes | 367 | ||
| VASCULAR ANATOMY | 367 | ||
| FORMS OF MESENTERIC ISCHEMIA | 368 | ||
| DIAGNOSIS | 370 | ||
| ENDOVASCULAR THERAPY | 372 | ||
| OUTCOMES | 379 | ||
| FOLLOW-UP AND MONITORING | 381 | ||
| COMPARISON OF ENDOVASCULAR THERAPY AND OPEN REPAIR | 381 | ||
| CONCLUSION | 382 | ||
| References | 383 | ||
| Section VI Supra-Aortic Trunk Disorders\r | 385 | ||
| Chapter 36 Subclavian and Vertebral Arteries: Angioplasty and Stents | 387 | ||
| INDICATIONS FOR INTERVENTION | 387 | ||
| ENDOVASCULAR TREATMENT STRATEGY | 388 | ||
| ENDOVASCULAR RESULTS AND SURVEILLANCE | 390 | ||
| CONCLUSION | 391 | ||
| References | 391 | ||
| Chapter 37 Innominate and Common Carotid Arteries: Angioplasty and Stents | 393 | ||
| EVOLUTION OF THERAPY FOR LESIONS OF THE SUPRA-AORTIC TRUNK VESSELS | 393 | ||
| INNOMINATE ARTERY | 394 | ||
| COMMON CAROTID ARTERY | 400 | ||
| References | 402 | ||
| Chapter 38 Carotid Bifurcation Stented Balloon Angioplasty With Cerebral Protection | 405 | ||
| TECHNIQUE: CAROTID ANGIOPLASTY AND STENTING WITH DISTAL PROTECTION | 405 | ||
| CEREBRAL PROTECTION DEVICES | 411 | ||
| RESULTS OF CAROTID STENTING | 413 | ||
| CONCLUSION | 417 | ||
| References | 418 | ||
| Chapter 39 Complication Management in Carotid Stenting | 421 | ||
| SELECTING THE APPROPRIATE PATIENT FOR CAS | 421 | ||
| COMPLICATION MINIMIZATION AND MANAGEMENT | 422 | ||
| ILLUSTRATIVE CASE | 425 | ||
| SUMMARY | 429 | ||
| References | 429 | ||
| Section VII Vascular Graft Thrombosis\r | 431 | ||
| Chapter 40 Aortoiliac Graft Limb Occlusion: Thrombolysis, Mechanical Thrombectomy | 433 | ||
| PRESENTATION | 433 | ||
| TREATMENT | 434 | ||
| THROMBOLYSIS | 434 | ||
| PERCUTANEOUS MECHANICAL THROMBECTOMY | 435 | ||
| References | 437 | ||
| Chapter 41 Femoral-Popliteal-Tibial Graft Occlusion: Thrombolysis, Angioplasty, Atherectomy, and Stent | 439 | ||
| A ROLE FOR THROMBOLYSIS | 440 | ||
| A ROLE FOR ANGIOPLASTY | 441 | ||
| A ROLE FOR ATHERECTOMY | 442 | ||
| A ROLE FOR STENTING | 443 | ||
| SUMMARY | 443 | ||
| References | 444 | ||
| Chapter 42 Brachiocephalic Graft Occlusion | 447 | ||
| DIAGNOSIS | 447 | ||
| ENDOVASCULAR INTERVENTIONS | 448 | ||
| AUGMENTING MANEUVERS | 452 | ||
| RESULTS | 452 | ||
| References | 453 | ||
| Section VIII Aneurysmal Disease and Traumatic Injuries\r | 455 | ||
| Chapter 43 Endovascular Repair of Thoracic Aortic Aneurysms | 457 | ||
| DESCRIPTION OF DEVICES | 457 | ||
| PLANNING AND DEPLOYMENT | 460 | ||
| RESULTS | 462 | ||
| DISCUSSION | 465 | ||
| References | 465 | ||
| Chapter 44 Endovascular Repair of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm | 467 | ||
| BACKGROUND | 467 | ||
