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MRI of the Male Pelvis, An Issue of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Clinics of North America, E-Book

MRI of the Male Pelvis, An Issue of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Clinics of North America, E-Book

Mukesh G. Harisinghani

(2014)

Abstract

Editor Mukesh Harisinghani and authors review important areas in MR of the male pelvis. Articles in this issue will include MRI of the Urinary Bladder; Multiparametric MRI Imaging of the Prostate; Diffusion Weighted Imaging of the Male Pelvis; MR Imaging of the Rectum; Penile MR Imaging; MR Imaging of Pelvic Metastases; MR Imaging of Scrotum; Vascular MR Imaging of the Male Pelvis; and more!

Table of Contents

Section Title Page Action Price
Front Cover Cover
The Male Pelvis i
copyright\r ii
Contributors iii
Contents v
Magnetic Resonance Imaging\rClinics Of North America\r viii
Preface\r xi
Erratum xiii
MR Imaging of the Urinary Bladder 129
Key points 129
Biology of bladder carcinoma 129
Anatomy of the urinary bladder 130
Staging of bladder cancer 131
MR imaging technique 131
MR imaging staging 132
T Staging 132
N Staging 133
Developing MR imaging techniques 133
Summary 134
References 134
MR Imaging–Guided Prostate Biopsy Techniques 135
Key points 135
Introduction 135
Methods of MR imaging–guided prostate biopsy 136
Cognitive Fusion 137
MR Imaging–Guided Prostate Biopsy 137
MR Imaging/Ultrasound Fusion Biopsy 138
Summary 142
References 142
Diffusion-Weighted Imaging of the Male Pelvis 145
Key points 145
Introduction 145
Technique 145
Principles of DW Imaging 145
Technical Aspects of DW Imaging 146
Interpretation of DW Imaging 146
Limitations of DW Imaging 147
Prostate 147
Specific Technical Considerations 147
Prostate Cancer Imaging 147
Background 147
DW imaging of prostate cancer 148
Bladder 151
Specific Technical Considerations 151
Bladder Cancer Imaging 151
Background 151
DW imaging of bladder cancer 151
Bowel and rectum 153
Rectal Cancer 153
Introduction 153
DW imaging of rectal cancer 153
Inflammatory Bowel Disease 156
Background 156
DW imaging of IBD 156
Penis 157
Technique 157
Penile Cancer 157
Testes 157
Lymph nodes 159
References 159
Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Rectal Cancer 165
Key points 165
Introduction 165
Current concepts in rectal cancer 166
Imaging modalities in rectal cancer diagnosis and staging 166
MR imaging technique 167
Relevant anatomy 169
Imaging findings 172
T Staging 172
T1 Lesions 172
T2 Lesions 173
T3 Lesions 173
T2 Versus Early T3 Lesions 174
Extramural Depth of Invasion 174
T4 Lesions 175
N Staging 176
Special considerations 178
Low Rectal Lesions 178
Mucinous Lesions 180
Treatment response evaluation 181
DWI in Post-CCRT Patients 182
Local recurrence 184
Summary 186
References 186
Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Penile Cancer 191
Key points 191
Introduction 191
Anatomy 191
MR imaging 192
MR imaging of penile cancer 192
Primary Tumor Imaging 192
Lymph Node Imaging 194
Distant Metastasis Imaging 196
Novel MR Imaging Techniques 197
Summary 197
References 197
Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Pelvic Metastases in Male Patients 201
Key points 201
Introduction 201
Lymph node metastasis 201
Pelvic Lymphatic Metastatic Pathways 201
Prostate Cancer 203
Penile Cancer 204
Testicular Cancer 204
Bladder Carcinoma 204
Rectal Cancer 205
Diagnostic Criteria 205
Nodal size 205
Shape and contour of the nodes 206
Signal abnormalities 206
Location of lymph node 206
Metastases to pelvic organs 206
Prostate 206
Penis 207
Testis 207
Bladder 207
Rectum 208
Peritoneal metastasis 208
Pseudomyxoma Peritonei Syndrome 209
Metastasis to skeletal muscle 209
Bone metastasis 209
New imaging advances 212
Diffusion-weighted Imaging and Diffusion-weighted Whole-body Imaging with Background Body Signal Suppression 212
Nanoparticle-enhanced MR Imaging 212
Summary 212
References 212
MR Imaging of Scrotum 217
Key points 217
Introduction 217
MR imaging protocol 218
Normal anatomy 221
Pathology 222
Intratesticular Masses 222
Testicular tumors 222
MR imaging findings 224
Benign Intratesticular Masses 228
Paratesticular Masses 230
Future considerations/summary 235
References 235
Male Pelvic MR Angiography 239
Key points 239
Introduction 239
Non–contrast-enhanced MR angiography 239
Time of Flight 240
Phase Contrast 240
Contrast-enhanced MR angiography 240
Gadolinium-Based Contrast Agent 240
Ultrasmall Paramagnetic Iron Oxide Particles 241
Arterial system 242
Anatomy 242
External iliac artery 242
Internal iliac artery 242
Peripheral Vascular Disease 243
Iliac Artery Aneurysms 244
Venous system 246
May-Thurner Syndrome 246
Right Iliac Vein Compression 249
Pelvic Arteriovenous Malformations 252
Priapism 252
Testicular Varicocele 255
Summary 256
References 256
Index 259