BOOK
Local and Regional Flaps of the Head and Neck, An Issue of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinics of North America, E-Book
(2014)
Additional Information
Book Details
Abstract
Editors Din Lam and Robert Strauss review important areas in Local and Regional Flaps of the Head and Neck. Articles will include: Basic flap design, Palatal island flap, Tongue flap, Facial artery musculomucosal flap /Nasolabial flap, Lip reconstruction, Temporalis system, Submental island flap, Platysmal flap, Cervicofacial flap, Paramedian flap, Supraclavicular/Trapezius system, Pectoralis flap, Latissiums Dorsi flaps, and more!
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Front Cover | Cover | ||
| Local and Regional Flaps of the Head and Neck\r | i | ||
| Copyright\r | ii | ||
| Contributors\r | iii | ||
| Contents\r | vii | ||
| Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery Clinics Of North America\r | x | ||
| Preface\r | xi | ||
| Basic Flap Design | 277 | ||
| Key points | 277 | ||
| History | 277 | ||
| Physiologic characteristics of skin | 277 | ||
| Preoperative considerations | 278 | ||
| Flap nomenclature | 279 | ||
| Local flaps | 280 | ||
| Advancement Flaps | 280 | ||
| Rotation Flaps | 285 | ||
| Transposition Flaps | 289 | ||
| Interpolated Flaps | 296 | ||
| Complications | 301 | ||
| Summary | 303 | ||
| References | 303 | ||
| Palatal Flap | 305 | ||
| Key points | 305 | ||
| Introduction | 305 | ||
| Anatomy | 305 | ||
| Indications and contraindications | 306 | ||
| Technique | 306 | ||
| Modifications | 307 | ||
| Random rotation-advancement flap | 307 | ||
| Submucosal modification | 308 | ||
| Palatal flap for skull-based defects | 308 | ||
| Complications | 310 | ||
| Discussion | 310 | ||
| References | 310 | ||
| Tongue Flaps | 313 | ||
| Key points | 313 | ||
| Introduction and history | 313 | ||
| Applied surgical anatomy | 314 | ||
| Indications, contraindications, alternatives | 315 | ||
| Indications | 315 | ||
| Contraindications | 316 | ||
| Alternatives | 317 | ||
| Anesthetic implications of tongue flap surgery | 317 | ||
| Surgical procedures | 318 | ||
| Dorsal Tongue Flap | 318 | ||
| Ventral Tongue Flap | 319 | ||
| Double- and Single-Door Tongue Flaps | 320 | ||
| Lateral Tongue Flap | 321 | ||
| Sliding and Island Tongue Flaps | 321 | ||
| Median Transit Tongue Flap | 322 | ||
| Complications | 322 | ||
| Summary | 323 | ||
| References | 323 | ||
| Maxillofacial Reconstruction with Nasolabial and Facial Artery Musculomucosal Flaps | 327 | ||
| Key points | 327 | ||
| Introduction | 327 | ||
| Nasolabial flap | 327 | ||
| Indications and Contraindications | 328 | ||
| Surgical Procedure | 328 | ||
| Preoperative planning and preparation | 328 | ||
| Inferiorly based flap | 329 | ||
| Surgical Procedure | 329 | ||
| Complications | 330 | ||
| Current Controversies/Future Considerations | 330 | ||
| The FAMM flap | 330 | ||
| Indications/Contraindications | 330 | ||
| Surgical Procedure | 330 | ||
| Preoperative planning | 330 | ||
| Preparation | 330 | ||
| Inferiorly based flap | 331 | ||
| Superiorly based flap | 332 | ||
| Complications | 332 | ||
| Current Controversies | 332 | ||
| Summary | 332 | ||
| References | 332 | ||
| Lip Reconstruction | 335 | ||
| Key points | 335 | ||
| Introduction | 335 | ||
| History | 335 | ||
| Anatomic considerations | 336 | ||
| Pathology and epidemiology | 337 | ||
| General considerations | 338 | ||
| Functional and esthetic considerations | 338 | ||
| Reconstructive strategies of upper and lower lips | 339 | ||
| Vermilion Defects | 339 | ||
| Healing by secondary intention | 339 | ||
| Primary closure | 339 | ||
