BOOK
Adolescent Medicine, An Issue of Primary Care: Clinics in Office Practice, E-Book
(2014)
Additional Information
Book Details
Abstract
This issue of Primary Care: Clinics in Office Practice, devoted to Adolescent Medicine, is edited by Drs. William B. Shore, Francesco Leanza, and Nicole Chaisson. Articles in this issue include: Health Care Maintenance for Adolescents; Adolescent Growth and Development; Puberty; Current Concepts of Psychosocial Development; Body Image and Health: Eating Disorders and Obesity; Working with Families with Adolescents; Care for Adolescents with Developmental Delay; Sports Medicine; Sports Injuries; Teens and Technology; Care of Incarcerated Youth; Mental Illness in Adolescence; Substance Use/Abuse; Current Approach to Contraception and Pregnancy; Oral/Hormonal Contraception; Sexually Transmitted Infections; Teen Sexuality and GLBT Youth; and Bullying and Violence Prevention.
Table of Contents
Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
---|---|---|---|
Front Cover | Cover | ||
Adolescent Medicine | i | ||
Copyright | ii | ||
Contributors | iii | ||
Contents | vii | ||
Primary Care:\rClinics In Office Practice | xii | ||
Foreword | xiii | ||
Preface | xv | ||
Adolescent Health Care Maintenance in a Teen-Friendly Clinic | 451 | ||
Key points | 451 | ||
Caring for teens in the primary care setting | 451 | ||
Communication with Teens and Their Families | 451 | ||
Systems/Structure | 452 | ||
Minor consent and confidentiality | 453 | ||
Strengths and resiliency | 454 | ||
Assessing risk factors | 454 | ||
Psychosocial screening tools | 454 | ||
Health maintenance and screening | 455 | ||
Immunizations | 459 | ||
Summary | 461 | ||
References | 462 | ||
Adolescent Growth and Development | 465 | ||
Key points | 465 | ||
Introduction | 465 | ||
Physical growth and development | 466 | ||
Neuroendocrine Basis of Puberty | 466 | ||
Hypothalamic Pituitary-Gonadal Axis | 467 | ||
Adrenal Gland Changes | 467 | ||
Growth Hormone Axes | 467 | ||
Physical changes of puberty | 467 | ||
Development of Secondary Sexual Characteristics | 467 | ||
Height Growth | 469 | ||
Body Composition | 471 | ||
Approach to Normal Pubertal Variations and Abnormal Pubertal Growth and Development | 471 | ||
Normal pubertal variations | 474 | ||
Premature Adrenarche and Premature Thelarche | 474 | ||
Abnormal growth and development | 476 | ||
Precocious Puberty | 476 | ||
Delayed Puberty | 477 | ||
Short Stature | 480 | ||
Tall Stature | 481 | ||
Psychosocial growth and development | 481 | ||
Developmental tasks and phases of adolescence | 482 | ||
Cognitive development | 482 | ||
Moral development | 482 | ||
Self-concept and identity development | 482 | ||
Relationship development | 483 | ||
Adolescence as a social phenomenon: When does adolescence end? | 483 | ||
References | 483 | ||
Parents and Family Matter | 489 | ||
Key points | 489 | ||
Introduction | 490 | ||
Why parents and family matter for adolescents | 491 | ||
How Do Community and Neighborhood Factors Affect Parenting Practices and Ultimately Adolescent Health? | 492 | ||
Optimizing primary care to meet the needs of adolescents and their families | 493 | ||
The Current Status | 493 | ||
Primary Care for Adolescents with Developmental Disabilities | 507 | ||
Key points | 507 | ||
Introduction | 507 | ||
Definition of Developmental Disability | 507 | ||
Barriers to Accessing Care | 508 | ||
