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Volume 45, Issue 3, An Issue of Orthopedic Clinics, E-Book

Volume 45, Issue 3, An Issue of Orthopedic Clinics, E-Book

Asif M. Ilyas

(2014)

Additional Information

Abstract

Each issue of Orthopedic Clinics offers clinical review articles on the most cutting edge technologies, techniques, and more in the field. Major topic areas include: adult reconstruction, upper extremity, pediatrics, trauma, oncology, hand, foot and ankle.

Table of Contents

Section Title Page Action Price
Front Cover Cover
Orthopedic Clinics\rOf North America\r i
Copyright\r ii
Orthopedic Clinics Of North America\r v
Contributors vii
Contents xi
Preface\r xv
Component Selection in Revision Total Hip Arthroplasty 275
Key points 275
Introduction 275
Revision femoral components 276
Bone Loss Classification 276
Fully Porous Coated Cylindrical Stems 276
Modular Tapered Stems 276
Allograft-Prosthetic Composite 276
PFR 276
Custom Stems 277
Revision acetabular components 277
Bone Loss Classification 277
Revision Acetabular Cups 278
Acetabular Augments 278
Cages 280
Custom Implants 280
Head and liners 280
Head Size Choice for Revision 281
Elevated Liners 281
Dual Mobility Liners 281
Constrained Liners 281
Summary 283
References 283
Current and Future Trends in the Diagnosis of Periprosthetic Hip Infection 287
Key points 287
Introduction 287
Clinical examination 288
Intraoperative evaluation for a prosthetic joint infection 290
Summary 291
References 292
Trauma xvii
Techniques for the Surgical Treatment of Distal Tibia Fractures 295
Key points 295
Anatomy 295
Classification 296
Presentation and initial management 296
Radiography/imaging 296
Nonoperative management 297
Operative management 297
IMN 297
Biomechanics 297
Indications 298
Operative Technique 298
Approach 299
Choice of Implant 300
Distal Locking Screws 301
Blocking (Poller) Screws 302
Fibular Fixation 302
Complications 304
Plate fixation: open 304
Indications 304
Operative Technique 304
Anteromedial Approach 305
Anterolateral Approach 305
Posterolateral Approach 305
Direct Lateral Approach 306
Complications 307
Minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis 307
Indications 307
Operative Technique 307
Types of Plates Used in MIPO 308
Outcomes 308
Complications 308
External fixation 309
Postoperative management 310
Summary 310
References 310
Pediatrics Orthopedics xix
References xx
Assessment and Treatment of Children with Cerebral Palsy 313
Key points 313
Introduction 313
Classification 314
Assessment 314
Hips 314
Knees 317
Feet 318
Spine 319
Summary 322
References 322
Elbow Fractures and Dislocations 327
Key points 327
Introduction 327
Supracondylar humerus fractures 327
Intraarticular humerus fractures 331
Apophyseal elbow injuries 334
Elbow dislocations 335
Proximal radius and ulna fractures 336
Monteggia fractures 337
Summary 338
References 338
Evidence-based Management of Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip 341
Key points 341
Introduction 341
Pavlik harness 341
Summary 343
Closed reduction 343
Summary 344
Open reduction 344
Summary 345
Pelvic osteotomies 348
Summary 349
Femoral osteotomies 349
Summary 350
References 350
Upper Extremity xxi
The Thrower’s Elbow 355
Key points 355
Introduction 355
Functional anatomy 355
Biomechanics of throwing 357
Developmental changes of the elbow 357
Pathophysiology of elbow injuries 358
History and physical examination 359
Imaging modalities 360
Ulnar collateral ligament injuries 361
Nonoperative Treatment 361
Operative Treatment 361
Ulnar neuropathy 365
Nonoperative Treatment 366
Operative Treatment 366
Flexor-pronator injury 367
Medial epicondyle avulsion or apophysitis 368
Valgus extension overload syndrome 368
Nonoperative Treatment 369
Operative Treatment 369
Olecranon stress fracture 369
Shoulder Instability in Older Patients 377
Key points 377
Incidence 377
Recurrence 377
Mechanism of shoulder instability 378
Anterior Mechanism for Anterior Instability 378
Posterior Mechanism for Anterior Instability 378
Associated injuries 378
RCT 378
Anteroinferior Labral (eg, Bankart) Lesions 378
Humeral Fractures 378
Glenoid Fractures 379
Neurologic Injuries 379
Combined Neurologic Injury and RCT 379
Vascular Injuries 379
Acute Anterior Dislocation 380
Initial treatment 380
Definitive treatment 380
Surgical Treatment 380
Glenoid Osseous Deficiency 381
Humeral Fractures 381
Posterior Instability 382
Chronic Anterior Dislocation 383
Summary 384
References 384
The Thrower’s Shoulder 387
Key points 387
Introduction 387
The act of throwing 388
Humeral retroversion 388
Pathomechanics 389
Anterior Capsule 389
Posterior Capsular Contracture 389
Biomechanical Consequences of GIRD 390
Scapular Dyskinesis 391
Origins of Dyskinesis 391
Effects of Excessive Protraction 392
Kinetic chain breakdown 392
Diagnosis of cuff and labral injury in the thrower 392
History 392
Examination 393
Imaging 394
Nonoperative Treatment 394
Surgery 395
Principles of Surgery 395
Rehabilitation 397
Prevention 397
References 398
Oncology xxiii
Use of Bisphosphonates in Orthopedic Surgery 403
Key points 403
Introduction 403
Mechanism of action 404
Indications 405
Osteoporosis 405
Osteoporosis in Men and Glucocorticoid Use 406
Metastatic disease to bone 408
Pain and Pathologic Fractures in Oncologic Patients 408
Neoplastic Hypercalcemia 409
Paget disease 409
OI 409
Osteolysis in arthroplasty 410
Pediatric disorders 411
Osteoporosis in Children 411
Fibrous Dysplasia and McCune-Albright Syndrome 412
Legg-Calvé-Perthes 412
Summary 413
References 413
Five Polyostotic Conditions That General Orthopedic Surgeons Should Recognize (or Should Not Miss) 417
Key points 417
Multiple enchondromatosis (Ollier disease and Maffucci syndrome) 417
Pathology 417
Clinical Features 418
Imaging 418
Treatment 419
Prognosis and Follow-Up 419
Multiple hereditary exostosis (diaphyseal aclasiS) 419
Pathology 420
Clinical Features 420
Imaging 420
Treatment 421
Prognosis and Follow-Up 421
Fibrous dysplasia 421
Pathology 421
Clinical Features 422
Laboratory Findings 422
Imaging 422
Treatment 423
Prognosis and Follow-Up 423
Paget disease of bone (osteitis deformans) 423
Pathogenesis 423
Clinical Features 423
Laboratory Findings 424
Imaging 424
Treatment 425
Bisphosphonates 425
Calcitonin 425
Supportive therapy 425
Surgery 425
Skeletal metastases 425
Clinical Features 425
Laboratory Findings 426
Imaging radiographs 426
MR 426
CT 426
Differential Diagnosis 426
Treatment 427
Nonsurgical treatment 427
Surgical treatment of appendicular skeletal metastases 427
Surgical management of axial skeletal metastases 428
Prognosis and Follow-Up 428
References 428
Index 431