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Clinical Veterinary Advisor - E-Book

BOOK

Clinical Veterinary Advisor - E-Book

Etienne Cote

(2010)

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Additional Information

Book Details

ISBN
978-0-323-06876-5
Edition
2
Language
English
Pages
1784
Subjects
Medical study & revision guides & reference material
Veterinary medicine
Veterinary medicine: small animals (pets)

Abstract

No other quick reference comes close in covering the diagnosis and treatment of hundreds of diseases in dogs and cats. Etienne Cote's Clinical Veterinary Advisor: Dogs and Cats, 2nd Edition is like six books in one -- with concise topics within sections on diseases and disorders, procedures and techniques, differential diagnosis, laboratory tests, clinical algorithms, and a drug formulary. Revised from cover to cover, this edition includes dozens of new topics. It also includes free access to a fully searchable companion website featuring an electronic version of the text, all of the book's images, a searchable drug formulary, and 150 Client Education Sheets in both English and Spanish.

  • Section I: Diseases and Disorders provides at-a-glance coverage of nearly 800 common medical problems, arranged alphabetically for immediate access. Entries include a definition, synonyms, epidemiology, clinical presentation, etiology and pathophysiology, differential diagnosis, workup, treatment, prognosis and outcome, plus pearls and considerations. Concise descriptions simplify diagnosis and treatment.
  • Section II: Procedures and Techniques offers illustrated, step-by-step instructions for understanding and performing 111 important clinical procedures.
  • Section III: Differential Diagnosis displays nearly every possible cause for 260 different clinical disorders.
  • Section IV: Laboratory Tests summarizes essential information needed for interpreting more than 150 lab tests.
  • Section V: Clinical Algorithms provides decision trees for the diagnostic and therapeutic decision-making processes involved in managing 91 of the most common clinical conditions/disorders.
  • Section VI: Drug Formulary is a compilation of dosages and other relevant information for more than 300 new and current medications.
  • 410 illustrations and photographs depict disease processes and related concepts.
  • A companion website includes the complete text of the book in a fully searchable format, allowing quick access to information, and all of the book's images. It also includes 150 Client Education Sheets, each available in both English and Spanish.
  • Clinical guidance added to diseases and disorders chapters helps you select appropriate tests and treatments for each case.
  • 50 new client "how-to" handouts are added for a total of 150 client education sheets, helping to improve outcomes by informing clients.
  • Technician Tips are inserted throughout nearly 800 diseases and disorders, providing specialized information for veterinary technicians.
  • Enhanced electronic image collection on the companion website includes color images and additional figures not found in the text.

Table of Contents

Section Title Page Action Price
Front cover i
Title page ii
Copyright page iii
CONTRIBUTORS vi
PREFACE xxii
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS xxiv
CONTENTS xxvi
SECTION I 1
TREATMENT 3
BASIC INFORMATION 2
DIAGNOSIS 2
TREATMENT 2
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 2
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 2
SUGGESTED READING 2
BASIC INFORMATION 3
DIAGNOSIS 3
5-Fluorouracil Toxicosis 3
BASIC INFORMATION 4
Abdominal Compartment Syndrome 4
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 4
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 4
SUGGESTED READING 4
DIAGNOSIS 5
TREATMENT 5
BASIC INFORMATION 6
Aberrant Adrenocortical Disease (Increased Adrenal Sex Hormone Production) 6
DIAGNOSIS 6
Abdominal Distention 6
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 6
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 6
SUGGESTED READING 6
BASIC INFORMATION 7
Abortion, Dog 7
TREATMENT 7
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 7
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 7
SUGGESTED READING 7
DIAGNOSIS 8
TREATMENT 9
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 9
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 9
SUGGESTED READING 9
BASIC INFORMATION 10
Abscess, Apical (Tooth Root) 10
DIAGNOSIS 10
BASIC INFORMATION 11
Abscess, Cat Bite 11
TREATMENT 11
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 11
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 11
SUGGESTED READING 11
DIAGNOSIS 12
TREATMENT 12
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 12
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 12
SUGGESTED READING 12
BASIC INFORMATION 13
Abscess, Lung 13
DIAGNOSIS 13
BASIC INFORMATION 14
Abscess, Retropharyngeal 14
TREATMENT 14
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 14
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 14
SUGGESTED READING 14
DIAGNOSIS 15
TREATMENT 15
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 15
BASIC INFORMATION 16
Acetaminophen Toxicosis 16
DIAGNOSIS 16
Abuse 16
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 16
SUGGESTED READING 16
TREATMENT 17
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 17
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 17
SUGGESTED READING 17
BASIC INFORMATION 18
DIAGNOSIS 18
Achilles Tendon Injury 18
TREATMENT 18
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 18
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 18
SUGGESTED READING 18
BASIC INFORMATION 19
Acid or Alkali (Corrosives) Toxicosis 19
DIAGNOSIS 19
TREATMENT 19
BASIC INFORMATION 20
Acne 20
Acidosis 20
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 20
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 20
SUGGESTED READING 20
DIAGNOSIS 21
TREATMENT 21
BASIC INFORMATION 22
Acral Lick Dermatitis 22
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 22
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 22
SUGGESTED READING 22
DIAGNOSIS 23
TREATMENT 23
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 23
BASIC INFORMATION 24
Acromegaly 24
DIAGNOSIS 24
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 24
SUGGESTED READING 24
TREATMENT 25
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 25
SUGGESTED READING 25
BASIC INFORMATION 26
Actinomycosis and Nocardiosis 26
DIAGNOSIS 26
TREATMENT 27
BASIC INFORMATION 28
Acute Abdomen 28
DIAGNOSIS 28
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 28
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 28
SUGGESTED READING 28
TREATMENT 29
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 29
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 29
SUGGESTED READING 29
BASIC INFORMATION 30
Acute Moist Dermatitis 30
DIAGNOSIS 30
TREATMENT 30
BASIC INFORMATION 31
Acute Renal Failure 31
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 31
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 31
SUGGESTED READING 31
DIAGNOSIS 32
TREATMENT 32
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 33
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 33
BASIC INFORMATION 34
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome 34
DIAGNOSIS 34
SUGGESTED READING 34
TREATMENT 35
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 35
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 35
SUGGESTED READING 35
BASIC INFORMATION 36
Adenocarcinoma, Anal Sac 36
DIAGNOSIS 36
Acute Tumor Lysis Syndrome 36
BASIC INFORMATION 37
Adenocarcinoma, Intestinal/Colonic 37
TREATMENT 37
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 37
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 37
SUGGESTED READING 37
DIAGNOSIS 38
TREATMENT 38
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 38
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 38
SUGGESTED READING 38
BASIC INFORMATION 39
Adenoma/Adenocarcinoma, Perianal 39
DIAGNOSIS 39
TREATMENT 39
BASIC INFORMATION 40
Adhesives and Glues Toxicosis 40
DIAGNOSIS 40
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 40
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 40
SUGGESTED READING 40
TREATMENT 41
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 41
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 41
SUGGESTED READING 41
BASIC INFORMATION 42
DIAGNOSIS 42
Adrenal Mass, Incidental 42
TREATMENT 42
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 42
BASIC INFORMATION 43
Adrenal Neoplasia 43
DIAGNOSIS 43
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 43
SUGGESTED READING 43
TREATMENT 44
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 44
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 44
SUGGESTED READING 44
BASIC INFORMATION 45
Adulterated Diets 45
TREATMENT 45
DIAGNOSIS 45
BASIC INFORMATION 46
Aggression, Cat 46
DIAGNOSIS 46
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 46
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 46
SUGGESTED READING 46
TREATMENT 47
BASIC INFORMATION 48
Aggression, Dog 48
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 48
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 48
SUGGESTED READING 48
DIAGNOSIS 49
TREATMENT 49
BASIC INFORMATION 50
Aggression Towards Veterinary Personnel 50
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 50
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 50
SUGGESTED READING 50
DIAGNOSIS 51
TREATMENT 51
BASIC INFORMATION 52
Alcohol Intoxication (Ethanol, Isopropyl Alcohol, and Methanol) 52
DIAGNOSIS 52
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 52
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 52
SUGGESTED READING 52
Alkalosis 53
BASIC INFORMATION 54
Alopecia, Canine 54
DIAGNOSIS 55
TREATMENT 55
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 55
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 55
SUGGESTED READING 55
BASIC INFORMATION 56
Alopecia, Feline 56
TREATMENT 57
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 57
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 57
DIAGNOSIS 57
BASIC INFORMATION 58
Alopecia X 58
DIAGNOSIS 58
SUGGESTED READING 58
BASIC INFORMATION 59
Amphetamine Toxicosis 59
TREATMENT 59
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 59