Interdisciplinary Team | 509 | ||
Examination Room Etiquette | 509 | ||
Assessment | 510 | ||
Diagnostic Assessment | 510 | ||
Developing Strengths | 510 | ||
Adaptive Behavior | 510 | ||
Communication | 510 | ||
Establishing goals of care | 511 | ||
Transition planning (patient centered) | 512 | ||
Medical Summary | 512 | ||
Health Passport | 512 | ||
Documentation | 512 | ||
Maximizing Social Environment | 513 | ||
Maximizing Physical Environment | 513 | ||
Improving Function-building Life Skills | 513 | ||
Self-determination | 514 | ||
Prevention of Abuse and Neglect | 514 | ||
Bullying | 515 | ||
Isolation/Seclusion | 515 | ||
Navigating puberty | 515 | ||
Changing Roles | 515 | ||
Family Adjustment: Acceptance | 515 | ||
Sexuality | 515 | ||
Accessing Service Systems | 516 | ||
Person-centered Planning | 516 | ||
Monitoring health and safety | 516 | ||
Care Management | 516 | ||
Circles of Support | 516 | ||
Crisis Intervention | 516 | ||
Estate Planning | 517 | ||
Summary | 517 | ||
Acknowledgments | 517 | ||
References | 517 | ||
Body Image and Health | 519 | ||
Key points | 519 | ||
Introduction | 519 | ||
Assessing eating behavior and activity in adolescents | 520 | ||
The psychosocial context of eating behavior | 524 | ||
Adolescent obesity screening, treatment, and referrals | 525 | ||
Screening | 526 | ||
Treatment | 526 | ||
Referrals | 528 | ||
Adolescent eating disorders screening and referrals | 528 | ||
Screening and Diagnosis | 530 | ||
Treatment | 532 | ||
Summary | 534 | ||
References | 535 | ||
Common Issues Encountered in Adolescent Sports Medicine | 539 | ||
Key points | 539 | ||
Introduction | 539 | ||
Preparticipation Cardiac Screening | 540 | ||
Cardiac Physical Examination | 541 | ||
Electrocardiogram | 542 | ||
Sudden cardiac death | 543 | ||
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy | 543 | ||
Preparticipation Concussion Screening | 544 | ||
Acute Concussion Diagnosis and Management | 545 | ||
Recovery | 547 | ||
Preparticipation Evaluation of Musculoskeletal Injuries | 550 | ||
Traumatic Shoulder Injury | 550 | ||
Nontraumatic Shoulder Injury | 551 | ||
Anterior Knee Pain | 552 | ||
Anterior Cruciate Ligament | 554 | ||
The Adolescent Spine | 554 | ||
Clearance to play | 555 | ||
Summary | 556 | ||
References | 557 | ||
Teens, Technology, and Health Care | 559 | ||
Key points | 559 | ||
Introduction | 559 | ||
Health Information Seeking Among Teens | 560 | ||
Use of Technology for Health Care Engagement and Promotion Among Teens | 560 | ||
Tools to Manage Chronic Illness | 562 | ||
Sexual and reproductive health | 563 | ||
Summary | 564 | ||
References | 565 | ||
Adolescent Substance Involvement Use and Abuse | 567 | ||
Key points | 567 | ||
Introduction | 567 | ||
Risk and protective factors: vulnerability to SUDs | 568 | ||
Prevalence/Incidence | 569 | ||
Impact of substance use on adolescent health | 569 | ||
Substances of abuse | 570 | ||
Screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment: a framework for addressing adolescent substance use | 571 | ||
Screening | 571 | ||
Tobacco Use: Special Considerations | 577 | ||
Screening for Alcohol and Other Drugs of Abuse | 577 | ||
Brief Intervention | 578 | ||
Referral to Treatment | 582 | ||
The Facilitated Referral | 583 | ||
References | 583 | ||
Mood Disorders in Adolescents | 587 | ||
Key points | 587 | ||
Introduction | 587 | ||
Epidemiology and comorbidity | 588 | ||