| ENDOGRAFT CONCEPTS | 468 | ||
| PATIENT SELECTION | 468 | ||
| GRAFT PLACEMENT | 470 | ||
| CURRENTLY APPROVED ENDOGRAFTS | 471 | ||
| COMPLICATIONS OF ENDOGRAFT REPAIR | 473 | ||
| ENDOLEAK | 474 | ||
| CONCLUSION | 476 | ||
| References | 476 | ||
| Chapter 45 Endovascular Repair of Ruptured Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms | 479 | ||
| OBSTACLES TO USE OF ENDOVASCULAR GRAFTS IN THE RUPTURED ANEURYSM SETTING | 479 | ||
| SUITABLE ENDOGRAFTS FOR ENDOVASCULAR REPAIR IN THE RUPTURED ABDOMINAL AORTIC ANEURYSM SETTING | 479 | ||
| EARLY EXPERIENCE WITH ENDOVASCULAR TREATMENT OF RUPTURED ABDOMINAL AORTIC ANEURYSMS | 480 | ||
| HYPOTHESIS REGARDING ENDOVASCULAR TREATMENT OF RUPTURED ABDOMINAL AORTIC ANEURYSMS AND CURRENT MANAGEMENT PLAN | 481 | ||
| CONTROL OF BLEEDING AND BLOOD PRESSURE: RESTRICTED RESUSCITATION, HYPOTENSIVE HEMOSTASIS, AND PROXIMAL BALLOON CONTROL | 481 | ||
| PROXIMAL BALLOON CONTROL | 482 | ||
| EXPERIENCE WITH ENDOVASCULAR TREATMENT OF RUPTURED ABDOMINAL AORTIC ANEURYSMS | 482 | ||
| COLLECTED WORLD EXPERIENCE WITH ENDOVASCULAR GRAFT TREATMENT OF RUPTURED ABDOMINAL AORTIC ANEURYSMS | 483 | ||
| ADVANTAGES OF ENDOVASCULAR TREATMENT OF RUPTURED ABDOMINAL AORTIC ANEURYSMS | 483 | ||
| DISCUSSION | 485 | ||
| References | 485 | ||
| Chapter 46 Iliac Artery Aneurysms | 487 | ||
| ETIOLOGY | 487 | ||
| PRESENTATION AND EVALUATION | 487 | ||
| TREATMENT | 488 | ||
| TREATMENT COMPLICATIONS | 491 | ||
| FUTURE DEVICES | 493 | ||
| CONCLUSION | 493 | ||
| References | 493 | ||
| Chapter 47 Endovascular Management of Anastomotic Aneurysms | 497 | ||
| INCIDENCE | 497 | ||
| NATURAL HISTORY | 497 | ||
| ETIOLOGY | 497 | ||
| TRADITIONAL OPERATIVE MANAGEMENT | 497 | ||
| ENDOVASCULAR TREATMENT | 498 | ||
| TECHNICAL CHALLENGES TO ENDOVASCULAR TECHNIQUES | 498 | ||
| Partial | 497 | ||
| Total | 497 | ||
| ENDOGRAFTS FOR FEMORAL ANASTOMOTIC ANEURYSMS | 502 | ||
| CONCLUSION | 503 | ||
| References | 504 | ||
| Chapter 48 Endovascular Treatment of Vascular Injuries | 505 | ||
| CAROTID ARTERY INJURIES | 506 | ||
| THORACIC AORTIC INJURIES | 506 | ||
| ABDOMINAL AND PELVIS INJURIES | 512 | ||
| UPPER-EXTREMITY INJURIES | 514 | ||
| LOWER-EXTREMITY INJURIES | 516 | ||
| CONCLUSION | 517 | ||
| References | 517 | ||
| Chapter 49 Endovascular Treatment of Visceral Artery Aneurysms | 521 | ||
| SPLENIC ARTERY ANEURYSM | 521 | ||
| HEPATIC ARTERY ANEURYSM | 523 | ||
| CELIAC ARTERY ANEURYSM | 524 | ||
| SUPERIOR MESENTERIC ARTERY ANEURYSM | 524 | ||
| GASTRODUODENAL/PANCREATICODUODENAL ARTERY ANEURYSMS | 524 | ||
| RENAL ARTERY ANEURYSMS | 525 | ||
| INFERIOR MESENTERIC ARTERY ANEURYSM | 525 | ||