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 59
SUGGESTED READING 59
DIAGNOSIS 60
TREATMENT 60
BASIC INFORMATION 61
Amyloidosis 61
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 61
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 61
SUGGESTED READING 61
DIAGNOSIS 62
TREATMENT 62
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 62
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 62
BASIC INFORMATION 63
Anal Sac Diseases 63
DIAGNOSIS 63
TREATMENT 63
SUGGESTED READING 63
BASIC INFORMATION 64
Anaphylaxis 64
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 64
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 64
SUGGESTED READING 64
DIAGNOSIS 65
TREATMENT 65
BASIC INFORMATION 66
Anaplasmosis, Canine Granulocytic 66
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 66
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 66
SUGGESTED READING 66
DIAGNOSIS 67
TREATMENT 67
BASIC INFORMATION 68
Anemia, Aplastic 68
DIAGNOSIS 68
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 68
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 68
SUGGESTED READING 68
BASIC INFORMATION 69
Anemia Due to Blood Loss 69
TREATMENT 69
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 69
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 69
SUGGESTED READING 69
DIAGNOSIS 70
TREATMENT 70
BASIC INFORMATION 71
Anemia, Hemolytic 71
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 71
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 71
SUGGESTED READING 71
DIAGNOSIS 72
TREATMENT 72
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 72
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 72
BASIC INFORMATION 73
Anemia, Immune-Mediated Hemolytic 73
SUGGESTED READING 73
DIAGNOSIS 74
TREATMENT 74
BASIC INFORMATION 75
Anemia, Nonregenerative, and Pure Red Cell Aplasia 75
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 75
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 75
SUGGESTED READING 75
DIAGNOSIS 76
TREATMENT 76
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 76
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 76
BASIC INFORMATION 77
Anesthetic-Related Complications 77
DIAGNOSIS 77
SUGGESTED READING 77
BASIC INFORMATION 78
Angular Limb Deformities 78
TREATMENT 78
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 78
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 78
SUGGESTED READING 78
DIAGNOSIS 79
TREATMENT 79
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 79
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 79
SUGGESTED READING 79
BASIC INFORMATION 80
Anorexia 80
DIAGNOSIS 80
TREATMENT 80
BASIC INFORMATION 81
Antibiotic-Responsive Diarrhea 81
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 81
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 81
SUGGESTED READING 81
DIAGNOSIS 82
TREATMENT 82
BASIC INFORMATION 83
Anticoagulant Rodenticide Toxicosis 83
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 83
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 83
SUGGESTED READING 83
DIAGNOSIS 84
TREATMENT 84
BASIC INFORMATION 85
Antidepressant (Tricyclic) Drug Toxicosis 85
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 85
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 85
SUGGESTED READING 85
DIAGNOSIS 86
TREATMENT 86
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 86
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 86
BASIC INFORMATION 87
Antihistamines/Cold Medications Toxicosis 87
DIAGNOSIS 87
SUGGESTED READING 87
BASIC INFORMATION 88
Aortic Thromboembolism, Feline 88
TREATMENT 88
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 88
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 88
SUGGESTED READING 88
DIAGNOSIS 89
TREATMENT 89
BASIC INFORMATION 90
Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy, Dog 90
Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy, Cat 90
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 90
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 90
SUGGESTED READING 90
DIAGNOSIS 91
TREATMENT 92
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 92
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 92
SUGGESTED READING 92
BASIC INFORMATION 93
Ascites 93
DIAGNOSIS 93
Arteriovenous Fistula 93
Arsenic Toxicosis 93
TREATMENT 94
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 94
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 94
SUGGESTED READING 94
BASIC INFORMATION 95
Aseptic Necrosis of the Femoral Head 95
DIAGNOSIS 95
TREATMENT 95
BASIC INFORMATION 96
Aspergillosis 96
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 96
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 96
SUGGESTED READING 96
DIAGNOSIS 97
TREATMENT 97
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 97
BASIC INFORMATION 98
Asthma, Cat 98
DIAGNOSIS 98
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 98
SUGGESTED READING 98
TREATMENT 99
BASIC INFORMATION 100
Ataxia 100
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 100
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 100
SUGGESTED READING 100
DIAGNOSIS 101
BASIC INFORMATION 102
Atlantoaxial Subluxation 102
DIAGNOSIS 102
TREATMENT 102
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 102
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 102
SUGGESTED READING 102
TREATMENT 103
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 103
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 103
SUGGESTED READING 103
BASIC INFORMATION 104
Atonic or Hypotonic Urinary Bladder 104
DIAGNOSIS 104
TREATMENT 105
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 105
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 105
SUGGESTED READING 105
BASIC INFORMATION 106
Atopic Dermatitis 106
DIAGNOSIS 106
TREATMENT 107
BASIC INFORMATION 108
Atrial Fibrillation 108
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 108
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 108
SUGGESTED READING 108
DIAGNOSIS 109
TREATMENT 109
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 110
BASIC INFORMATION 111
Atrial Premature Complexes and Atrial Tachycardia 111
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 111
SUGGESTED READING 111
DIAGNOSIS 112
TREATMENT 112
BASIC INFORMATION 113
Atrial Septal Defect 113
Atrial Rupture 113
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 113
SUGGESTED READING 113
DIAGNOSIS 114
TREATMENT 114
BASIC INFORMATION 115
Atrial Standstill 115
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 115
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 115
SUGGESTED READING 115
DIAGNOSIS 116
TREATMENT 116
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 116
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 116
BASIC INFORMATION 117
Atrioventricular Block 117
SUGGESTED READING 117
DIAGNOSIS 118
TREATMENT 118
BASIC INFORMATION 120
Aural Hematoma 120
Atrioventricular Block, Third-Degree 120
Atrioventricular Block, Second-Degree 120
Atrioventricular Block, First-Degree 120
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 120
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 120
SUGGESTED READING 120
DIAGNOSIS 121
TREATMENT 121
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 121
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 121
BASIC INFORMATION 122
Babesiosis 122
DIAGNOSIS 122
SUGGESTED READING 122
TREATMENT 123
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 123
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 123
SUGGESTED READING 123
BASIC INFORMATION 124
DIAGNOSIS 124
Back Pain 124
TREATMENT 124
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 124
BASIC INFORMATION 125
Baclofen and Other Centrally Acting Muscle Relaxants Toxicosis 125
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 125
SUGGESTED READING 125
DIAGNOSIS 126
TREATMENT 126
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 126
BASIC INFORMATION 127
Barking, Excessive 127
Barbiturates Toxicosis 127
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 127
SUGGESTED READING 127
DIAGNOSIS 128
TREATMENT 128
BASIC INFORMATION 129
Bartonellosis 129
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 129
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 129
SUGGESTED READING 129
DIAGNOSIS 130
TREATMENT 130
BASIC INFORMATION 131
Bee and Other Insect Stings 131
Infection 131
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 131
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 131
SUGGESTED READING 131
Behavior Problem Prevention, Puppies 132
Behavior Problem Prevention, Kittens 132
BASIC INFORMATION 133
Behavior Problems, Miscellaneous 133
DIAGNOSIS 133
TREATMENT 133
BASIC INFORMATION 134
Bicipital Tenosynovitis 134
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 134
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 134
SUGGESTED READING 134
BASIC INFORMATION 135
Bile Duct Obstruction, Extrahepatic 135
DIAGNOSIS 135
TREATMENT 135
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 135
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 135
SUGGESTED READING 135
DIAGNOSIS 136
TREATMENT 136
BASIC INFORMATION 137
Bilious Vomiting Syndrome 137
DIAGNOSIS 137
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 137
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 137
SUGGESTED READING 137
BASIC INFORMATION 138
Blastomycosis 138
TREATMENT 138
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 138
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 138
SUGGESTED READING 138
DIAGNOSIS 140
TREATMENT 140
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 140
BASIC INFORMATION 141
Blindness 141
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 141
SUGGESTED READING 141
DIAGNOSIS 142
TREATMENT 143
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 143
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 143
BASIC INFORMATION 144
Bordetellosis 144
DIAGNOSIS 144
Blue-Green Algae Toxicosis 144
SUGGESTED READING 144
TREATMENT 145
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 145
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 145
BASIC INFORMATION 146
Borreliosis 146
DIAGNOSIS 146
Boric Acid Toxicosis 146
SUGGESTED READING 146
TREATMENT 147
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 147
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 147
SUGGESTED READING 147
BASIC INFORMATION 148
Botulism 148
DIAGNOSIS 148
TREATMENT 148
