Additional Information
Book Details
Abstract
The approach to anesthesia in children poses specific challenges such as acute emotional fear and distress, fluid imbalances, greater risks for dangerous upper respiratory infections, and most importantly, dosing requirements. The guest editors on this issue are the leaders in this field and will collect the best contributors to address new research advances in perioperative and postoperative scenarios, as well as offering best practices for common pediatric procedures.
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Front Cover | Cover | ||
| Vascular Anesthesia\r | i | ||
| Copyright\r | ii | ||
| Contributors | iii | ||
| Contents | v | ||
| Anesthesiology Clinics\r | viii | ||
| Foreword\r | ix | ||
| Preface\r | xi | ||
| Preoperative Evaluation of the Vascular Surgery Patient | 599 | ||
| Key points | 599 | ||
| Introduction | 599 | ||
| Systems-based preoperative evaluation | 600 | ||
| Cardiovascular Assessment | 600 | ||
| Cardiovascular Medications | 602 | ||
| Pulmonary | 606 | ||
| Renal | 607 | ||
| Endocrine | 607 | ||
| Hematologic | 608 | ||
| Neurologic | 609 | ||
| Procedure-specific considerations | 609 | ||
| Carotid Endarterectomy | 609 | ||
| Aortic Aneurysms | 610 | ||
| Lower-Extremity Procedures | 610 | ||
| Overall Risk Assessment | 610 | ||
| Summary and future considerations | 611 | ||
| References | 611 | ||
| Optimal Perioperative Medical Management of the Vascular Surgery Patient | 615 | ||
| Key points | 615 | ||
| Introduction | 615 | ||
| Preoperative management | 615 | ||
| Cardiovascular Evaluation | 616 | ||
| β-Blockers | 617 | ||
| Treatment of Hypertension | 618 | ||
| Statins | 618 | ||
| Smoking Cessation | 619 | ||
| Antiplatelet Drugs | 619 | ||
| Diabetes Mellitus | 620 | ||
| Renal | 620 | ||
| Intraoperative management | 621 | ||
| Monitoring | 621 | ||
| Fluid Management | 621 | ||
| Anemia | 621 | ||
| Carotid Endarterectomies | 622 | ||
| Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms | 623 | ||
| Open abdominal aortic aneurysms | 623 | ||
| Endovascular aneurysm repair | 624 | ||
| Ruptured aneurysms | 624 | ||
| Peripheral Artery Procedures | 624 | ||
| Postoperative management | 625 | ||
| Disposition | 625 | ||
| Cardiovascular Issues | 625 | ||
| Troponin leak | 625 | ||
| β-blockers | 626 | ||
| Neurologic | 626 | ||
| Glycemic Control | 627 | ||
| Renal | 628 | ||
| Pain Management | 629 | ||
| Summary | 630 | ||
| References | 630 | ||
| Regional Anesthesia for Vascular Surgery | 639 | ||
| Key points | 639 | ||
| Introduction | 639 | ||
| General concepts for block performance | 641 | ||
| Patient Preparation | 641 | ||
| Avoiding Complications | 641 | ||
| CEA | 641 | ||
| Cervical Plexus Blockade | 642 | ||
| Equipment | 642 | ||
| Patient preparation | 643 | ||
| Technique best practices | 643 | ||
| Deep cervical plexus block | 643 | ||
| Landmark technique | 643 | ||
| Ultrasound guided | 643 | ||
| Superficial cervical plexus block | 644 | ||
| Perioperative Management of Lower Extremity Revascularization | 661 | ||
| Key points | 661 | ||
| Introduction | 661 | ||
| Peripheral arterial disease | 662 | ||
| Epidemiology | 662 | ||
| Pathophysiology and Risk Factors | 662 | ||
| Current Management | 663 | ||
| Preoperative evaluation | 665 | ||
| Functional Capacity | 666 | ||
| Coexisting Vascular Disease | 666 | ||
| Diabetes Mellitus | 666 | ||
| Hypertension | 666 | ||
| Smoking | 666 | ||
| Intraoperative management | 666 | ||
| Monitoring | 666 | ||
| Anesthetic Considerations | 667 | ||
| Cardiac morbidity and mortality | 667 | ||
| Pulmonary complications | 668 | ||
| Antithrombotic, anticoagulation, and thrombolytic therapy | 669 | ||
| Antiplatelet therapy | 669 | ||
| Unfractionated heparin | 670 | ||
| Thrombolytic therapy | 670 | ||
| Graft patency | 671 | ||
| Postoperative concerns | 672 | ||
| Acute limb ischemia | 672 | ||
| Summary | 674 | ||
| References | 674 | ||
| Intraoperative Management of Carotid Endarterectomy | 677 | ||
| Key points | 677 | ||
| Introduction | 677 | ||
| General versus locoregional anesthesia | 678 | ||
| Induction and maintenance of general anesthesia | 679 | ||
| Carotid cross-clamping and shunting | 681 | ||
| Neurologic monitoring | 682 | ||
| Electroencephalography | 682 | ||
| Evoked Potentials—Somatosensory Evoked Potentials and Motor Evoked Potentials | 684 | ||
| Transcranial Doppler | 686 | ||
| Near-Infrared Spectroscopy | 686 | ||
| Neuromonitoring Conclusion | 689 | ||