| CONCLUSION | 526 | ||
| References | 526 | ||
| Chapter 50 Endovascular Management of Popliteal Aneurysms | 529 | ||
| ANATOMY, EPIDEMIOLOGY, AND NATURAL HISTORY | 529 | ||
| OPEN SURGICAL THERAPY: INDICATIONS AND RESULTS | 530 | ||
| CATHETER-DIRECTED THROMBOLYSIS | 530 | ||
| ENDOVASCULAR REPAIR OF POPLITEAL ANEURYSMS | 531 | ||
| POSTPROCEDURE MANAGEMENT | 533 | ||
| CONCLUSION | 533 | ||
| References | 533 | ||
| Chapter 51 Combined Endovascular and Surgical Approach to Thoracoabdominal Aortic Pathology | 535 | ||
| HISTORY | 535 | ||
| PATIENT SELECTION | 537 | ||
| PREOPERATIVE EVALUATION AND PREPARATION | 538 | ||
| SINGLE- VERSUS TWO-STAGE PROCEDURE | 539 | ||
| DEBRANCHING: EXTRA-ANATOMIC BYPASSES | 540 | ||
| COMPLICATIONS | 546 | ||
| LONG-TERM MANAGEMENT | 547 | ||
| RESULTS | 548 | ||
| CONCLUSION | 550 | ||
| References | 550 | ||
| Chapter 52 Endovascular Repair of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Using Fenestrated Grafts | 553 | ||
| EVOLUTION AND DESIGN | 553 | ||
| PLANNING AND SIZING | 554 | ||
| PERIOPERATIVE DETAIL | 554 | ||
| EVIDENCE AND EXPERIENCE | 556 | ||
| FUTURE DIRECTIONS | 558 | ||
| References | 558 | ||
| Chapter 53 Repair of Thoracoabdominal Aortic Aneurysms Using Branched Endografts | 559 | ||
| FENESTRATED BRANCHED STENT GRAFTS | 559 | ||
| CUFFED BRANCHED STENT GRAFTS | 560 | ||
| STAGED REPAIR | 562 | ||
| MEASURES TO PREVENT PARAPLEGIA | 563 | ||
| PATIENT SELECTION | 564 | ||
| CONCLUSION | 565 | ||
| References | 565 | ||
| Chapter 54 Endovascular Repair of Acute and Chronic Thoracic Aortic Dissections | 567 | ||
| CLASSIFICATION | 567 | ||
| NATURAL HISTORY AND CONVENTIONAL MANAGEMENT | 568 | ||
| CURRENT INDICATIONS FOR INVASIVE MANAGEMENT OF DESCENDING AORTIC DISSECTIONS | 569 | ||
| PRINCIPLES OF ENDOGRAFT TREATMENT | 570 | ||
| TECHNICAL ASPECTS | 571 | ||
| COMPLICATIONS | 575 | ||
| AUTHOR’S PERSPECTIVE: DISSECTIONS ARE NOT ANEURYSMS | 576 | ||
| CONCLUSION | 578 | ||
| References | 578 | ||
| Chapter 55 Endovascular Repair of Aortic Arch Aneurysm Using Supra-Aortic Trunk Debranching | 579 | ||
| OPEN SURGERY | 579 | ||
| DEVELOPMENT OF ENDOGRAFTS FOR THE THORACIC AORTA | 580 | ||
| ANATOMIC LANDING ZONES | 580 | ||
| HYBRID SURGICAL TECHNIQUES | 580 | ||
| CASE ILLUSTRATIONS | 582 | ||
| INSTITUTIONAL EXPERIENCE WITH THORACIC DEBRANCHING | 583 | ||
| DISCUSSION | 583 | ||
| FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS IN AORTIC ARCH ENDOGRAFTING | 584 | ||
| CONCLUSION | 585 | ||
| References | 585 | ||
| Chapter 56 Management of Complications After Endovascular Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Repair | 587 | ||