BASIC INFORMATION 149
Brachial Plexus Abnormalities 149
DIAGNOSIS 149
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 149
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 149
SUGGESTED READING 149
TREATMENT 150
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 150
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 150
SUGGESTED READING 150
BASIC INFORMATION 151
Brachycephalic Airway Syndrome 151
DIAGNOSIS 151
TREATMENT 151
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 152
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 152
BASIC INFORMATION 153
Brain Neoplasia 153
DIAGNOSIS 153
SUGGESTED READING 153
TREATMENT 154
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 154
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 154
BASIC INFORMATION 155
Bromethalin Toxicosis 155
DIAGNOSIS 155
Breeding Management 155
SUGGESTED READING 155
BASIC INFORMATION 156
Bronchiectasis 156
TREATMENT 156
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 156
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 156
SUGGESTED READING 156
DIAGNOSIS 157
TREATMENT 157
BASIC INFORMATION 158
Bronchiolar and Pulmonary Neoplasia 158
DIAGNOSIS 158
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 158
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 158
SUGGESTED READING 158
TREATMENT 159
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 159
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 159
SUGGESTED READING 159
BASIC INFORMATION 160
Bronchitis: Chronic, Sterile 160
DIAGNOSIS 160
TREATMENT 161
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 161
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 161
BASIC INFORMATION 162
Brucellosis, Dog 162
Bronchoesophageal Fistula 162
SUGGESTED READING 162
DIAGNOSIS 163
TREATMENT 163
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 163
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 163
BASIC INFORMATION 164
Toxicosis 164
DIAGNOSIS 164
SUGGESTED READING 164
BASIC INFORMATION 165
Burns 165
Budd-Chiari-Like Syndrome and Cor Triatriatum Dexter 165
TREATMENT 165
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 165
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 165
SUGGESTED READING 165
DIAGNOSIS 166
TREATMENT 166
Cachexia, Cancer-Associated 167
BASIC INFORMATION 168
DIAGNOSIS 168
Cachexia, Cardiac 168
TREATMENT 168
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 168
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 168
BASIC INFORMATION 169
Calcipotriene/Vitamin D3 Analog Toxicosis 169
DIAGNOSIS 169
Calcinosis Cutis and Calcinosis Circumscripta 169
SUGGESTED READING 169
BASIC INFORMATION 170
Calcium Channel Blocker Drug Toxicosis 170
TREATMENT 170
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 170
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 170
SUGGESTED READING 170
DIAGNOSIS 171
TREATMENT 171
BASIC INFORMATION 172
Calicivirus, Cat 172
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 172
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 172
SUGGESTED READING 172
DIAGNOSIS 173
TREATMENT 173
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 173
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 173
SUGGESTED READING 173
BASIC INFORMATION 174
Callus/Pressure Sore 174
DIAGNOSIS 174
TREATMENT 174
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 174
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 174
BASIC INFORMATION 175
Cardiotoxic Plants 175
Cardiomegaly (Radiographic) 175
Enteritis 175
SUGGESTED READING 175
DIAGNOSIS 176
TREATMENT 176
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 176
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 176
BASIC INFORMATION 177
Carnitine Defi ciency 177
DIAGNOSIS 177
SUGGESTED READING 177
TREATMENT 178
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 178
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 178
SUGGESTED READING 178
BASIC INFORMATION 179
DIAGNOSIS 179
Carpal Ligament Trauma/Breakdown 179
TREATMENT 179
BASIC INFORMATION 180
Castor Bean Toxicosis 180
DIAGNOSIS 180
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 180
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 180
SUGGESTED READING 180
BASIC INFORMATION 181
Cataracts 181
TREATMENT 181
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 181
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 181
SUGGESTED READING 181
DIAGNOSIS 182
TREATMENT 182
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 183
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 183
SUGGESTED READING 183
BASIC INFORMATION 184
Caudal Occipital Malformation Syndrome 184
DIAGNOSIS 184
TREATMENT 184
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 184
BASIC INFORMATION 185
DIAGNOSIS 185
Cervical Spondylomyelopathy 185
Cerebellar Abiotrophy 185
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 185
SUGGESTED READING 185
BASIC INFORMATION 186
Chagas Disease 186
TREATMENT 186
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 186
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 186
SUGGESTED READING 186
DIAGNOSIS 187
TREATMENT 187
BASIC INFORMATION 188
Chemotherapy: Adverse Reactions 188
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 188
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 188
SUGGESTED READING 188
DIAGNOSIS 189
TREATMENT 189
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 190
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 190
BASIC INFORMATION 191
Cheyletiellosis 191
SUGGESTED READING 191
DIAGNOSIS 192
TREATMENT 192
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 192
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 192
BASIC INFORMATION 193
Chlamydiosis, Cat 193
DIAGNOSIS 193
SUGGESTED READING 193
BASIC INFORMATION 194
Chocolate Toxicosis 194
TREATMENT 194
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 194
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 194
SUGGESTED READING 194
DIAGNOSIS 195
TREATMENT 195
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 195
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 195
BASIC INFORMATION 196
Cholangitis/Cholangiohepatitis Complex of Cats 196
SUGGESTED READING 196
DIAGNOSIS 197
TREATMENT 197
BASIC INFORMATION 198
Chole(cysto)lithiasis 198
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 198
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 198
SUGGESTED READING 198
DIAGNOSIS 199
TREATMENT 199
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 199
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 199
SUGGESTED READING 199
BASIC INFORMATION 200
Cholecalciferol Toxicosis 200
DIAGNOSIS 200
TREATMENT 200
BASIC INFORMATION 201
Cholecystitis 201
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 201
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 201
SUGGESTED READING 201
DIAGNOSIS 202
TREATMENT 202
BASIC INFORMATION 203
Chondrosarcoma 203
DIAGNOSIS 203
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 203
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 203
SUGGESTED READING 203
TREATMENT 204
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 204
BASIC INFORMATION 205
Chronic Kidney Disease, Occult (“Asymptomatic”) 205
DIAGNOSIS 205
SUGGESTED READING 205
TREATMENT 206
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 206
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 206
SUGGESTED READING 206
BASIC INFORMATION 207
Chronic Kidney Disease, Overt (“Symptomatic”) 207
DIAGNOSIS 207
TREATMENT 208
BASIC INFORMATION 209
Chylothorax 209
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 209
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 209
SUGGESTED READING 209
DIAGNOSIS 210
TREATMENT 211
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 211
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 211
BASIC INFORMATION 212
Cirrhotic/Fibrosing Liver Disease 212
DIAGNOSIS 212
SUGGESTED READING 212
TREATMENT 213
BASIC INFORMATION 214
Claw Disorders 214
Citrus Oil Extract Toxicosis 214
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 214
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 214
SUGGESTED READING 214
DIAGNOSIS 215
TREATMENT 216
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 216
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 216
BASIC INFORMATION 217
Cleaning Products Toxicosis 217
DIAGNOSIS 217
SUGGESTED READING 217
BASIC INFORMATION 218
Cleft Palate 218
TREATMENT 218
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 218
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 218
SUGGESTED READING 218
DIAGNOSIS 219
TREATMENT 219
BASIC INFORMATION 220
Cobalamin Defi ciency 220
Clostridial Enterocolitis 220
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 220
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 220
SUGGESTED READING 220
DIAGNOSIS 221
TREATMENT 221
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 221
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 221
SUGGESTED READING 221
BASIC INFORMATION 222
Coccidioidomycosis 222
DIAGNOSIS 223
TREATMENT 223
BASIC INFORMATION 224
Coccidiosis, Intestinal 224
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 224
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 224
SUGGESTED READING 224
BASIC INFORMATION 225
Cognitive Dysfunction 225
DIAGNOSIS 225
TREATMENT 225
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 225
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 225
SUGGESTED READING 225
DIAGNOSIS 226
TREATMENT 226
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 226
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 226
BASIC INFORMATION 227
Colitis, Acute 227
DIAGNOSIS 227
TREATMENT 227
SUGGESTED READING 227
BASIC INFORMATION 228
Colitis, Chronic 228
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 228
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 228
SUGGESTED READING 228
DIAGNOSIS 229
TREATMENT 229
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 229
BASIC INFORMATION 230
Collapse 230
DIAGNOSIS 230
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 230
SUGGESTED READING 230
BASIC INFORMATION 231
Collapsing Trachea 231
TREATMENT 231
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 231
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 231
SUGGESTED READING 231
DIAGNOSIS 232
TREATMENT 232
BASIC INFORMATION 233
Color Disorders of the Skin and Haircoat 233
