Additional Information
Book Details
Abstract
Editor George Velmahos and authors highlight every important area in Acute Care Surgery for all general surgeons. Topics include obstruction, perforation, bleeding, acute inflammation, hernia emergencies, the open abdomen, necrotizing soft tissue infections, vascular emergencies, thoracic emergencies, and much more!
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Front Cover | Cover | ||
| Acute Care Surgery | i | ||
| Copyright\r | ii | ||
| Contributors | iii | ||
| Contents | v | ||
| Surgical Clinics Of North America\r | viii | ||
| Foreword\r | ix | ||
| Preface\r | xiii | ||
| Acute Inflammatory Surgical Disease | 1 | ||
| Key points | 1 | ||
| Appendicitis | 1 | ||
| Clinical History and Physical Examination | 2 | ||
| Radiographic Imaging | 3 | ||
| Treatment | 3 | ||
| Acute cholecystitis/cholangitis | 5 | ||
| Calculous Acute Cholecystitis | 5 | ||
| Treatment | 6 | ||
| Acalculous Cholecystitis | 7 | ||
| Acute Cholangitis | 8 | ||
| Acute pancreatitis | 9 | ||
| Epidemiology and Etiology | 9 | ||
| Pathophysiology | 9 | ||
| Diagnosis, Classification, and Severity | 10 | ||
| Initial Medical Management | 10 | ||
| Fluid resuscitation | 10 | ||
| Nutrition | 11 | ||
| Antibiotics | 11 | ||
| Imaging | 11 | ||
| Intervention | 12 | ||
| Late Complications | 14 | ||
| Diverticulitis | 15 | ||
| Epidemiology and Etiology | 15 | ||
| Pathophysiology | 16 | ||
| Diagnosis, Classification, and Severity | 16 | ||
| Specific Diverticulitis Entities and Their Management | 17 | ||
| Prevention of Recurrence | 19 | ||
| Clostridium difficile colitis | 20 | ||
| Epidemiology and Etiology | 20 | ||
| Pathophysiology | 21 | ||
| Diagnosis, Classification, and Severity | 21 | ||
| Initial Medical Management | 22 | ||
| Surgery | 24 | ||
| Nonstandard Agents: Monoclonal Antibodies, Anion-Binding Resins, Fecal Bacteriotherapy, Intravenous Immunoglobulin | 25 | ||
| References | 25 | ||
| Gastroduodenal Perforation | 31 | ||
| Key points | 31 | ||
| Cause | 31 | ||
| Presentation | 31 | ||
| Diagnosis | 32 | ||
| Management | 32 | ||
| Nonoperative Management | 32 | ||
| Operative Management | 33 | ||
| References | 33 | ||
| Esophageal Perforation | 35 | ||
| Key points | 35 | ||
| Cause | 35 | ||
| Presentation | 35 | ||
| Diagnosis | 37 | ||
| Management | 37 | ||
| Nonoperative Management | 37 | ||
| Operative Management | 38 | ||
| Drainage of the Contaminated Space | 39 | ||
| Primary Repair | 39 | ||
| Esophageal Diversion and Delayed Repair | 39 | ||
| Esophagectomy | 40 | ||
| References | 40 | ||
| Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding | 43 | ||
| Key points | 43 | ||
| Introduction | 43 | ||
| Blood supply of the foregut | 43 | ||
| Esophagus | 43 | ||
| Stomach | 44 | ||
| Duodenum | 45 | ||
| Etiology and pathophysiology | 45 | ||
| Peptic Ulcer Disease | 45 | ||
| Mallory-Weiss Tear | 46 | ||
| Stress Gastritis | 46 | ||
| Dieulafoy Lesion | 46 | ||
| Gastroesophageal Varices | 46 | ||
| Less Common Causes | 46 | ||