| ENDOVASCULAR ANEURYSM REPAIR COMPLICATIONS | 587 | ||
| CONCLUSION | 596 | ||
| References | 596 | ||
| Section IX Dialysis Access Salvage\r | 599 | ||
| Chapter 57 Duplex Ultrasound Surveillance of Dialysis Access Function | 601 | ||
| ACCESS SURVEILLANCE METHODS | 602 | ||
| APPLICATION OF DUPLEX SURVEILLANCE | 609 | ||
| References | 611 | ||
| Chapter 58 Percutaneous Thrombectomy Devices in Thrombosed Dialysis Access | 613 | ||
| SUGGESTIONS | 615 | ||
| DEVICES | 616 | ||
| TECHNIQUE | 618 | ||
| COMPLICATIONS | 621 | ||
| COMMENTS | 621 | ||
| References | 622 | ||
| Chapter 59 Thrombolysis in Dialysis Access Salvage | 625 | ||
| CONTRAINDICATIONS | 625 | ||
| TECHNIQUE | 625 | ||
| SYNTHETIC GRAFTS | 625 | ||
| POSTPROCEDURE MANAGEMENT | 627 | ||
| COMPLICATIONS | 627 | ||
| RESULTS | 627 | ||
| References | 627 | ||
| Chapter 60 Clinical Decision Making and Hemodialysis Graft Thrombosis | 629 | ||
| DIALYSIS ACCESS FAILURE | 629 | ||
| PRESENTATIONS AND CLINICAL CONSIDERATIONS | 630 | ||
| GOALS OF ENDOVASCULAR THERAPY FOR OCCLUDED ARTERIOVENOUS ACCESS | 632 | ||
| CLINICAL OUTCOMES: ENDOVASCULAR DIALYSIS INTERVENTIONS | 635 | ||
| FUTURE DIRECTIONS | 638 | ||
| Angioplasty and Covered Stent | 638 | ||
| SUMMARY | 638 | ||
| References | 638 | ||
| Chapter 61 Central Venous Catheter Malfunction | 641 | ||
| MODALITIES OF FAILURE | 641 | ||
| CAUSES OF CATHETER MALFUNCTION | 641 | ||
| CATHETER POSITION | 642 | ||
| CATHETER THROMBOSIS | 644 | ||
| SUMMARY | 648 | ||
| References | 648 | ||
| Section X Venous Disease\r | 651 | ||
| Chapter 62 Catheter-Directed Thrombolysis for Lower-Extremity Acute Deep Venous Thrombosis | 653 | ||
| POSTTHROMBOTIC MORBIDITY | 653 | ||
| CURRENT RATIONALE FOR CATHETER-DIRECTED THROMBOLYTIC THERAPY | 654 | ||
| CATHETER-DIRECTED THROMBOLYSIS | 655 | ||
| PHARMACOMECHANICAL THROMBOLYSIS | 658 | ||
| SUMMARY | 661 | ||
| References | 661 | ||
| Chapter 63 Inferior Vena Cava Filter Placement | 663 | ||
| PRIMARY INDICATIONS FOR INFERIOR VENA CAVA FILTER | 663 | ||
| THE EVOLUTION OF CAVAL INTERRUPTION | 663 | ||
| INTRALUMINAL FILTERS IN USE TODAY | 664 | ||
| TECHNIQUE | 666 | ||
| AFTER THE PROCEDURE | 667 | ||
| CONCLUSION | 667 | ||
| References | 668 | ||
| Chapter 64 Pulmonary Thrombolysis | 669 | ||
| NATURAL HISTORY OF PULMONARY EMBOLISM | 669 | ||
| EARLY CLINICAL TRIALS | 670 | ||
| LONG-TERM FOLLOW-UP | 670 | ||
| CONTEMPORARY TRIALS OF THROMBOLYTIC THERAPY FOR PULMONARY EMBOLISM | 670 | ||
| SUMMARY | 675 | ||
| References | 676 | ||
| Chapter 65 Axillosubclavian Vein Thrombectomy, Thrombolysis, and Angioplasty | 679 | ||
| PAGET-SCHROETTER SYNDROME | 679 | ||