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 233
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 233
SUGGESTED READING 233
DIAGNOSIS 234
TREATMENT 234
BASIC INFORMATION 235
Coma 235
DIAGNOSIS 235
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 235
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 235
SUGGESTED READING 235
TREATMENT 236
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 236
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 236
BASIC INFORMATION 237
Conjunctivitis, Cats 237
DIAGNOSIS 237
SUGGESTED READING 237
TREATMENT 238
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 238
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 238
SUGGESTED READING 238
BASIC INFORMATION 239
Conjunctivitis, Dogs 239
DIAGNOSIS 239
BASIC INFORMATION 240
Constipation/Obstipation and Megacolon 240
TREATMENT 240
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 240
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 240
SUGGESTED READING 240
DIAGNOSIS 241
TREATMENT 241
BASIC INFORMATION 242
Contact Dermatitis 242
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 242
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 242
SUGGESTED READING 242
DIAGNOSIS 243
TREATMENT 243
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 243
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 243
SUGGESTED READING 243
BASIC INFORMATION 244
Coprophagia 244
DIAGNOSIS 244
TREATMENT 244
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 244
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 244
BASIC INFORMATION 245
Corneal Lipid Infi ltrates 245
DIAGNOSIS 245
Corneal Discoloration 245
SUGGESTED READING 245
BASIC INFORMATION 246
Corneal Pigmentation 246
TREATMENT 246
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 246
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 246
SUGGESTED READING 246
DIAGNOSIS 247
TREATMENT 247
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 247
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 247
SUGGESTED READING 247
BASIC INFORMATION 248
Corneal/Scleral Trauma 248
DIAGNOSIS 248
TREATMENT 248
BASIC INFORMATION 249
Corneal Sequestration, Cat 249
DIAGNOSIS 249
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 249
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 249
SUGGESTED READING 249
BASIC INFORMATION 250
Corneal Ulceration 250
TREATMENT 250
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 250
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 250
SUGGESTED READING 250
DIAGNOSIS 251
TREATMENT 252
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 253
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 253
SUGGESTED READING 253
BASIC INFORMATION 254
Corneal Vascularization 254
DIAGNOSIS 254
TREATMENT 254
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 254
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 254
BASIC INFORMATION 255
Cornifi cation Disorders 255
SUGGESTED READING 255
DIAGNOSIS 256
TREATMENT 256
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 257
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 257
SUGGESTED READING 257
BASIC INFORMATION 258
Coronaviral Enteritis 258
DIAGNOSIS 258
TREATMENT 258
BASIC INFORMATION 259
Cough 259
Cor Triatriatum Sinister and Supravalvular Mitral Stenosis 259
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 259
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 259
RECOMMENDED READING 259
DIAGNOSIS 260
TREATMENT 260
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 260
BASIC INFORMATION 261
Cranial Cruciate Ligament Injury 261
DIAGNOSIS 261
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 261
SUGGESTED READING 261
TREATMENT 262
BASIC INFORMATION 263
Cranial Vena Cava Syndrome 263
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 263
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 263
SUGGESTED READING 263
DIAGNOSIS 264
TREATMENT 264
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 264
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 264
SUGGESTED READING 264
BASIC INFORMATION 265
Cricopharyngeal Achalasia/Dysphagia 265
DIAGNOSIS 265
TREATMENT 265
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 265
BASIC INFORMATION 266
Cryptococcosis 266
DIAGNOSIS 266
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 266
SUGGESTED READING 266
TREATMENT 267
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 267
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 267
SUGGESTED READING 267
BASIC INFORMATION 268
Cryptorchidism 268
DIAGNOSIS 268
TREATMENT 268
BASIC INFORMATION 269
Cryptosporidiosis 269
DIAGNOSIS 269
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 269
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 269
SUGGESTED READING 269
Cutaneous Cysts 270
BASIC INFORMATION 271
Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus 271
DIAGNOSIS 271
Cutaneous Lymphoma 271
TREATMENT 272
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 272
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 272
SUGGESTED READING 272
BASIC INFORMATION 273
Cutaneous Neoplasia 273
DIAGNOSIS 274
TREATMENT 274
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 274
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 274
SUGGESTED READING 274
BASIC INFORMATION 275
Cyanosis 275
DIAGNOSIS 275
TREATMENT 275
BASIC INFORMATION 276
Cystitis, Bacterial 276
Cystadenoma, Hepatobiliary 276
Cyclic Thrombocytopenia 276
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 276
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 276
SUGGESTED READING 276
DIAGNOSIS 277
TREATMENT 277
Cystitis, Fungal/Algal 278
BASIC INFORMATION 279
Cytauxzoonosis 279
DIAGNOSIS 279
TREATMENT 279
BASIC INFORMATION 280
Deafness 280
Dacryocystitis 280
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 280
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 280
SUGGESTED READING 280
DIAGNOSIS 281
TREATMENT 281
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 281
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 281
BASIC INFORMATION 282
Deciduous Teeth, Persistent (“Retained”) 282
DIAGNOSIS 282
SUGGESTED READING 282
TREATMENT 283
BASIC INFORMATION 284
Decongestant Toxicosis 284
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 284
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 284
SUGGESTED READING 284
DIAGNOSIS 285
TREATMENT 285
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 285
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 285
BASIC INFORMATION 286
Degenerative Myelopathy 286
DIAGNOSIS 286
SUGGESTED READING 286
BASIC INFORMATION 287
Dehydration 287
TREATMENT 287
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 287
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 287
SUGGESTED READING 287
DIAGNOSIS 288
TREATMENT 288
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 288
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 288
BASIC INFORMATION 289
Demodicosis 289
DIAGNOSIS 289
SUGGESTED READING 289
TREATMENT 290
Dermatomyositis 291
BASIC INFORMATION 292
Dermatophytosis 292
DIAGNOSIS 293
TREATMENT 294
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 294
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 294
SUGGESTED READING 294
BASIC INFORMATION 295
Diabetes Insipidus 295
DIAGNOSIS 295
TREATMENT 296
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 296
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 296
SUGGESTED READING 296
BASIC INFORMATION 297
Diabetes Mellitus 297
DIAGNOSIS 297
TREATMENT 298
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 298
SUGGESTED READING 298
BASIC INFORMATION 299
Diabetic Ketoacidosis 299
DIAGNOSIS 299
TREATMENT 299
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 300
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 300
BASIC INFORMATION 301
Diaphragmatic Hernia 301
DIAGNOSIS 301
SUGGESTED READING 301
TREATMENT 302
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 302
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 302
SUGGESTED READING 302
BASIC INFORMATION 303
Diarrhea, Acute 303
DIAGNOSIS 303
TREATMENT 304
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 304
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 304
SUGGESTED READING 304
BASIC INFORMATION 305
Diarrhea, Chronic 305
DIAGNOSIS 306
TREATMENT 307
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 307
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 307
SUGGESTED READING 307
BASIC INFORMATION 308
Dietary Intolerance 308
DIAGNOSIS 308
TREATMENT 308
BASIC INFORMATION 309
Dilated Cardiomyopathy 309
Digoxin Toxicosis 309
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 309
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 309
SUGGESTED READING 309
DIAGNOSIS 310
TREATMENT 310
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 311
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 311
BASIC INFORMATION 312
Diskospondylitis 312
Discolored Urine 312
Disaster Working Dog Management and Health 312
SUGGESTED READING 312
DIAGNOSIS 313
TREATMENT 313
BASIC INFORMATION 314
Disorientation/Confusion 314
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 314
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 314
SUGGESTED READING 314
BASIC INFORMATION 315
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation 315
DIAGNOSIS 315
TREATMENT 315
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 315
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 315
SUGGESTED READING 315
DIAGNOSIS 316
TREATMENT 316
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 316
BASIC INFORMATION 317
Distemper, Canine 317
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 317
SUGGESTED READING 317
DIAGNOSIS 318
TREATMENT 318
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 318
BASIC INFORMATION 319
Distichiasis/Ectopic Cilia/Trichiasis 319
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 319
SUGGESTED READING 319
DIAGNOSIS 320
TREATMENT 320
Draining Tracts, Cutaneous 321
Infection 321
BASIC INFORMATION 322
Drowning 322
DIAGNOSIS 322
TREATMENT 322
BASIC INFORMATION 323
Drug Eruption 323
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 323
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 323
SUGGESTED READING 323
DIAGNOSIS 324
TREATMENT 324
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 324
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 324
SUGGESTED READING 324