| Complications | 690 | ||
| Stroke | 690 | ||
| Carotid Thrombosis | 690 | ||
| Local Hematoma and Infection | 691 | ||
| Cranial Nerve Injury | 691 | ||
| Myocardial Ischemia and Infarction | 691 | ||
| Cerebral Hyperperfusion Syndrome | 692 | ||
| Conclusions and future developments | 693 | ||
| References | 693 | ||
| Perioperative Management of Combined Carotid and Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Procedures | 699 | ||
| Key points | 699 | ||
| Introduction | 699 | ||
| Perioperative stroke risk in coronary artery bypass graft | 700 | ||
| Cause of Perioperative Stroke After CABG | 701 | ||
| Risk Factors for Perioperative Stroke with CABG | 701 | ||
| Carotid Disease and Perioperative Stroke Risk with CABG | 702 | ||
| Screening for Carotid Disease | 702 | ||
| Carotid Disease as a Marker of Risk Versus Source of Morbidity | 704 | ||
| Surgical treatment strategies | 705 | ||
| Options for Intervention | 705 | ||
| Overall Complication Rates by Type of Intervention | 705 | ||
| Patient Selection for Combined or Staged Procedures | 706 | ||
| Method of carotid revascularization | 708 | ||
| Perioperative management | 709 | ||
| Anesthetic Considerations | 709 | ||
| Preoperative Management | 709 | ||
| Medical optimization | 709 | ||
| Control of hypertension | 709 | ||
| Beta-blocker therapy | 710 | ||
| Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors | 710 | ||
| Statin therapy | 710 | ||
| Antiplatelet therapy | 711 | ||
| Intraoperative Management | 711 | ||
| Hemodynamic management goals | 711 | ||
| EKG monitoring | 712 | ||
| Hemodynamic monitoring | 713 | ||
| TEE | 713 | ||
| Epiaortic scanning of the ascending aorta | 713 | ||
| Cerebral monitoring | 713 | ||
| Electrophysiologic monitoring | 714 | ||
| TCD | 714 | ||
| Cerebral oximetry | 715 | ||
| Processed EEG | 715 | ||
| Intensive Care Unit Considerations | 715 | ||
| Postoperative stroke and MI | 715 | ||
| Cerebral hyperemia/cerebral hyperperfusion syndrome | 715 | ||
| Bleeding | 716 | ||
| Summary | 716 | ||
| References | 716 | ||
| Considerations for Patients Undergoing Endovascular Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Repair | 723 | ||
| Key points | 723 | ||
| Introduction | 723 | ||
| Indications | 724 | ||
| Contraindications | 725 | ||
| Patient preparation | 725 | ||
| Technique best practices | 726 | ||
| Procedure | 726 | ||
| Additional Advanced Endovascular Techniques | 726 | ||
| Intraoperative Management | 728 | ||
| Radiation safety | 728 | ||
| Renal protection | 728 | ||
| Hemodynamic monitoring | 728 | ||
| Anesthesia | 729 | ||
| Postprocedure care | 730 | ||
| Complications | 730 | ||
| Endoleak | 730 | ||
| Access Site-Related Complications | 730 | ||
| Colonic Ischemia | 731 | ||
| Spinal Cord Ischemia | 731 | ||
| Contrast-Induced Nephropathy | 731 | ||
| Post–Stent Implantation Syndrome | 731 | ||
| Future considerations/summary | 732 | ||
| References | 732 | ||
| Postoperative ICU Management of Vascular Surgery Patients | 735 | ||
| Key points | 735 | ||
| Introduction | 735 | ||
| Aortic aneurysms | 736 | ||
| Descending Thoracic Aneurysms and TAAAs: Open Repair | 736 | ||
| Pulmonary complications | 737 | ||
| Renal complications | 739 | ||
| Neurologic complications | 739 | ||
| Spinal cord ischemia | 739 | ||
| Cerebrovascular vascular accident | 741 | ||
| Cardiovascular complications | 741 | ||
| Hematologic complications | 742 | ||
| Gastrointestinal complications | 742 | ||
| Descending Thoracic Aneurysms and TAAAs: Endovascular Repair | 743 | ||
| AAA: Open Repair | 745 | ||
| Pulmonary complications | 745 | ||
| Cardiovascular complications | 746 | ||
| Myocardial infarction | 746 | ||
| Postoperative hemorrhage | 746 | ||
| Lower extremity ischemia | 746 | ||
| Gastrointestinal complications | 746 | ||
| Ileus | 746 | ||
| Pancreatitis and cholecystitis | 747 | ||
| Ischemic colitis | 747 | ||
| Abdominal compartment syndrome | 747 | ||
| Renal complications | 747 | ||
| AKI | 747 | ||
| AAA: Endovascular Aortic Repair | 747 | ||
| Arterial occlusive disease | 748 | ||
| Carotid Artery Stenosis | 748 | ||
| Neurologic complications | 748 | ||
| Stroke (CVA) | 748 | ||
| Cerebral hyperperfusion syndrome | 749 | ||
| Cranial nerve injury | 749 | ||
| Cardiac complications | 749 | ||
| Myocardial ischemia | 749 | ||
| Postoperative hypertension | 749 | ||
| Postoperative hypotension | 749 | ||
| Pulmonary complications | 750 | ||
| PAD | 750 | ||
| Summary | 750 | ||
| References | 751 | ||
| Index | 759 |