| SECONDARY AXILLOSUBCLAVIAN VEIN THROMBOSIS | 682 | ||
| References | 685 | ||
| Chapter 66 Catheter-Directed Therapy of Superior Vena Cava Syndrome | 687 | ||
| THERAPEUTIC OPTIONS FOR SUPERIOR VENA CAVA SYNDROME | 687 | ||
| RESULTS OF ENDOVASCULAR INTERVENTION | 688 | ||
| TECHNICAL CONSIDERATIONS FOR ENDOVASCULAR THERAPY | 689 | ||
| SUMMARY | 692 | ||
| References | 693 | ||
| Chapter 67 Iliofemoral and Inferior Vena Cava Stenting in Chronic Venous Insufficiency | 695 | ||
| PATHOLOGY OF ILIAC VEIN OBSTRUCTION | 695 | ||
| INDICATIONS FOR INTRAVENOUS ULTRASOUND AND STENT PLACEMENT | 697 | ||
| CLINICAL ASSESSMENT | 698 | ||
| DIAGNOSIS | 698 | ||
| TECHNIQUE OF ILIAC VEIN STENTING | 699 | ||
| RECANALIZATION OF OCCLUDED ILIOCAVAL VEINS | 701 | ||
| SPECIAL TECHNIQUES | 703 | ||
| POSTOPERATIVE ANTICOAGULATION AND STENT SURVEILLANCE | 703 | ||
| OUTCOME | 703 | ||
| OBSTRUCTIONS OF THE INFERIOR VENA CAVA | 705 | ||
| References | 706 | ||
| Chapter 68 Endovascular Ablation of Veins | 707 | ||
| RADIOFREQUENCY ABLATION | 707 | ||
| RADIOFREQUENCY ABLATION OF THE GREAT SAPHENOUS VEIN | 708 | ||
| RADIOFREQUENCY ABLATION OF THE LESSER SAPHENOUS AND PERFORATOR VEINS | 709 | ||
| ENDOVENOUS LASER ABLATION | 710 | ||
| TECHNIQUE OF ENDOVENOUS LASER THERAPY | 710 | ||
| OUTCOMES OF ENDOLUMINAL THERAPY | 711 | ||
| ENDOLUMINAL VERSUS SURGICAL THERAPY | 711 | ||
| COMPARING ENDOVENOUS LASER THERAPY AND RADIOFREQUENCY ABLATION | 711 | ||
| CONCLUSION | 712 | ||
| References | 713 | ||
| Chapter 69 Endoscopic and Percutaneous Techniques for Treatment of Incompetent Perforators | 715 | ||
| SURGICAL ANATOMY | 715 | ||
| RATIONALE FOR TREATMENT | 717 | ||
| PREOPERATIVE EVALUATION | 718 | ||
| TREATMENT OPTIONS | 718 | ||
| CONCLUSION | 723 | ||
| References | 723 | ||
| Section XI Endoscopic Vascular Surgery\r | 725 | ||
| Chapter 70 Thoracoscopic Dorsal Sympathectomy | 727 | ||
| PREOPERATIVE EVALUATION | 727 | ||
| SURGICAL TECHNIQUES | 727 | ||
| POSTOPERATIVE CARE | 729 | ||
| COMPLICATIONS | 729 | ||
| RESULTS | 731 | ||
| SUMMARY | 734 | ||
| References | 734 | ||
| Chapter 71 Laparoscopic Aortic Surgery | 737 | ||
| LAPAROSCOPIC LIGATION OF LUMBAR AND INFERIOR MESENTERIC ARTERIES AS A TREATMENT METHOD FOR TYPE II ENDOLEAK | 737 | ||
| LAPAROSCOPY-ASSISTED AORTOILIAC SURGERY | 739 | ||
| TOTALLY LAPAROSCOPIC AORTOILIAC SURGERY | 739 | ||
| ROBOT-ASSISTED, TOTALLY LAPAROSCOPIC AORTOILIAC SURGERY | 740 | ||
| HYBRID PROCEDURES | 742 | ||
| REVIEW OF CLINICAL STUDIES REPORTING ON LAPAROSCOPIC SURGERY PERFORMED FOR AORTOILIAC DISEASE | 742 | ||
| DISCUSSION | 743 | ||
| References | 744 | ||