BASIC INFORMATION 325
Dysautonomia 325
DIAGNOSIS 325
TREATMENT 325
BASIC INFORMATION 326
Dysphagia 326
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 326
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 326
SUGGESTED READING 326
BASIC INFORMATION 327
Dyspnea 327
DIAGNOSIS 327
TREATMENT 327
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 327
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 327
SUGGESTED READING 327
DIAGNOSIS 328
BASIC INFORMATION 329
Dystocia 329
TREATMENT 329
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 329
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 329
SUGGESTED READING 329
DIAGNOSIS 330
TREATMENT 330
Echinococcosis 331
BASIC INFORMATION 332
DIAGNOSIS 332
TREATMENT 332
Eclampsia 332
BASIC INFORMATION 333
Edema, Subcutaneous 333
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 333
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 333
SUGGESTED READING 333
BASIC INFORMATION 334
Ehrlichiosis, Canine Monocytic 334
DIAGNOSIS 334
TREATMENT 334
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 334
SUGGESTED READING 334
DIAGNOSIS 335
TREATMENT 336
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 336
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 336
SUGGESTED READING 336
BASIC INFORMATION 337
Elbow Dysplasia 337
DIAGNOSIS 337
Eisenmenger’s Syndrome 337
TREATMENT 338
BASIC INFORMATION 339
DIAGNOSIS 339
Elbow Hygroma 339
TREATMENT 339
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 339
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 339
SUGGESTED READING 339
BASIC INFORMATION 340
Elbow Luxation 340
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 340
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 340
SUGGESTED READING 340
DIAGNOSIS 341
TREATMENT 341
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 341
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 341
SUGGESTED READING 341
BASIC INFORMATION 342
DIAGNOSIS 342
Electrocution 342
TREATMENT 342
BASIC INFORMATION 343
Emphysema and Pulmonary Bullae 343
DIAGNOSIS 343
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 343
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 343
SUGGESTED READING 343
TREATMENT 344
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 344
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 344
SUGGESTED READING 344
BASIC INFORMATION 345
DIAGNOSIS 345
Encephalopathy, Vascular 345
TREATMENT 345
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 345
BASIC INFORMATION 346
Endocarditis, Infective 346
DIAGNOSIS 346
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 346
SUGGESTED READING 346
TREATMENT 347
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 347
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 347
SUGGESTED READING 347
BASIC INFORMATION 348
Entropion/Ectropion 348
DIAGNOSIS 349
TREATMENT 349
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 349
BASIC INFORMATION 350
DIAGNOSIS 350
Eosinophilic Bronchopneumopathy 350
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 350
SUGGESTED READING 350
BASIC INFORMATION 351
Eosinophilic Granuloma Complex 351
TREATMENT 351
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 351
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 351
SUGGESTED READING 351
DIAGNOSIS 352
TREATMENT 352
BASIC INFORMATION 353
Epilepsy, Idiopathic 353
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 353
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 353
SUGGESTED READING 353
DIAGNOSIS 354
TREATMENT 354
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 355
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 355
SUGGESTED READING 355
BASIC INFORMATION 356
Episcleritis/Scleritis 356
DIAGNOSIS 356
BASIC INFORMATION 357
Epistaxis 357
TREATMENT 357
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 357
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 357
SUGGESTED READING 357
DIAGNOSIS 358
TREATMENT 358
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 358
BASIC INFORMATION 359
Epulides 359
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 359
RECOMMENDED READING 359
DIAGNOSIS 360
Erythema Multiforme and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis 361
BASIC INFORMATION 362
DIAGNOSIS 362
Esophageal Neoplasia 362
TREATMENT 362
Esophageal Diverticulum 362
BASIC INFORMATION 363
Esophageal Perforation 363
DIAGNOSIS 363
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 363
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 363
SUGGESTED READING 363
TREATMENT 364
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 364
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 364
SUGGESTED READING 364
BASIC INFORMATION 365
DIAGNOSIS 365
Esophageal Stricture 365
TREATMENT 365
BASIC INFORMATION 367
Esophagitis 367
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 367
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 367
SUGGESTED READING 367
DIAGNOSIS 368
BASIC INFORMATION 369
Ethylene Glycol Intoxication 369
TREATMENT 369
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 369
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 369
SUGGESTED READING 369
DIAGNOSIS 370
TREATMENT 371
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 371
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 371
SUGGESTED READING 371
BASIC INFORMATION 372
DIAGNOSIS 372
Exocrine Pancreatic Insuffi ciency 372
TREATMENT 372
BASIC INFORMATION 373
Eyelid Defects: Trauma, Masses 373
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 373
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 373
SUGGESTED READING 373
DIAGNOSIS 374
TREATMENT 374
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 374
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 374
BASIC INFORMATION 375
Facial Muscle Wasting 375
DIAGNOSIS 375
SUGGESTED READING 375
BASIC INFORMATION 376
Facial Paralysis, Idiopathic 376
DIAGNOSIS 376
TREATMENT 376
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 376
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 376
SUGGESTED READING 376
BASIC INFORMATION 377
Fanconi Syndrome 377
TREATMENT 377
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 377
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 377
SUGGESTED READING 377
DIAGNOSIS 378
TREATMENT 378
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 378
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 378
BASIC INFORMATION 379
Fear Due to Veterinary Visits/Treatments 379
DIAGNOSIS 379
SUGGESTED READING 379
TREATMENT 380
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 380
SUGGESTED READING 380
BASIC INFORMATION 381
DIAGNOSIS 381
Feline Immunodefi ciency Virus Infection 381
TREATMENT 382
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 382
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 382
SUGGESTED READING 382
BASIC INFORMATION 383
Feline Infectious Peritonitis 383
DIAGNOSIS 383
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS 383
TREATMENT 384
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 384
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 384
BASIC INFORMATION 385
DIAGNOSIS 385
Feline Leukemia Virus Infection 385
SUGGESTED READING 385
TREATMENT 386
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 386
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 386
BASIC INFORMATION 387
DIAGNOSIS 387
Feline Lower Urinary Tract Signs, Idiopathic 387
SUGGESTED READING 387
TREATMENT 388
BASIC INFORMATION 389
Fever of Unknown Origin 389
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 389
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 389
SUGGESTED READING 389
DIAGNOSIS 390
TREATMENT 391
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 391
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 391
SUGGESTED READING 391
BASIC INFORMATION 392
Fibrocartilaginous Embolism 392
DIAGNOSIS 392
BASIC INFORMATION 393
Fibrosarcoma 393
TREATMENT 393
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 393
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 393
SUGGESTED READING 393
DIAGNOSIS 394
TREATMENT 394
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 394
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 394
BASIC INFORMATION 395
DIAGNOSIS 395
Flail Chest 395
TREATMENT 395
SUGGESTED READING 395
BASIC INFORMATION 396
DIAGNOSIS 396
TREATMENT 396
Flatulence and Borborygmi 396
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 396
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 396
SUGGESTED READING 396
BASIC INFORMATION 397
Flea Bite Allergy 397
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 397
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 397
SUGGESTED READING 397
DIAGNOSIS 398
TREATMENT 398
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 398
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 398
BASIC INFORMATION 399
DIAGNOSIS 399
Follicular Dysplasia, Canine 399
SUGGESTED READING 399
BASIC INFORMATION 400
Food Allergy, Dermatologic 400
TREATMENT 400
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 400
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 400
SUGGESTED READING 400
DIAGNOSIS 401
BASIC INFORMATION 402
Food Allergy, Gastrointestinal 402
TREATMENT 402
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 402
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 402
SUGGESTED READING 402
DIAGNOSIS 403
TREATMENT 403
BASIC INFORMATION 404
Footpad Disorders 404
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 404
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 404
SUGGESTED READING 404
DIAGNOSIS 405
TREATMENT 405
BASIC INFORMATION 406
DIAGNOSIS 406
Foreign Body, Esophageal 406
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 406
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 406
SUGGESTED READING 406
BASIC INFORMATION 407
Foreign Body, Linear Gastrointestinal 407
TREATMENT 407
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 407
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 407
SUGGESTED READING 407
DIAGNOSIS 408
TREATMENT 408
BASIC INFORMATION 409
Foreign Body, Oral 409
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 409
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 409
SUGGESTED READING 409
DIAGNOSIS 410
TREATMENT 410
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 410
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 410
BASIC INFORMATION 411