| Clinical presentation | 47 | ||
| Workup and initial treatment | 47 | ||
| Initial Resuscitation | 47 | ||
| Medical Management | 47 | ||
| Proton-pump inhibitors | 47 | ||
| Octreotide | 49 | ||
| Propranolol | 49 | ||
| Tranexamic acid | 49 | ||
| Definitive management | 49 | ||
| Endoscopy | 49 | ||
| Angioembolization | 51 | ||
| Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt | 51 | ||
| Surgical Intervention | 51 | ||
| Summary | 52 | ||
| References | 52 | ||
| Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding | 55 | ||
| Key points | 55 | ||
| Introduction | 55 | ||
| Blood supply | 55 | ||
| Midgut | 56 | ||
| Hindgut | 56 | ||
| Pathophysiology | 56 | ||
| Diverticulosis | 56 | ||
| Anorectal Disease | 56 | ||
| Hemorrhoids | 57 | ||
| Anal fissures | 57 | ||
| Mesenteric Ischemia | 57 | ||
| Ischemic Colitis | 58 | ||
| Inflammatory Bowel Disease | 58 | ||
| Crohn disease | 58 | ||
| Ulcerative colitis | 58 | ||
| Neoplasia | 58 | ||
| AV Malformation/Angiodysplasia | 58 | ||
| AV malformation | 58 | ||
| Angiodysplasia | 59 | ||
| Clinical presentation | 59 | ||
| Workup and initial treatment | 59 | ||
| Localize and stop the bleeding | 59 | ||
| Colonoscopy | 59 | ||
| Nuclear Scintigraphy | 61 | ||
| Angiography | 61 | ||
| Surgical Intervention | 61 | ||
| Obscure bleeding | 62 | ||
| Summary | 62 | ||
| References | 62 | ||
| Spontaneous Hemoperitoneum | 65 | ||
| Key points | 65 | ||
| Liver | 65 | ||
| Spleen | 67 | ||
| Vascular causes | 67 | ||
| Management | 67 | ||
| References | 68 | ||
| Retroperitoneal and Rectus Sheath Hematomas | 71 | ||
| Key points | 71 | ||
| Retroperitoneal hematomas | 71 | ||
| Rectus sheath hematomas | 72 | ||
| References | 74 | ||
| Acute Obstruction | 77 | ||
| Key points | 77 | ||
| Obstruction | 77 | ||
| Presentation of Acute Esophageal Obstruction | 77 | ||
| Diagnosis and evaluation | 78 | ||
| Management | 78 | ||
| Presentation of Acute Gastric Outlet Obstruction | 79 | ||
| Presentation | 79 | ||
| Diagnosis and evaluation | 79 | ||
| Management | 79 | ||
| Adhesional and nonadhesional small bowel obstruction | 80 | ||
| Presentation of Adhesional Small Bowel Obstruction | 80 | ||
| Diagnosis and evaluation | 81 | ||
| Management | 81 | ||
| Presentation of Nonadhesional Small Bowel Obstruction | 83 | ||
| Diagnosis and evaluation | 84 | ||
| Management | 85 | ||
| Presentation of Acute Colonic Obstruction | 86 | ||
| Diagnosis | 86 | ||
| Management | 87 | ||
| Diverticulitis | 87 | ||
| Partial | 87 | ||
| Hernia Emergencies | 97 | ||
| Key points | 97 | ||
| Incarcerated inguinal and femoral hernias | 97 | ||
| Definitions | 97 | ||
| Epidemiology | 98 | ||
| When to Repair? | 98 | ||
| How to Repair? | 98 | ||
| Open versus laparoscopic | 98 | ||
| Mesh versus primary | 98 | ||
| Perioperative Decision Making | 99 | ||
| Should a painful hernia be reduced before surgery? | 99 | ||
| Radiographic workup | 99 | ||
| Unable to reduce- what now? | 99 | ||
| Loop of dead bowel in the hernia: what next? | 100 | ||
| Other Issues | 100 | ||