| Mucosal V-Y advancement | 340 | ||
| Mucosal advancement flap | 340 | ||
| Mucosal cross lip flap | 341 | ||
| Partial-Thickness Defect | 342 | ||
| Primary closure | 342 | ||
| Island advancement flap | 343 | ||
| Full-Thickness Defect | 344 | ||
| Small full-thickness defects: primary closure | 344 | ||
| Medium full-thickness defects of lip | 346 | ||
| (I.A) Abbe flap | 347 | ||
| (I.B) Estlander | 348 | ||
| (I.C) | 348 | ||
| (II.A) Bilateral lip advancement | 348 | ||
| (II.B) Stair step design | 349 | ||
| (II.C) Gillies fan flap | 349 | ||
| (II.D) McGregor flap | 351 | ||
| (II.E) Karapandzic flap | 351 | ||
| Large full-thickness defect | 352 | ||
| Bilateral cheek advancement flaps (Bernard–von Burow) | 352 | ||
| Webster technique | 352 | ||
| Distant flap | 352 | ||
| Microvascular reconstruction | 352 | ||
| Commissuroplasty | 353 | ||
| Summary | 354 | ||
| References | 354 | ||
| The Temporalis Muscle Flap and Temporoparietal Fascial Flap | 359 | ||
| Key points | 359 | ||
| Introduction | 359 | ||
| Anatomy | 359 | ||
| Indications/Contraindications | 360 | ||
| Preoperative assessment | 361 | ||
| Temporalis muscle flap technique | 361 | ||
| Oral Reconstruction | 361 | ||
| Facial Reanimation Surgery | 363 | ||
| Midfacial Augmentation | 363 | ||
| Composite Flap | 364 | ||
| Complications | 364 | ||
| Flap Necrosis | 365 | ||
| Temporal Hollowing | 365 | ||
| Facial Nerve Injury | 365 | ||
| Restricted Mouth Opening | 365 | ||
| Temporoparietal fascial flap technique | 365 | ||
| Auricular Reconstruction | 366 | ||
| Orbitomaxillary Reconstruction | 366 | ||
| Oral Cavity Reconstruction | 366 | ||
| Additional considerations | 367 | ||
| Extending Pedicle Length | 367 | ||
| Composite Flap | 367 | ||
| Endoscopically Assisted Flap Harvesting | 367 | ||
| Complications | 367 | ||
| Flap Necrosis | 367 | ||
| Alopecia | 368 | ||
| Post-operative management | 368 | ||
| Summary | 368 | ||
| References | 368 | ||
| Submental Island Flap | 371 | ||
| Key points | 371 | ||
| Introduction | 371 | ||
| Flap specifications | 371 | ||
| Anatomy | 372 | ||
| Uses of the submental island flap | 372 | ||
| Contraindications | 372 | ||
| Preoperative considerations | 373 | ||
| Procedure | 373 | ||
| Patient Preparation and Positioning | 373 | ||
| Surgical Technique | 373 | ||
| Step 1: identify the location of perforator vessels using a Doppler | 373 | ||
| Step 2: plan the skin flap | 373 | ||
| Step 3: make inferior incision and elevate subplatysmal skin flaps to expose up to the digastric tendon | 374 | ||
| Step 4: identify vascular pedicle in submandibular triangle | 375 | ||
| Step 5: make superior incision and identify the facial vessels and marginal mandibular nerve | 375 | ||
| Step 6: begin elevating the skin paddle from distal to proximal | 375 | ||
| Step 7: divide the attachments of the anterior belly of the digastric muscle | 375 | ||
| Step 8: complete elevation of the flap from distal | 375 | ||
| Step 9: create a tunnel | 376 | ||
| Step 10: closure | 376 | ||
| Step 11: tracheostomy, if indicated | 376 | ||
| Variations in technique | 377 | ||
| Reverse Flow Venous Drainage via the External Jugular Vein | 377 | ||
| Retrograde Flow Artery and Reverse Flow Venous Drainage | 377 | ||
| Hybrid Flap | 377 | ||
| Free Flap | 377 | ||
| Postoperative care | 377 | ||
| Complications | 378 | ||
| Future considerations | 378 | ||
| Summary | 378 | ||
| References | 378 | ||
| The Platysma Myocutaneous Flap | 381 | ||
| Key points | 381 | ||
| Anatomy | 382 | ||
| Posteriorly based platysma flap | 383 | ||
| Surgical technique for the posteriorly based flap | 384 | ||