Risk factors | 588 | ||
Recognizing symptoms of mood disorders in adolescents | 589 | ||
Mental Status Examination | 590 | ||
Screening and assessment | 590 | ||
Depression Screening | 590 | ||
BD Screening | 594 | ||
Assessment of Mood Disorders | 594 | ||
Suicide | 596 | ||
Demographics | 596 | ||
Risk Factors | 596 | ||
Suicide Warning Signs and Assessment | 597 | ||
Treatment | 598 | ||
Psychosocial Interventions | 598 | ||
Pharmacologic Interventions | 599 | ||
Educating Families and Obtaining Consent | 600 | ||
Referral to Mental Health Services | 600 | ||
Case | 601 | ||
Summary | 601 | ||
References | 602 | ||
Adolescent Pregnancy and Contraception | 607 | ||
Key points | 607 | ||
Case study | 607 | ||
Introduction | 607 | ||
Confidentiality, reproductive health, and the adolescent patient | 609 | ||
Caring for the pregnant adolescent | 609 | ||
Diagnosis and Screening | 609 | ||
Pregnancy Options Counseling | 610 | ||
Health Risks of Adolescent Pregnancy | 611 | ||
Psychosocial Consequences | 611 | ||
Improving Outcomes for Pregnant Adolescents | 612 | ||
Pregnancy Prevention | 612 | ||
First-line contraceptives for adolescents | 613 | ||
When Can LARC Methods Be Initiated? | 614 | ||
Contraceptive implant | 614 | ||
Trouble-Shooting | 620 | ||
Levonorgestrel IUD | 620 | ||
Copper IUD | 621 | ||
Trouble-Shooting IUDs | 621 | ||
Second-line contraceptives | 621 | ||
Depo-Medroxyprogesterone Acetate | 621 | ||
Trouble-shooting | 623 | ||
Combined Hormonal Contraception (Pills, Patch, Ring) | 623 | ||
Trouble-shooting | 624 | ||
Progestin-Only Pills | 624 | ||
Emergency contraception | 624 | ||
Dual methods | 625 | ||
Summary | 625 | ||
References | 625 | ||
Common Sexually Transmitted Infections in Adolescents | 631 | ||
Key points | 631 | ||
General background | 631 | ||
Special Considerations | 632 | ||
STI prevention programs | 632 | ||
Expedited partner therapy | 632 | ||
Condom use | 633 | ||
Confidentiality | 633 | ||
Circumcision | 633 | ||
Health education | 634 | ||
Most common bacterial infections | 634 | ||
Chlamydia | 634 | ||
Organism/Transmission/Epidemiology | 634 | ||
Screening | 634 | ||
Symptoms | 634 | ||
Diagnosis | 635 | ||
Management | 635 | ||
Gonorrhea | 635 | ||
Organism/Transmission/Epidemiology | 635 | ||
Screening | 635 | ||
Symptoms | 638 | ||
Complications | 638 | ||
Diagnosis | 638 | ||
Management | 638 | ||
Syphilis | 639 | ||
Organism/Transmission/Epidemiology | 639 | ||
Screening | 639 | ||
Symptoms | 639 | ||
Early syphilis | 639 | ||
Late syphilis | 640 | ||
Diagnosis | 640 | ||
Management | 640 | ||
Special considerations/specific counseling points | 641 | ||
Trichomonas Vaginalis | 641 | ||
Organism/Transmission/Epidemiology | 641 | ||
Screening | 641 | ||
Symptoms | 641 | ||
Complications | 641 | ||
Diagnosis | 641 | ||
Management | 641 | ||
Preferred treatment | 642 | ||
Special considerations | 642 | ||
Most common viral infections | 642 | ||
Human Papillomavirus | 642 | ||
Organism/Transmission/Epidemiology | 642 | ||
Screening | 642 | ||
Symptoms | 642 | ||
Diagnosis | 642 | ||
Management | 642 | ||
Vaccination | 643 | ||
Special considerations | 643 | ||
Genital Herpes | 643 | ||
Organism/Transmission/Epidemiology | 643 | ||
Screening | 643 | ||
Symptoms | 644 | ||
Diagnosis | 644 | ||
Management | 644 | ||
Human Immunodeficiency Virus | 645 | ||
Organism/Transmission/Epidemiology | 645 | ||
Screening | 645 | ||