| Chapter 72 Endoscopic Vein Harvest | 745 | ||
| TECHNIQUES | 745 | ||
| RESULTS | 747 | ||
| COMPLICATIONS OF ENDOSCOPIC VEIN HARVEST | 748 | ||
| CONCLUSION | 749 | ||
| References | 749 | ||
| Section XII Miscellaneous Endovascular Techniques\r | 751 | ||
| Chapter 73 The Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt Procedure for Portal Hypertension | 753 | ||
| INDICATIONS | 753 | ||
| CONTRAINDICATION | 754 | ||
| PREPROCEDURE WORKUP | 754 | ||
| TECHNIQUE FOR TRANSJUGULAR INTRAHEPATIC PORTOSYSTEMIC SHUNT | 755 | ||
| POSTPROCEDURE CARE AND FOLLOW-UP | 757 | ||
| TRANSJUGULAR INTRAHEPATIC PORTOSYSTEMIC SHUNT STENOSIS/THROMBOSIS | 757 | ||
| COMPLICATIONS | 757 | ||
| CONCLUSION | 758 | ||
| References | 758 | ||
| Chapter 74 Anesthetic Management for Endovascular Procedures | 761 | ||
| HEMODYNAMICS | 761 | ||
| CARDIAC | 762 | ||
| THORACIC | 763 | ||
| RENAL | 764 | ||
| PRIOR ANESTHETICS | 765 | ||
| ALLERGIES (PARTICULARLY CONTRAST-INDUCED) | 765 | ||
| PREOPERATIVE MEDICATIONS | 765 | ||
| ANESTHETIC OPTIONS | 766 | ||
| MENTAL FUNCTION | 767 | ||
| References | 767 | ||
| Chapter 75 The Use of Embolization Techniques in Endovascular Surgery | 769 | ||
| EMBOLIC MATERIALS | 769 | ||
| TECHNICAL ISSUES IN EMBOLIZATION PROCEDURES | 771 | ||
| EMBOLIZATION OF SPECIFIC LESIONS IN THE PERIPHERAL VASCULATURE | 772 | ||
| CONCLUSION | 778 | ||
| References | 778 | ||
| Chapter 76 Cell Therapy Strategies to Treat Chronic Limb-Threatening Ischemia | 779 | ||
| The Progenitor Cell | 779 | ||
| Neovascularization | 779 | ||
| The Influence of Age and Disease | 780 | ||
| Angiogenesis Strategies | 780 | ||
| Boosting the Circulating Progenitor Cell Population: Ischemic Limb Animal Data | 783 | ||
| Boosting the Circulating Progenitor Cell Population: Ischemic Limb Clinical Trials | 784 | ||
| Conclusion | 794 | ||
| REFERENCES | 795 | ||
| Chapter 77 Billing and Coding in an Endovascular Practice | 799 | ||
| DIAGNOSIS CODING | 799 | ||
| PROCEDURAL CODING | 799 | ||
| CATHETER MANIPULATION | 800 | ||
| IMAGING | 801 | ||
| ENDOVASCULAR INTERVENTION | 802 | ||
| INTERVENTIONAL CODING DESCRIPTIONS | 802 | ||
| ADDITIONAL BILLING ISSUES | 804 | ||
| SUMMARY | 805 | ||
| References | 805 | ||
| Chapter 78 Pharmacologic Adjuncts to Endovascular Procedures | 807 | ||
| ANTIPLATELET DRUGS | 807 | ||
| ANTICOAGULANT DRUGS | 809 | ||
| VASODILATOR THERAPY | 811 | ||
| THROMBOLYTIC THERAPY | 811 | ||
| MANAGEMENT OF PATIENTS RECEIVING ANTIPLATELET DRUGS AND/OR ANTICOAGULATION BEFORE AN ENDOVASCULAR PROCEDURE | 811 | ||
| POSTPROCEDURE OPTIONS FOR ANTIPLATELET DRUGS AND ANTICOAGULATION | 813 | ||
| References | 813 | ||
| Index | 815 |