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Ultrasound: Part 2, An Issue of Critical Care Clinics, E-Book

Ultrasound: Part 2, An Issue of Critical Care Clinics, E-Book

Theresa S. Wu

(2014)

Additional Information

Abstract

The second part of Dr. Wu's Ultrasound edition has more topics covered by an expert panel of authors. Topics discussed include ocular ultrasound, basic procedures, musculoskeletal, deep vein thrombosis, advanced procedures, and OB/GYN!

Table of Contents

Section Title Page Action Price
Front Cover Cover
Ultrasound: Part 2 i
copyright\r ii
Contributors iii
Consulting Editor iii
Editor iii
Authors iii
Contents v
Critical Care Clinics\r vii
Diagnostic Ultrasonography for Peripheral Vascular Emergencies 185
Key points 185
Introduction 185
Technical considerations of peripheral vascular sonography 186
Transducer Selection 186
Color Doppler Ultrasonography 186
Pulsed-Wave Doppler Ultrasonography 187
Comparison of Arterial and Venous Ultrasound Findings 188
Deep vein thrombosis 189
Wells Criteria 189
D-Dimer 190
DVT Evaluation Algorithm 190
Ultrasonography Findings of DVT 190
Anatomy and Related Sonographic Findings for DVT 191
Peripheral Artery Aneurysms 194
Pseudoaneurysms 199
Arterial Occlusion of Extremities 200
Summary 205
References 205
Bedside Ultrasonography for Obstetric and Gynecologic Emergencies 207
Key points 207
Introduction 207
Technical considerations of obstetric and gynecologic sonography 208
Transducer Selection 208
Technique for performing transabdominal pelvic ultrasonography 208
Technique for performing endocavitary pelvic ultrasonography 210
Emergency ultrasonography in the obstetric patient 211
Detecting a normal IUP 212
Correlation with serum β-human chorionic gonadotropin levels 214
Fetal dating and viability by trimester 214
Ectopic pregnancy 216
Heterotopic pregnancy 218
Gestational trophoblastic disease 219
Emergency ultrasonography in the gynecologic patient 220
Ovarian cysts 220
Ovarian torsion 221
TOA, hydrosalpinx, and pyosalpinx 221
Uterine leiomyomas 222
IUD assessment 223
Summary 224
References 224
Bedside Ocular Ultrasound 227
Key points 227
Introduction 227
Eye and orbit anatomy 227
Sclera and Cornea 228
Choroid, Ciliary Body, and Iris 228
Retina 229
Refractory Media 230
Optic Nerve and Ophthalmic Vessels 230
Ocular ultrasound examination technique 231
Patient Positioning 231
Technique 231
Emergent ocular abnormalities 233
Retinal Detachment 233
Vitreous Hemorrhage 233
Lens Dislocation 234
Globe Rupture 235
Optic Nerve Evaluation 237
Retrobulbar Hematoma 237
Intraocular Foreign Bodies 237
Periorbital Abscess 239
Summary 240
References 240
Bedside Musculoskeletal Ultrasonography 243
Key points 243
Introduction 243
Probe selection 245
Maximizing image quality 247
Normal structures 248
Skin 248
Subcutaneous Fat 250
Muscle 250
Lymph Nodes 250
Bone 251
Joints 251
Tendons 251
Artifacts 253
Sonographic appearances of musculoskeletal pathology 254
Cellulitis 254
Phlegmon 256
Abscess 256
Lymphadenitis 257
Myositis 257
Soft Tissue Hematoma 260
Soft Tissue Foreign Bodies 261
Muscle Injuries 262
Joint Effusions 263
Popliteal Cysts 263
Fractures 265
Periostitis 266
Osteomyelitis 266
Tendon Injuries 266
Joint Prostheses 268
Sebaceous Cysts 268
Pilonidal Cysts 271
Lipomas 271
Summary 271
References 271
Basic Ultrasound-guided Procedures 275
Key points 275
Introduction 275
Ultrasound-guided Procedures: Axis and Orientation 275
Ultrasound-guided Versus Ultrasound-assisted Procedures 276
Ultrasound-guided Procedures: Visualizing the Needle 276
Ultrasound-guided peripheral intravenous placement 277
Clinical Indications 277
Anatomy 278
Technique 278
Tips 279
Ultrasound-guided central venous access 279
Clinical Indications 279
Anatomy 280
IJ vein 280
Femoral vein 281
Subclavian vein 281
Technique 281
Tips 283
Ultrasound-guided arterial access 284
Clinical Indications 284
Anatomy: Radial Artery 284
Anatomy: Femoral Artery 285
Anatomy: Brachial Artery 286
Anatomy: Dorsalis Pedis Artery 286
Technique 286
Tips 287
Ultrasound-guided suprapubic aspiration 287
Clinical Indications 287
Anatomy 287
Technique 287
Tips 288
Ultrasound-guided abscess localization for incision and drainage 288
Clinical Indications 288
Technique 289
Tips 290
Ultrasound-guided foreign body localization 291
Clinical Indications 291
Technique 292
Tips 292
Ultrasound-guided arthrocentesis 293
Clinical Indications 293
Anatomy 294
Knee 294
Hip 294
Ankle 295
Shoulder: anterior approach 296
Shoulder: posterior approach 297
Elbow 298
Technique for an Ultrasound-guided Arthrocentesis 299
Tips 300
Summary 302
References 302
Advanced Ultrasound Procedures 305
Key points 305
Ultrasound-guided pericardiocentesis 305
Background 305
Diagnosis 306
Precautions 306
Procedure 307
Pearls and Pitfalls 308
Ultrasound-guided thoracentesis 310
Background 310
Diagnosis 310
Precautions 310
Procedure 311
Pearls and Pitfalls 312
Ultrasound-guided paracentesis 313
Background 313
Diagnosis 313
Precautions 314
Procedure 314
Pearls and Pitfalls 315
Ultrasound-guided lumbar puncture 316
Background 316
Diagnosis 317
Precautions 317
Procedure 317
Pearls and Pitfalls 319
Ultrasound-guided nerve blocks 320
Background 320
Precautions 321
Procedure 321
Femoral Nerve Block 322
Pearls and Pitfalls 324
Ultrasound-guided peritonsillar abscess drainage 324
Background 324
Diagnosis 325
Precautions 325
Procedure 325
Pearls and Pitfalls 326
Summary 327
References 327
Index 331