| Bilateral hernias | 100 | ||
| Cancer | 100 | ||
| Incarcerated umbilical/incisional/abdominal wall hernia | 100 | ||
| Epidemiology | 100 | ||
| Congenital | 100 | ||
| Epigastric | 100 | ||
| Management of the Open Abdomen | 131 | ||
| Key points | 131 | ||
| Introduction | 131 | ||
| Indications for the Open Abdomen | 132 | ||
| IAH and ACS | 132 | ||
| Classification | 132 | ||
| Prevalence and epidemiology | 133 | ||
| Pathophysiology | 133 | ||
| Risk factors | 134 | ||
| Diagnosis | 134 | ||
| Management and treatment | 134 | ||
| Summary | 135 | ||
| Damage Control | 135 | ||
| Intra-abdominal Sepsis | 135 | ||
| Complications of the open abdomen | 136 | ||
| Temporary abdominal wall closure | 137 | ||
| Comparison of Techniques for Temporary Abdominal Closure | 143 | ||
| Definitive fascia closure | 144 | ||
| Enteroatmospheric Fistulas | 145 | ||
| Local control of the enteroatmospheric fistula | 145 | ||
| Surgical Management of Enteroatmospheric Fistulas | 148 | ||
| Summary | 151 | ||
| References | 151 | ||
| Necrotizing Skin and Soft Tissue Infections | 155 | ||
| Key points | 155 | ||
| Introduction | 155 | ||
| Epidemiology | 155 | ||
| History | 155 | ||
| Pathophysiology | 156 | ||
| Microbiology | 156 | ||
| Risk factors | 156 | ||
| Clinical manifestation | 156 | ||
| Signs and Symptoms | 157 | ||
| Laboratory Workup | 157 | ||
| Radiography | 158 | ||
| Surgical Exploration | 158 | ||
| Treatment | 158 | ||
| Hemodynamic Support and Fluid Resuscitation | 158 | ||
| Wide Surgical Debridement | 159 | ||
| Broad Spectrum Antibiotics | 161 | ||
| Hyperbaric Oxygen | 162 | ||
| Immunoglobulins | 162 | ||
| Prognosis | 162 | ||
| References | 162 | ||
| Acute Mesenteric Ischemia | 165 | ||
| Key points | 165 | ||
| Overview | 165 | ||
| Mesenteric vascular anatomy and physiology | 166 | ||
| Pathophysiology | 169 | ||
| Clinical presentation and diagnosis | 171 | ||
| Management of mesenteric ischemia | 172 | ||
| Embolic mesenteric arterial occlusion | 175 | ||
| Thrombotic mesenteric arterial occlusion | 175 | ||
| Mesenteric venous thrombosis | 177 | ||
| Nonocclusive mesenteric ischemia | 178 | ||
| Outcome | 179 | ||
| References | 179 | ||
| Thoracic Emergencies | 183 | ||
| Key points | 183 | ||
| Acute upper airway obstruction | 183 | ||
| Introduction | 183 | ||
| Anatomy/Pathophysiology | 183 | ||
| Clinical Presentation/Examination | 183 | ||
| Diagnosis | 184 | ||
| Summary | 185 | ||
| Massive hemoptysis | 185 | ||
| Introduction | 185 | ||
| Clinical Presentation/Examination | 186 | ||
| Technique | 186 | ||
| Summary | 187 | ||
| Spontaneous pneumothorax | 187 | ||
| Introduction | 187 | ||
| Relevant Anatomy/Pathophysiology | 187 | ||
| Clinical Presentation/Examination | 187 | ||
| Diagnostic Procedures/Treatment | 188 | ||
| Summary | 188 | ||
| Pulmonary empyema | 188 | ||
| Introduction | 188 | ||
| Clinical Presentation/Examination | 189 | ||
| Diagnosis | 189 | ||
| Management | 190 | ||
| Summary | 190 | ||
| References | 190 | ||
| Index | 193 |