| Superiorly based platysma flap | 384 | ||
| Surgical technique | 384 | ||
| Discussion | 385 | ||
| Surgical principles to follow during flap development | 386 | ||
| References | 386 | ||
| The Use of Cervicofacial Flap in Maxillofacial Reconstruction | 389 | ||
| Key points | 389 | ||
| Introduction | 389 | ||
| Indications | 390 | ||
| Contraindications | 390 | ||
| Anatomy | 391 | ||
| The Cheek | 391 | ||
| SMAS | 391 | ||
| Flap Anatomy | 391 | ||
| Arterial supply | 391 | ||
| Venous drainage | 391 | ||
| Innervation | 391 | ||
| Preoperative planning | 392 | ||
| Patient Evaluation | 392 | ||
| Local | 392 | ||
| Systemic | 392 | ||
| Procedure | 392 | ||
| Preparation and Positioning | 392 | ||
| Technique | 392 | ||
| Incision and design | 392 | ||
| Dissection | 393 | ||
| Closure | 394 | ||
| Modifications | 394 | ||
| Increased Arc of Rotation | 394 | ||
| Dissection in the Facial Portion of the Flap: Subcutaneous Versus Sub-SMAS | 394 | ||
| Reverse CF Flap | 394 | ||
| Technique for Temporofrontal Defects | 395 | ||
| Orbital Exenteration | 396 | ||
| Postoperative care | 396 | ||
| Complications | 396 | ||
| Discussion | 398 | ||
| References | 399 | ||
| Paramedian Forehead Flap | 401 | ||
| Key points | 401 | ||
| Introduction | 401 | ||
| Indications/Contraindications | 402 | ||
| Technique/Procedure | 402 | ||
| Preoperative Planning | 402 | ||
| Anatomic Considerations | 403 | ||
| Surgical procedure | 404 | ||
| Surgical Armamentarium | 404 | ||
| Preoperative Preparation | 404 | ||
| Recipient Site Preparation | 405 | ||
| Flap Harvesting | 405 | ||
| Flap Insertion | 405 | ||
| Closing | 405 | ||
| Second Stage Procedure | 406 | ||
| Postoperative care | 406 | ||
| Additional considerations | 407 | ||
| Possible complications and management | 407 | ||
| Clinical results in the literature | 408 | ||
| Summary | 409 | ||
| References | 409 | ||
| The Supraclavicular Artery Island and Trapezius Myocutaneous Flaps in Head and Neck Reconstruction | 411 | ||
| Key points | 411 | ||
| Supraclavicular artery island flap | 412 | ||
| History | 412 | ||
| Anatomy | 412 | ||
| Indications | 412 | ||
| Imaging | 412 | ||
| Technique | 413 | ||
| Case Example | 414 | ||
| Pectoralis Major Myocutaneous Flap | 421 | ||
| Key points | 421 | ||
| Introduction | 421 | ||
| Preoperative considerations | 422 | ||
| Treatment Sequence | 422 | ||
| Arc of Rotation of the Flap | 422 | ||
| Potential Contraindications | 422 | ||
| Surgical anatomy | 422 | ||
| Surgical technique of the PMMC flap | 423 | ||
| Discussion | 425 | ||
| Summary | 426 | ||
| References | 426 | ||
| The Pedicled Latissimus Dorsi Myocutaneous Flap in Head and Neck Reconstruction | 427 | ||
| Key points | 427 | ||
| Introduction | 427 | ||
| Preoperative considerations | 427 | ||
| Regional anatomy | 428 | ||
| Neurovascular anatomy | 429 | ||
| Surgical development of the pedicled latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap | 429 | ||
| Patient Positioning | 429 | ||
| Flap Design | 429 | ||
| Surface anatomy | 429 | ||
| Arc of rotation of the flap | 430 | ||
| Surgical procedure | 430 | ||
| Initial Incision | 430 | ||
| Pedicle Identification | 430 | ||
| Skin Paddle Development | 431 | ||
| Muscular Incision | 431 | ||
| Axillary Dissection | 431 | ||
| Mobilization | 431 | ||
| Tunneling | 432 | ||
| Interpectoral tunnel | 432 | ||
| Subcutaneous tunnel | 432 | ||
| Postoperative management | 432 | ||
| Complications | 433 | ||
| Intraoperative Complications | 433 | ||
| Postoperative Complications | 433 | ||
| Donor site | 433 | ||
| Flap success rate | 433 | ||
| Summary | 434 | ||
| References | 434 | ||
| Index | 435 |