Symptoms | 645 | ||
Diagnosis | 646 | ||
Management | 646 | ||
Special considerations | 646 | ||
Summary | 647 | ||
References | 647 | ||
Sexual Minority Youth | 651 | ||
Key points | 651 | ||
Introduction | 651 | ||
LGBT terminology | 652 | ||
Sexuality constructs | 655 | ||
Cause of sexual orientation and gender identity | 656 | ||
LGBT prevalence | 656 | ||
Mental health | 656 | ||
The Psychosocial Factors | 656 | ||
Coming Out | 657 | ||
The Environmental Factors | 657 | ||
Gender Variant Youth | 658 | ||
Medical primary care | 658 | ||
Health Maintenance | 659 | ||
Body Image | 659 | ||
Emotional Well-Being | 659 | ||
Academic Concerns | 660 | ||
Substance Use | 660 | ||
Violence and Injury Prevention | 660 | ||
Gay and bisexual men’s sexual health | 660 | ||
Lesbian sexual health | 662 | ||
Gender variant youth | 662 | ||
Primary Care | 662 | ||
Gender-Affirming Therapies for Transgender Youth | 663 | ||
Prepubertal children | 663 | ||
Puberty blocking agents | 663 | ||
Cross-gender hormones | 663 | ||
Surgical treatments | 664 | ||
Summary | 664 | ||
References | 665 | ||
Adolescent Interpersonal Violence | 671 | ||
Key points | 671 | ||
Introduction | 671 | ||
Adolescent violence involvement: scope of the problem | 672 | ||
Risk and protective factors for adolescent violence involvement | 673 | ||
Risk Factors for Adolescent Violence Involvement | 673 | ||
Protective Factors Against Adolescent Violence Involvement | 675 | ||
Resilience | 675 | ||
Two contexts of adolescent violence and violence-related behaviors: bullying and dating | 676 | ||
Adolescent Bullying Involvement | 676 | ||
Definition of bullying | 676 | ||
Risk and protective factors for adolescent bullying involvement | 676 | ||
Adolescent bullying involvement and other forms of adolescent violence | 677 | ||
Consequences of adolescent bullying involvement | 678 | ||
Adolescent Dating/Relationship Violence | 678 | ||
Definition of adolescent dating/relationship violence | 678 | ||
Risk and protective factors for adolescent dating/relationship violence | 679 | ||
Adolescent dating/relationship violence and other forms of adolescent violence | 680 | ||
Consequences of adolescent dating/relationship violence | 680 | ||
Adolescent violence involvement: implications for primary office practice | 680 | ||
Importance of Screening | 680 | ||
Preparing the Office Setting | 685 | ||
Advocacy Outside of the Office | 686 | ||
Summary | 686 | ||
References | 686 | ||
Health Care for Youth Involved with the Correctional System | 691 | ||
Key points | 691 | ||
Introduction | 691 | ||
Demographics | 691 | ||
Juvenile justice process | 692 | ||
Health care services in detention facilities | 692 | ||
Health of detained youth and goals for care in detention | 693 | ||
Immunizations | 693 | ||
Chronic Illnesses | 694 | ||
Sexual and Reproductive Health Issues | 694 | ||
General Health Complaints | 695 | ||
Mental Health Issues and Suicidality | 695 | ||
Substance Use and Abuse | 696 | ||
Special populations | 696 | ||
Girls | 696 | ||
Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, or Transgender Youth | 697 | ||
Selected relevant biological and congenital genetic disorders | 698 | ||
Klinefelter Syndrome | 698 | ||
Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders | 698 | ||
Challenges to care | 699 | ||
Follow-up care considerations | 701 | ||
Summary | 702 | ||
References | 702 | ||
Index | 707 |