Foreign Body, Respiratory Tract 411
SUGGESTED READING 411
DIAGNOSIS 412
TREATMENT 412
Fracture Disease 413
BASIC INFORMATION 414
Fractures, Abnormal Healing 414
DIAGNOSIS 414
TREATMENT 415
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 416
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 416
SUGGESTED READING 416
BASIC INFORMATION 417
DIAGNOSIS 417
TREATMENT 417
Fractures of the Femur 417
BASIC INFORMATION 418
Fractures of the Humerus 418
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 418
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 418
SUGGESTED READING 418
BASIC INFORMATION 419
Fractures of the Mandible and Maxilla 419
DIAGNOSIS 419
TREATMENT 419
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 419
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 419
SUGGESTED READING 419
DIAGNOSIS 420
TREATMENT 420
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 421
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 421
BASIC INFORMATION 422
DIAGNOSIS 422
TREATMENT 422
Fractures of the Metacarpus and Metatarsus 422
SUGGESTED READING 422
BASIC INFORMATION 423
DIAGNOSIS 423
TREATMENT 423
Fractures of the Pelvis 423
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 423
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 423
SUGGESTED READING 423
BASIC INFORMATION 424
Fractures of the Radius and Ulna 424
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 424
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 424
SUGGESTED READING 424
BASIC INFORMATION 425
Fractures of the Scapula 425
DIAGNOSIS 425
TREATMENT 425
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 425
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 425
SUGGESTED READING 425
BASIC INFORMATION 426
Fractures of the Spine/Luxations of the Spine 426
DIAGNOSIS 426
TREATMENT 426
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 426
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 426
SUGGESTED READING 426
DIAGNOSIS 427
TREATMENT 427
BASIC INFORMATION 428
DIAGNOSIS 428
TREATMENT 428
Fractures of the Tibia and Fibula 428
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 428
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 428
SUGGESTED READING 428
BASIC INFORMATION 429
Frostbite 429
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 429
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 429
SUGGESTED READING 429
BASIC INFORMATION 430
Gallbladder Mucocele 430
DIAGNOSIS 430
TREATMENT 430
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 430
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 430
SUGGESTED READING 430
DIAGNOSIS 431
TREATMENT 431
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 431
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 431
SUGGESTED READING 431
BASIC INFORMATION 432
DIAGNOSIS 432
TREATMENT 432
Gallbladder Rupture 432
BASIC INFORMATION 433
Gallops and Other Extra Heart Sounds 433
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 433
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 433
SUGGESTED READING 433
BASIC INFORMATION 434
Garbage Toxicosis 434
DIAGNOSIS 434
TREATMENT 434
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 434
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 434
SUGGESTED READING 434
DIAGNOSIS 435
TREATMENT 435
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 435
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 435
SUGGESTED READING 435
BASIC INFORMATION 436
DIAGNOSIS 436
Gastric Dilatation/Volvulus 436
TREATMENT 437
BASIC INFORMATION 438
DIAGNOSIS 438
Gastric Neoplasia 438
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 438
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 438
SUGGESTED READING 438
Gastric Parasites 439
BASIC INFORMATION 440
DIAGNOSIS 440
Gastric Ulcer 440
TREATMENT 441
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 441
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 441
BASIC INFORMATION 442
DIAGNOSIS 442
Gastrinoma 442
SUGGESTED READING 442
BASIC INFORMATION 443
DIAGNOSIS 443
Gastroenteritis: Acute, Nonspecifi c 443
TREATMENT 443
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 443
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 443
SUGGESTED READING 443
Gastrointestinal Endocrine Disease 444
BASIC INFORMATION 445
DIAGNOSIS 445
Gastrointestinal Obstruction: Foreign Body or Mass Lesion 445
TREATMENT 446
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 446
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 446
SUGGESTED READING 446
BASIC INFORMATION 447
DIAGNOSIS 447
TREATMENT 447
Giardiasis 447
BASIC INFORMATION 448
Glaucoma 448
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 448
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 448
SUGGESTED READING 448
DIAGNOSIS 449
TREATMENT 449
BASIC INFORMATION 450
Glomerulonephritis 450
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 450
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 450
SUGGESTED READING 450
DIAGNOSIS 451
TREATMENT 452
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 452
BASIC INFORMATION 453
DIAGNOSIS 453
Gluten-Sensitive Enteropathy 453
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 453
SUGGESTED READING 453
BASIC INFORMATION 454
Glyphosate Herbicide Toxicosis 454
TREATMENT 454
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 454
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 454
SUGGESTED READING 454
BASIC INFORMATION 455
Granulomatous Enteritis/Colitis 455
DIAGNOSIS 455
TREATMENT 455
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 455
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 455
SUGGESTED READING 455
DIAGNOSIS 456
TREATMENT 456
BASIC INFORMATION 457
DIAGNOSIS 457
TREATMENT 457
Granulomatous Meningoencephalomyelitis (GME) 457
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 457
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 457
SUGGESTED READING 457
BASIC INFORMATION 458
Grapes and Raisins Toxicosis 458
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 458
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 458
SUGGESTED READING 458
DIAGNOSIS 459
TREATMENT 459
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 459
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 459
SUGGESTED READING 459
BASIC INFORMATION 460
DIAGNOSIS 460
Gunshot Wounds 460
TREATMENT 461
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 461
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 461
SUGGESTED READINGS 461
BASIC INFORMATION 462
DIAGNOSIS 462
Halitosis 462
TREATMENT 462
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 462
BASIC INFORMATION 463
Head Tilt 463
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 463
SUGGESTED READING 463
BASIC INFORMATION 464
Head Trauma 464
DIAGNOSIS 464
TREATMENT 464
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 464
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 464
SUGGESTED READING 464
DIAGNOSIS 465
TREATMENT 465
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 466
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 466
BASIC INFORMATION 467
DIAGNOSIS 467
Heart Base Tumor 467
SUGGESTED READING 467
BASIC INFORMATION 468
Heart Failure, Acute/Decompensated 468
TREATMENT 468
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 468
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 468
SUGGESTED READING 468
DIAGNOSIS 469
TREATMENT 469
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 469
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 469
BASIC INFORMATION 470
Heart Failure, Chronic 470
SUGGESTED READING 470
DIAGNOSIS 471
TREATMENT 471
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 472
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 472
SUGGESTED READING 472
BASIC INFORMATION 473
Heart Murmurs 473
DIAGNOSIS 473
BASIC INFORMATION 474
Heartworm Disease, Cat 474
TREATMENT 474
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 474
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 474
SUGGESTED READING 474
DIAGNOSIS 475
TREATMENT 476
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 476
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 476
SUGGESTED READING 476
BASIC INFORMATION 477
Heartworm Disease, Dog 477
DIAGNOSIS 478
TREATMENT 478
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 479
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 479
SUGGESTED READING 479
BASIC INFORMATION 480
Heat Stroke/Hyperthermia 480
DIAGNOSIS 480
Gastritis 481
BASIC INFORMATION 482
DIAGNOSIS 482
Hemangiopericytoma 482
TREATMENT 482
BASIC INFORMATION 483
Hemangiosarcoma 483
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 483
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 483
SUGGESTED READING 483
DIAGNOSIS 484
TREATMENT 485
Hemangiosarcoma, Cardiac 486
BASIC INFORMATION 487
DIAGNOSIS 487
Hematochezia 487
TREATMENT 487
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 487
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 487
BASIC INFORMATION 488
DIAGNOSIS 488
Hematuria 488
SUGGESTED READING 488
BASIC INFORMATION 489
Hemoabdomen 489
TREATMENT 489
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 489
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 489
SUGGESTED READING 489
DIAGNOSIS 490
TREATMENT 490
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 490
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 490
SUGGESTED READING 490
BASIC INFORMATION 491
Hemophilias and Other Hereditary Coagulation-Factor Defi ciencies 491
DIAGNOSIS 491
Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome 491
Hemoptysis 492
BASIC INFORMATION 493
Hemorrhage 493
DIAGNOSIS 493
BASIC INFORMATION 495
Hemorrhagic Gastroenteritis 495
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 495
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 495
SUGGESTED READING 495
DIAGNOSIS 496
TREATMENT 496
BASIC INFORMATION 497
DIAGNOSIS 497
Hemothorax 497
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 497
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 497
SUGGESTED READING 497
TREATMENT 498
BASIC INFORMATION 499
Hemotropic Mycoplasmosis, Cat 499
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 499
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 499
SUGGESTED READING 499
DIAGNOSIS 500
TREATMENT 500
BASIC INFORMATION 501
Hepatic Encephalopathy 501
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 501
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 501
SUGGESTED READING 501
DIAGNOSIS 502
TREATMENT 502
BASIC INFORMATION 503
Hepatic Injury, Acute 503
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 503
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 503
SUGGESTED READING 503
DIAGNOSIS 504
TREATMENT 505
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 505
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 505
BASIC INFORMATION 506
DIAGNOSIS 506
Hepatic Lipidosis 506
SUGGESTED READING 506
TREATMENT 507
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 507
BASIC INFORMATION 508
Hepatic Neoplasia, Malignant 508
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 508
SUGGESTED READING 508
DIAGNOSIS 509
TREATMENT 510
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 510
BASIC INFORMATION 511
DIAGNOSIS 511
Hepatic Nodules, Benign 511
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 511
SUGGESTED READING 511
Hepatitis (Chronic) of Doberman Pinscher Dogs 512
Hepatitis (Chronic) of Cocker Spaniel Dogs 512
BASIC INFORMATION 513
DIAGNOSIS 513
Hepatitis (Chronic, Idiopathic) of Dogs 513
TREATMENT 514
BASIC INFORMATION 515
Hepatomegaly 515
Hepatitis, Canine Infectious 515
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 515
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 515
SUGGESTED READING 515
DIAGNOSIS 516
TREATMENT 516
BASIC INFORMATION 517
Hepatopathy, Copper-Associated 517
DIAGNOSIS 517
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 517
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 517
SUGGESTED READING 517
TREATMENT 518
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME 518
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS 518
SUGGESTED READING 518
BASIC INFORMATION 519
DIAGNOSIS 519
TREATMENT 519
Hepatozoonosis 519
BASIC INFORMATION 520
SECTION II 1191
Abdominal Drainage 1192
Abdominocentesis 1194
Acupuncture 1195
Arterial Blood Sampling and Arterial Catheterization 1196
Angiogram, Nonselective 1196
Arthrocentesis 1199
Arthroscopy 1200
Artifi cial Insemination 1202
SUGGESTED READING 1202
Barium Enema 1204
Barium Esophagram, Dynamic 1205
Behavioral Assessment 1206
Biopsy: Ultrasound-Guided Percutaneous 1207
SUGGESTED READING 1208
Blood Pressure Measurement 1209
Bone Biopsy 1211
Bone Marrow Aspiration/Core Biopsy 1212
Bone Grafting 1212
Brain Biopsy, CT-Guided Stereotactic 1214
Brainstem Auditory Evoked Response (BAER) Test 1216
Breeding Soundness Exam: Female Dog 1218
Breeding Soundness Exam: Male Dog 1219
Bronchoscopy 1220
Buccal Mucosal Bleeding Time 1222
Cardiopulmonary Cerebral Resuscitation 1223
Catheterization, Urethral 1226
Central Venous Pressure Monitoring 1227
Cerebrospinal Fluid Collection 1228
Chest Tube Placement 1230
Computed Tomography Scan 1233
Cross-Match and Blood Typing 1234
Cystocentesis 1235
Cystogram 1237
Cystoscopy 1239
Defi brillation, Electrical 1241
Dental Extraction 1242
Dental Preventive (Home) Care 1243
Dental Prophylactic Treatment 1244
Dental Radiography, Basic 1246
Dermatologic Diagnostic Procedures 1248
Diagnostic Peritoneal Lavage 1250
Echocardiography 1251
Electrocardiography 1253
Electroretinogram 1255
Electromyography (EMG) and Nerve Conduction Velocity (NCV) 1255
SUGGESTED READING 1257
Enema (Evacuation, Retention) 1258
Enema: Scintigraphic (Radionuclide) 1259
Epidural Analgesia/Anesthesia 1260
SUGGESTED READING 1260
Ethanol Ablation of Thyroid and Parathyroid Tumors 1263
Excretory Urogram 1265
Feeding Tube Placement: Esophagostomy Tube 1267
Feeding Tube Placement: Nasoesophageal and Nasogastric 1269
Feeding Tube Placement: Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy (PEG) 1270
Feeding Tube Placement: Percutaneous Endoscopic Jejunostomy (PEJ) 1273
Fine-Needle Aspirate, Ultrasound-Guided 1275
Fine-Needle Sampling for Cytologic Analysis: Lung 1277
Fine-Needle Sampling for Cytologic Analysis: Subcutaneous Mass 1278
Foreign-Body Removal, Esophageal (Endoscopic) 1279
Fistulogram 1279
Gastric Intubation, Gavage, Lavage 1281
Gastroscopy/Duodenoscopy 1284
Hemodialysis 1286
Holter/Cardiac Event Monitoring 1287
Inhalant Medication Administration 1289
Intravenous Catheter Placement 1291
Intraosseous Catheter Placement 1291
Intubation, Endotracheal 1292
Jugular Catheter Placement and Management 1293
Laryngeal, Pharyngeal, and Oral Examination 1295
Lithotripsy 1297
SUGGESTED READING 1297
Liver Biopsy, Laparoscopic 1298
SUGGESTED READING 1298
Local and Regional Anesthesia 1299
Luxation Reduction (Closed): Shoulder, Elbow, or Hip 1301
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Scan 1302
Muscle and Nerve Biopsy 1305
Myelography 1306
Nasal Infusion of Clotrimazole 1308
Nasal Flush 1308
SUGGESTED READING 1309
Nebulization, Coupage, and Respiratory Therapeutics 1310
Neurologic Examination 1311
Ophthalmic Examination 1313
Orthopedic Examination 1315
Otoscopy (Video) 1316
Oxygen Supplementation 1318
Pacemaker: Transthoracic Cardiac Pacing 1320
Parenteral Nutrition 1322
SUGGESTED READING 1324
Pericardiocentesis 1325
Peritoneal Dialysis 1326
SUGGESTED READINGS 1327
Phlebotomy 1328
Physical Rehabilitation 1329
Porcupine Quill Removal 1331
SUGGESTED READING 1331
Prostatic Sampling Techniques 1332
Prostatic Massage 1332
Rectal Palpation 1333
Rectal Scraping 1334
Rhinoscopy 1335
Slings, Casts, and Other Forms of Immobilization 1336
Thoracocentesis 1338
Thoracoscopy 1340
Tracheal Stent Placement 1342
SUGGESTED READING 1343
Tracheostomy 1344
Transcervical Insemination 1346
Transfusion Therapy 1347
Transtracheal Wash 1350
Upper Gastrointestinal Radiographic Contrast Series 1351
Urethral Obstruction (Canine): Medical Management 1353
Urethral Obstruction (Feline): Medical Management 1355
Urethrogram 1357
Vagal Maneuver 1359
Vaginal Palpation in the Bitch 1360
Vaginoscopy 1361
Ventilation, Positive Pressure 1362
Vomiting, Induction of 1364
SECTION III 1367
Acidosis, Respiratory 1368
Acidosis, Metabolic 1368
Acidosis, Lactic 1368
Abortion, Canine 1368
Adrenal Mass/Nodule 1369
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) 1369
Acute Renal Failure 1369
Acute Abdomen 1369
Alkalosis, Respiratory 1370
Alkalosis, Metabolic 1370
Alopecia, Canine Symmetrical 1371
Amyloidosis 1372
American Society of Anesthesiologists Classification System 1372
Anemia, Aplastic 1373
Anaphylaxis 1373
Anemia, Hemolytic 1374
Anemia: Causes 1374
Anemias: Characteristics 1375
Anemia, Immune-Mediated 1375
Anisocoria 1376
Anemias: Evaluation 1376
Azotemia, BUN-Creatinine Mismatch Azotemia 1377
Azoospermia 1377
Arrhythmias: Ventricular Versus Supraventricular 1377
Arrhythmias, Ventricular: Triggers 1377
Arrhythmias: ECG Characteristics 1377
Antidotes and Reversal Agents in Small-Animal Poisoning 1377
Anticoagulant Rodenticides in Common Usage 1377
Anorexia: Tips for Coax Feeding 1377
Anorexia 1377
Blindness 1378
Bleeding Disorders: Primary Versus Secondary 1378
Bleeding Disorders 1378
Behavioral Change: Primary Behavioral Versus Neurologic 1378
Bacteria Isolated from Sites of Infection 1378
Central Nervous System Disorders: Multifocal 1379
Bronchial Disease, Chronic 1379
Bradycardia 1379
Bone Neoplasia Bone Marrow Disorders 1379
Bone Diseases, Congenital 1379
Blood Type Frequencies, Dogs 1379
Blood Type Frequencies, Cats 1379
Chronic Kidney Disease: Stages 1380
Chronic Kidney Disease: Complications 1380
Cerebrospinal Fluid Abnormalities 1380
Congestive Heart Failure: Causes 1381
Congenital Heart Disease: Breed Predilections 1381
Coma, Stupor 1381
Coughing 1382
Corneal Ulcer 1382
Constipation 1382
Conjunctivitis, Feline 1382
Congestive Heart Failure: Physical Signs 1382
Congestive Heart Failure: Classification 1382
Cranial Nerve Defi cits 1383
Cyanosis: Differentiation 1384
Cyanosis 1384
Cutaneous Neoplastic and Nonneoplastic Masses 1384
Diabetes Insipidus, Nephrogenic 1385
Dermatosis, Periocular 1385
Dermatoses, Scaling and Crusting 1385
Diarrhea, Small Versus Large Intestine 1386
Diarrhea, Neonatal 1386
Diarrhea, Chronic Large-Intestinal: Causes 1386
Diarrhea 1386
Diabetes, Ketoacidosis 1386
Diabetes Mellitus 1386
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) 1387
Diskospondylitis: Microorganisms 1387
Discolored Urine 1387
Dilated Cardiomyopathy Differential Diagnosis: Myocardial Failure 1387
Diet: Assessment 1387
Dyspnea 1388
Dysphagia 1388
Feline Leukemia Virus and Feline Immunodefi ciency Virus: Associated Disorders 1389
Eosinophilia 1389
Enteropathies: Breed-Related 1389
Endocarditis 1389
Electrocardiogram (ECG) Abnormalities 1389
Effusions, Bicavitary* 1389
Effusions 1389
Edema 1389
Dystocia: Causes 1389
Dystocia Versus Other Periparturient Phenomena 1389
Gastrointestinal Endocrine Diseases 1390
Gastric Outflow Obstruction 1390
Fever of Unknown Origin 1390
Glucosuria 1391
Glomerular Diseases, Dogs 1391
Glomerular Diseases, Cats 1391
Gastrointestinal Ulceration 1391
Heart Murmurs: Congenital Heart Defect–Associated 1392
Heart Murmurs 1392
Halitosis 1392
Hematemesis 1393
Heartworm Disease: Complications 1393
Heartworm 1393
Versus 1393
Heartworm: Clinical Severity 1393
Hemoptysis 1394
Hematuria 1394
Hematochezia 1394
Hepatic Infections and Abscesses 1395
Hepatic Fibrosis 1395
Hepatic Failure, Acute 1395
Hemothorax 1395
Horner’s Syndrome 1396
Hepatotoxic Agents 1396
Hepatopathy, Vacuolar 1396
Hepatic Neoplasia 1396
Hyperglobulinemia 1397
Hyperchloremia 1397
Hypercapnia 1397
Hypercalcemia: Lab 1397
Hypercalcemia: Causes 1397
Hypernatremia 1398
Hyperlipidemia 1398
Hyperkalemia 1398
Hyperglycemia 1398
Hypersensitivity 1399
Hyperphosphatemia 1399
Hypocalcemia 1400
Hypoalbuminemia 1400
Hyperthyroid Therapy 1400
Hyperthermia: Nonfebrile 1400
Hypertension, Systemic 1400
Hypokalemia: Causes 1401
Hypokalemia: Associated Disorders (Cats) 1401
Hypoglycemia 1401
Hypochloremia 1401
Hypocapnia 1401
Hypophosphatemia 1402
Hyponatremia 1402
Hypomagnesemia 1402
Ileus 1403
Icterus 1403
Hypoxemia 1403
Hypothyroidism 1403
Hypothermia 1403
Hypotension, Systemic 1403
Incontinence, Urinary 1404
Incontinence, Fecal 1404
Immunodeficiency-Related Complications 1404
Immunodeficiency Syndromes: Congenital 1404
Immunodeficiency Syndromes: Acquired 1404
Iron Abnormalities 1405
Insulin Resistance 1405
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases 1405
Infertility, Male 1405
Infertility With Preserved Libido 1405
Laryngeal Neoplasia 1406
Lactate: Elevated Serum Levels 1406
Lacrimation/Epiphora, Chronic 1406
Ketonuria Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca (KCS) 1406
Joint Effusion 1406
Lymphoma Staging Classifi cation 1407
Lymphoma and Lymphoid Neoplasia 1407
Lymphatic Drainage 1407
Lymphatic Disorders 1407
Liver Enzyme Elevations 1407
Myocardial Diseases, Feline 1408
Monoclonal Gammopathy 1408
Melena 1408
Megaesophagus 1408
Mediastinal Enlargement 1408
Myopathies, Feline Congenital 1409
Myopathies 1409
Myocarditis 1409
Nasal Obstruction/Discharge in Cats, Chronic 1410
Nasal Neoplasia 1410
Nasal Discharge and Sneezing 1410
Myositis 1410
Nephrotoxic Agents in Dogs and Cats 1411
Nerves of the Forelimb: Localization of Contributing Spinal Cord Segments 1412
Nerves of the Forelimb: Cutaneous Distribution 1412
Nerves of the Hind Limb: Localization of Contributing Spinal Cord Segments 1413
Nerves of the Hind Limb: Cutaneous Distribution 1413
Neuromuscular Diseases 1414
Neurologic Signs and Underlying Causes 1414
Osteomyelitis 1415
Orbital Disorders 1415
Oral Ulcers 1415
Optic Nerve Disorders 1415
Obesity, Causes of/Contributors to 1415
Neutrophil Dysfunction 1415
Neutropenia 1415
Panting 1416
Ototoxic Agents 1416
Pericardial Diseases 1417
Paraneoplastic Syndromes 1417
Pleural Effusion 1418
Petechiae, Ecchymosis 1418
Peritonitis 1418
Pericardial Effusion in the Dog 1418
Polyuria and Polydipsia: Differential Diagnosis 1419
Polyphagia 1419
Polycythemia 1419
Polyarthritis 1419
Pneumonia, Bacteria Isolated in Tracheal Aspirates from Dogs 1419
Pneumonia, Aspiration 1419
Proteinuria 1420
Protein-Losing Enteropathies 1420
Prostatomegaly 1420
Preputial Discharge 1420
Portosystemic Shunts 1420
Polyuria and Polydipsia: Drug-Induced 1420
Pruritic Canine Dermatoses 1421
Pulmonary Hypertension 1422
Pruritic Feline Dermatoses 1422
Red Eye: Differential Diagnosis 1423
Pyoderma 1423
Pulmonary Markings 1423
Retinopathies 1424
Respiratory Parasites 1424
Renal Failure, Acute Versus Chronic 1424
Renal Failure, Acute 1424
Regurgitation 1424
Seizures 1425
Salter-Harris Fracture Classification 1425
Seizures: Characteristics and Differentiation 1426
Seizures: Causes Grouped According to Age 1426
Shock 1427
Serotonin Syndrome–Inducing Agents 1427
Seizures, Refractory or Poorly Controlled 1427
Syncope 1428
Stunted Growth 1428
Storage Disorders 1428
Stomatitis 1428
Splenomegaly 1428
Splenic Diseases: Infectious 1428
Spinal Reflexes 1428
Testicular Dimension Abnormalities 1429
Tenesmus/Dyschezia 1429
Tachycardia 1429
Systemic Inflammatory Response and Multiple Organ Dysfunction 1429
Syncope, Disease Associations 1429
Total Protein Elevation, Serum 1430
Thyroid Hormone Alterations 1430
Thromboembolism 1430
Third Eyelid (Nictitating Membrane) Abnormalities 1430
Upper Respiratory Infection, Feline 1431
Ulcers and Erosions (Cutaneous), Distribution 1431
Ulcerative/Erosive Skin Lesions 1431
Tracheal Neoplasia 1431
Toxicants, Radiopaque 1431
Urinary Tract Infections, Recurrent and Persistent 1432
Urinary Crystals 1432
Uveitis 1433
Uroliths 1433
Vestibular Disease: Central Versus Peripheral 1434
Vascular Disorders 1434
Vaccine Failure 1434
Vulvar Discharge 1435
Vomiting, Chronic 1435
Vomiting, Acute 1435
Vomiting 1435
Zoonotic Diseases 1436
Weight Loss 1436
Weakness 1436
SECTION IV 1437
Acanthocyte 1438
Acetylcholinesterase Level 1439
Acetylcholine Receptor Antibody Test 1439
Activated Coagulation Time (ACT) 1440
ACTH (Adrenocorticotropic Hormone), Endogenous/Baseline 1440
Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) 1441
Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT) 1441
Albuminuria and Proteinuria 1442
Albumin 1442
Aldosterone, Endogenous 1443
Ammonia 1444
Alkaline Phosphatase 1444
Anemia, Nonregenerative 1445
Amylase 1445
Anion Gap 1446
Anemia, Regenerative 1446
Antithrombin III (ATIII) 1447
Antinuclear Antibody (ANA) 1447
Baermann Fecal Examination 1448
spp. Serology 1448
Basophils 1449
Bartonellosis Testing 1449
Bicarbonate 1450
Bence Jones Urinary Proteins 1450
Bile Acids (Blood, Urinary) 1451
Bilirubinuria 1452
Bilirubin 1452
Blood Gas Analysis 1453
Testing 1453
Blood Typing 1454
Blood pH 1454
Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) 1455
Borreliosis (Lyme Disease) Serology 1456
Bone Marrow Cytology 1456
Slide Agglutination 1457
Bromide 1457
Calcium, Serum 1458
Buffy Coat 1458
Canine Distemper Testing 1459
Casts in Urine Sediment 1460
Canine Parvovirus Tests 1460
Chloride 1461
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) Analysis 1461
Cholesterol 1462
Cobalamin 1463
Coagulation Profile 1463
Colloid Osmotic Pressure 1464
Serology 1464
Complete Blood Count 1465
Cortisol 1466
Coombs’ Test 1466
Creatine Kinase (CK) 1467
Cross-Matching 1468
Creatinine 1468
Crystals in Urine Sediment 1469
Antigen Test 1469
Culture and Sensitivity, Bacterial 1470
Cyclosporine Serum Levels 1471
Digoxin, Serum Level 1472
D-Dimer 1472
Serology 1473
Eccentrocyte 1473
Erythropoietin 1474
Eosinophils 1474
Ethylene Glycol Bench Test 1475
Estradiol/Estrogen, Serum Levels 1475
Fecal Flotation 1476
Fecal Culture 1476
Feline Coronavirus Testing 1477
Feline Leukemia Virus (ELISA) 1478
Feline Immunodeficiency Virus Testing 1478
Fibrin or Fibrinogen Degradation Products 1479
Feline Leukemia Virus Immunofluorescent Antibody (IFA) 1479
Fluid Analysis 1480
Fibrinogen 1480
Fructosamine 1481
Folate 1481
Fungal Culture 1482
Gastrin 1483
Gamma-Glutamyltransferase 1483
Globulins 1484
Giardiasis Testing 1484
Glucosuria 1485
Glucose, Blood 1485
Heartworm Antigen and Antibody Tests 1486
Glycated Hemoglobin 1486
Heinz Bodies 1487
Heartworm Filter Test 1487
Hematocrit 1488
Hemolysis 1489
Hemoglobinuria and Hematuria 1489
Howell-Jolly Bodies 1490
High-Dose Dexamethasone Suppression Test 1490
Insulin and Insulin/Glucose Ratio 1491
Ketonuria 1492
Iron Profile 1492
Lactate Dehydrogenase 1493
Lactate 1493
Left Shift 1494
Lead, Blood Level 1494
Leukocyte Function Tests 1495
Serology, Canine 1495
Lipase 1496
Leukocytes (Leukocytosis/Leukopenia) 1496
Lipemia 1497
Low-Dose Dexamethasone Suppression Test 1498
Luteinizing Hormone (LH) 1499
Lupus Erythematosus Preparation (LE Prep) 1499
Magnesium 1500
Lymphocytes (Lymphocytosis, Lymphopenia) 1500
Monocytes (Monocytosis, Monocytopenia) 1501
Methemoglobinemia, Methemoglobinuria 1501
spp. Culture 1502
Mycobacterial Culture 1502
Serology 1503
Myoglobinemia, Myoglobinuria 1503
Neutrophils (Neutrophilia, Neutropenia) 1504
Parathyroid Hormone 1505
N-Terminal Pro-B-Type Natriuretic Peptide (NT-proBNP) 1505
Pelger Huët 1506
Parathyroid Hormone–Related Protein 1506
Phosphorus 1507
Phenobarbital Serum Level 1507
Platelets 1508
Polycythemia 1509
Poikilocytes 1509
Progesterone 1510
Potassium 1510
Protein Electrophoresis 1511
Proteins Induced by Vitamin K Absence or Antagonism (PIVKA) 1512
Pyuria 1513
Prothrombin Time 1513
Relaxin 1514
Rabies Diagnostic Testing 1514
Rheumatoid Factor 1515
Reticulocytes 1515
Schistocytes 1516
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever Serology 1516
Sodium 1517
Semen Analysis 1517
Spherocytes 1518
Taurine Blood Levels 1519
Synovial Fluid Analysis 1519
Thyroglobulin Antibody 1520
Testosterone 1520
Thyroxine (Total), Free Thyroxine by Equilibrium Dialysis 1521
Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone 1521
Total Protein (Serum) 1522
Triglycerides 1523
Serology 1523
Troponins, Cardiac 1524
Triiodothyronine (T3) 1524
Urinalysis 1525
Trypsinlike Immunoreactivity 1525
Urine pH Abnormalities 1526
Urine Cortisol/Creatinine Ratio 1526
Urine Protein/Creatinine Ratio 1527
von Willebrand Factor Assay 1528
Urine Specific Gravity 1528
Zinc, Serum Level 1529
Warfarin 1529
SECTION V 1531
Abortion: Diagnostic Approach to Abortion in the Dog 1532
Acid-Base Disorders 1533
Acute Abdomen 1534
Acute Renal Failure 1535
Adenocarcinoma of the Anal Sacs 1536
Alopecia, Canine 1537
Alopecia, Feline 1538
Aspergillosis (Nasal) 1539
Anesthetic Complications 1539
Bleeding Patient: Initial Approach 1540
Bleeding Disorder 1540
Atrial Fibrillation 1540
Asthma 1540
Cardiopulmonary Arrest 1541
Burns and/or Smoke Inhalation 1541
Chylothorax 1542
Chronic Kidney Disease: Management 1542
Constipation, Obstipation, and Megacolon 1543
Cranial Cruciate Ligament Injury 1544
Cyanosis 1545
Diabetes Insipidus 1546
Diabetes Mellitus 1547
Diarrhea, Large Bowel 1548
Diaphragmatic Hernia 1548
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation 1549
Draining Tracts, Cutaneous 1550
Dyspnea and Respiratory Distress: Hospital-Acquired 1551
Esophageal Motility Disorder: Treatment 1552
Dystocia 1552
Ethylene Glycol Intoxication 1553
Feline Leukemia Infection 1554
Feline Immunodeficiency Virus Infection 1554
Feline Lower Urinary Tract Signs 1555
Fracture Management 1556
Fractures Pathologic 1557
Frostbite 1558
Glaucoma 1559
Glomerulonephritis: Management 1560
Head Trauma 1561
Heart Murmur: Incidental Finding (“Asymptomatic”) 1562
Heartworm Management 1563
Heat Stroke—Hyperthermia 1564
Hit by Car 1565
Hip Dysplasia 1565
Hyperadrenocorticism: Treatment 1566
Hyperthyroidism: Treatment 1567
Hypoadrenocorticism 1568
Hypothyroidism Treatment 1569
Hypoparathyroidism: Management 1569
Infertility in the Canine Female: Keys to Solving Infertility Problems 1570
Inappropriate Elimination, Cat 1570
Icterus: Management 1570
Intervertebral Disk Disease 1571
Insulinoma: Diagnosis 1571
Leukemias: Classifi cation and Treatment 1572
Mammary Gland Tumors, Cat 1573
Mammary Gland Tumors, Dog 1574
Mast Cell Tumor in the Dog 1576
Mucocele, Salivary 1577
Melanoma 1577
Nodular Dermatosis 1578
Nutritional Support, Decision-Making 1579
Organophosphate and Carbamate Toxicity 1580
Perineal Hernia 1581
Patellar Luxation 1581
Peritonitis, Septic 1582
Pneumonia, Aspiration 1583
Pheochromocytoma 1583
Polyarthritis 1584
Polyuria and Polydipsia 1585
Prostatitis 1586
Protein-Losing Nephropathy 1587
Pruritus 1588
Pustular and Crusting Skin Disorders 1589
Respiratory Signs 1590
Red Eye, Acute 1590
Sepsis and Septic Shock 1591
Shock, Hypovolemic 1592
Snakebite 1593
Smoke Inhalation 1593
Syncope 1594
Soft Tissue Sarcoma 1594
Ulcerative and Erosive Dermatoses 1595
Urinary Tract Infection 1596
Upper Airway Obstruction/Choking 1596
Uroabdomen 1597
Uroliths, Oxalate 1598
Uroliths, Struvite 1599
Ventricular Tachycardia: Management 1600
Vomiting 1601
SECTION VI 1603
ABBREVIATIONS 1604
Index 1673

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